导向环

To solve those problems in extended reach wells and horizontal multibranch wells and ease the "bottleneck" of domestic pointthebit of rotary steerable drilling technology, combining theory with practice, we summarize the rotary steerable drilling technology at home and abroad, introduce two typical and popular bottom hole closed loop rotary steerable drilling tools, namely MRST and GeoPilot.

为解决在钻大位移井、水平分支井等复杂结构井时出现的种种难题以及国内指向式旋转导向钻井技术的&瓶颈&问题，将理论与实践相结合，对旋转导向钻井技术的国内外研究现状做了分析；介绍了目前国内外运用比较广泛且典型的推靠式MRST和指向式GeoPilot井下闭环旋转导向钻井工具。

So in order to improve ROP, the VTK vertical drilling technology of Baker Hughes was introduced. VTK is a kind of closed loop, automatic, and vertical drilling technology, made up of closedloop rotary steering drilling system AUTOTRAK, highperformance X-TREME motor and reliable MWD. It is able to return the well path back to vertical by adopting downhole microprocessors to analyze the measured deviation data and determine the proper force necessary for decreasing the deviation angle to guide the steering rib at the highside to reliably stick out against the upper wellbore.

为提高机械钻速，引进贝克休斯的VTK垂直钻井技术，它是由AUTOTRAK、高性能X-TREME马达、可靠的MWD三种技术开发出来的一种闭环自动垂直钻井技术，能够根据井眼的偏斜，经井下微处理器分析判断，使导向稳定地靠近井眼高边方向导向肋板伸出顶向上井壁，这样使钻头产生合理的降斜力，从而使井眼回到垂直轨道上来。

So in order to improve ROP, the VTK vertical drilling technology of Baker Hughes was introduced. VTK is a kind of closed loop, automatic, and vertical drilling technology, made up of closed loop rotary steering drilling system AUTOTRAK, high-performance X-TREME motor and reliable MWD. It is able to return the well path back to vertical by adopting downhole microprocessors to analyze the measured deviation data and determine the proper force necessary for decreasing the deviation angle to guide the steering rib at the high-side to reliably stick out against the upper wellbore.

为提高机械钻速，引进贝克休斯的VTK垂直钻井技术，它是由AUTOTRAK、高性能X-TREME马达、可靠的MWD三种技术开发出来的一种闭环自动垂直钻井技术，能够根据井眼的偏斜，经井下微处理器分析判断，使导向稳定地靠近井眼高边方向导向肋板伸出顶向上井壁，这样使钻头产生合理的降斜力，从而使井眼回到垂直轨道上来。

The ring is rolled by drive roller and mandrel roller, drive roller offer rotation to make ring rotate continuously and mandrel roller offer line feed to make the ring wall become thinner and thinner. The guide roller ensure the ring rolled comfort, and inspect roller check the rings diameter whether reach the limit dimension.

主动辊提供转动，使环件变形区不断循环周而复始的通过轧辊孔型；芯辊提供直线进给运动，使环件壁厚不断减小以实现环件直径扩大的加工过程；导向辊保证轧制平稳进行，检测辊测量轧制环件尺寸是否达到要求以停止轧制。

Rehabilitation of seals is also available in a more unique properties: the injury did not wear face, we have developed a hydraulic reciprocating seal products: grid to circle, Lancaster letters, high-pressure rotating closures, dust-tetrafluoroethane Yixi laps, orientation Support Central, Central-oriented positioning, direction and fluoride with flexible rubber seal; combination of letters: TD, KD, GD, DAS, V-type, and so on.

我们开发的液压往复密封产品有：格来圈、斯特封、高压旋转封、聚四氟乙稀防尘圈、导向支撑环、导向定位环、导向带及氟橡胶密封弹性体；组合封：TD、KD、GD、DAS、V型等。

The effect of the friction between rolls and ring can be ignored and the effect of the spread velocity of rolling on the deformation of ring is illustrated.

