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Secondly,the condition under which the Noether symmetry is a Lie symmetry is obtained.Finally,a generalization of Hojman theorem is given and two examples are given to illustrate the application of the result. analytical mechanics ; holonomic system ; symmetry ; conserved quantity

新近出现的形式不变性理论也取得进展[6～8]，文献[9]研究了完整力学系统由Lie对称性导致的Hojman守恒量，本文继文献[9]，研究完整力学系统由Noether对称性导致的Hojman守恒量。1 系统的Noether对称性与守恒量完整力学系统的运动微分方程为 Es=Qs (s=1，…，n)(1)其

The rights conflicts caused by the inconsonance or ambiguity of legislation can promote the evolvement of legal rights,while the rights conflicts caused by the new discovering of right space will make...

立法不协调或不明确所导致的权利冲突可以促进权利界分的演化；而权利空间再发现导致的权利冲突则使权利空间的实质增加或新权利的产生成为可能。

On one side,the mechanism of encouraging kinfolks to testify for the prosecution can be established:If the common kinfolk witness,who doesn\'t engage in the crime committed by the accused or the suspect,provides the valuable evidence to the enforcement officials and the suspect or the accused doesn\'t revolt and confesses the truth,the suspect or the accused can be regarded as a voluntary surrender and will receive a lighter punishment conditionally.

在考虑立法认可并设计亲属拒证特权制度的同时，我们也不否认亲属拒证特权的适用同样可能会导致某些重要证据的流失，为了消解因此而导致的负面后果，我们可以考虑建立鼓励亲属作证的机制，以实现多元价值的平衡。

In Penology, the function of punishment means the inevitable connection between the crime and the criminal sanctions, at this angle, the economic sanctions under the UN have no function of punishment; in Science of Civil Law, punishment, which is defined in the punishing ...

刑法学关于惩罚功能的精髓是在刑事不法行为与刑事制裁之间建立必然联系，从这个角度来看，联合国经济制裁不具有惩罚功能；民法学在"惩罚性赔偿"的定义中，将惩罚界定为"对不法行为者施加的'害'大于不法行为本身导致的'害'，而不是等于或大致等于不法行为本身导致的'害'"，从这个角度来看，联合国经济制裁不一定具有惩罚功能；法理学认为"惩罚"就是"施加不利"，从这个角度来看，联合国经济制裁应该具有惩罚功能因素。

Unlike current diffuse reflectance visible spectroscopy, the visible microspectroscopy can obtain the cell-level spectral information, It is not affected by changes of optical path length induced by different set-up of prober and hemoglobin concentration due to the pressure between prober and tissue.

对比常见的漫反射可见光谱技术，可见光显微光谱技术能够获取细胞大小范围内的信息，而且不受探头结构差异导致的传输光程长短，以及测量时探头施加压力导致的血红蛋白浓度异常变化的影响。

In China, the maximum block of optimizing capital structure is SBC.

在我国，软约束已经成为实现资本结构优化的最大障碍，它所导致的全社会信用度的降低，特别是国有企业信用度降低导致的连锁反映已严重威胁着中国市场经济的成长。

The results show that although the effect of Poisson is one of the factors that led to the cracking of soleplate, but not a major factor. Among the causes of the longitudinal cracks in bottom plate, not only the radical force are considered by traditional theory, but also the warping effect of the box and the local trabecular are serious and can not be ignored.

分析结果表明：泊松效应尽管是导致底板开裂因素之一，但不是主要因素；而底板纵向裂缝的产生除了传统理论所认为的底板连续索所产生的径向力效应外，底板连续索导致的箱梁翘曲效应与局部小梁效应也是重要的、不可忽略的因素。

To many, the villain is biofuels. U.S. and European ethanol programs, intended as an antidote to climate change and an alternative to OPEC oil, stand accused of snatching food from the world's hungry.

导致粮食价格上涨很大部分原因是生物燃料，特别是为了降低气温升高和找到OPEC石油的替代品而发展的美国和欧洲的乙醇项目的生产而导致的世界食物短缺。

Development level of economy was the most crucial factor for transformation of health financing systems.

结果 本系统评价共纳入59 篇文献，经济的发展为各国卫生筹资变革提供了条件，卫生体制出现的问题可以直接导致变革的发生，而政治因素是大多数国家的推动因素，其中韩国是由于民主政治体制下上台政党推动了变革，泰国和德国是由于首相上台而实施的变革，意大利和法国则是由于卫生费用支出过大和卫生系统不公平而导致的变革。

He steady-state current and the transient one in the SILC are measured respectively.

在此基础上描述了应力导致的漏电流退化的3种可能的导电机制，并且分别测量出应力导致的漏电流中瞬态和稳态电流的大小。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。