通过模拟分析比较，揭示出了环件轧制过程中的金属流动规律：轧制时，环件外侧的变形最大，厚向中心部位变形最小，内侧的变形程度介于中间；环件内外环面的压应力分布和变化规律：在垂直于环件轴线的对称面上，压应力分布近似对称状态，而且在对称面上的应力最大，往端面方向开始减小；指出了环件轧制中轧辊与环件摩擦对环件成形的影响：对于环件的宽展变形，摩擦的影响很小，可以忽略；分析了环件进给速度对环件成形的影响并阐述了环件厚向中心部位凹陷产生的原因，提出防止凹陷的措施：在轧制时，尽量使用快的进给速度有利于防止端面凹陷的产生；研究了导向辊位置对环件成形以及轧辊受力的影响：导向辊的位置对环件的宽展变形影响很小，但对轧辊的受力影响较大，当导向辊的中心位置位于毛坯初始中心位置之上时，驱动辊和芯辊的受力相对较小，这是导向辊导向时优先考虑的位置。

The cut-off valve with pilot valve without hand wheel, stem and lift nut inside will guide block and guide slot Butterfly Valves to guide sleeve, the disc-shaped disc to disc type bowl shape, and holes in the bottom of the flap valve to open, the valve cover of the original valve stem hole to hole diversion, because of increased pressure ring, ring, and the valve flap to class mortar, so that the flow passage separated the upper chamber cavity, external cavity, cavity, in the cavity and The external cavity increases with draft tube and stainless steel manual ball valve, flap valve in the cover plate and the center of the end of installing the spring, the upper flap valve install compression seal of the pressure ring, outside the cavity of the wall to open a Drainage holes.

带先导球阀的截止阀无手轮、阀杆和内升降螺母，将导向块与导向槽改为导向套，将盘形阀瓣改为类钵体形阀瓣，并在底部开阀瓣孔，电动蝶阀将阀盖原阀杆孔改为导流孔，因增加压环、密封圈和将阀瓣改为类钵体，使上通流腔分隔为上腔、外腔、内腔，在上腔与外腔的外部加设有导流管与不锈钢手动球阀，在盖板与阀瓣底的中心部加设弹簧，阀瓣上部加设压紧密封圈的压环，在外腔的壁上开有放水孔。

The company has windowed corrugated plate packing, small ripple from the saddle ring loose fill, such as utility model patents, the main processing and manufacturing of petroleum, chemical, oil refining, coking, pharmaceutical and other industries within the pieces of stainless steel towers, such as: air-tube distributor, distributor disc groove, double row vane distributor, driven valve trays, tongue-shaped tray, floating tongue trays, sieve trays, bubble cap trays, metal mesh corrugated structured packing, metal packing puncture calendering, sheet corrugated structured packing, turtle nets, packing bearings, all kinds of loose packing such as Rasi ring, Pall Ring, ladder ring, flat ring, Intalox ring, metal wreath tower, etc.

公司拥有开窗式孔板波纹填料，细波纹环距鞍散堆填料等实用新型专利技术，主要加工制造石油、化工、炼油、焦化、制药等行业不锈钢塔器内件，如：管式空气分布器、槽盘式分布器、双列叶片式分布器、导向浮阀塔盘、舌形塔盘、浮舌塔盘、筛孔塔盘、泡罩塔盘，金属网孔波纹规整填料、金属压延刺孔波纹填料、板波纹规整填料、龟甲网、填料支承，各种散堆填料如拉西环、鲍尔环、阶梯环、扁环、矩鞍环、金属花环等塔内件。

At present, our products have developed to machinery sealing, carbon-graphite products, resin product normal temperature, high temperature, strong anticorrosive, metal products dipped antimony, dipped aluminum, dipped aluminum alloy, dipped Babbitt alloy, shaft sleeve, bearing, slipper block, piston ring for oil-free cylinder, orienting sleeve, carborundum ceramic seal ringrotary joint.

目前产品发展至机械密封，石墨密封环、碳石墨制品浸渍有树脂类、金属类（浸锑，浸铝，浸铝合金，浸巴氏合金）、轴套、轴忖、轴承、滑块、无油汽缸用活塞环、导向套。碳化硅陶瓷密封环、轴套、轴承、分瓣环、导向套。

At present, our products have developed to machinery sealing, carbon-graphite products, resin product (normal temperature, high temperature, strong anticorrosive), metal products (dipped antimony, dipped aluminum, dipped aluminum alloy, dipped Babbitt alloy), shaft sleeve, bearing, slipper block, piston ring for oil-free cylinder, orienting sleeve, carborundum ceramic seal ring and rotary joint.

目前产品发展至机械密封，石墨密封环、碳石墨制品浸渍有树脂类、金属类（浸锑，浸铝，浸铝合金，浸巴氏合金）、轴套、轴忖、轴承、滑块、无油汽缸用活塞环、导向套。碳化硅陶瓷密封环、轴套、轴承、分瓣环、导向套。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失