导出量

The result showed that the best time for sampling was 7 to 14 days after the first bud flowering on the main anthotaxy. The capacity of embryoid production varied significantly in different genotypes. Among them, twelve genotypes yield embryos successfully, which the rate could reach 71%. Genotype 102 was an ideal material for embryoid induction, and the frequency could reach 32.78 embryos per bud. Genotype that with a highest yield produced 546 times as many embryos as that with a lowest yield. The embryoid induction ability of normal bolting genotypes were higher than easy bolting and hard bolting genotypes.

结果表明：在秋冬季日光温室内，供试植株主花序第一朵花开后第7~14天取样，即初花期是最佳取样时期；不同基因型间小孢子胚胎发生能力差异很大，在接种的17个基因型中，有12个诱导出胚，诱导成功率71%；其中102号产胚量最高，达到32.78个／蕾；在已产胚材料中，产胚量最高的基因型是产胚量最低的基因型的546倍；较易抽薹型材料的产胚能力大于易抽薹型和不易抽薹型。

A general formula for computing the OTF of a defocused optical system is derived from the Kirchoff diffraction integration under an approximate condition which is weaker than the Fresnel condition.

本文从基尔霍夫衍射积分公式出发，在弱于菲涅耳条件的近似下，以高斯像面的像差量及系统的离焦量为参变量，导出了便于计算离焦光学系统的OTF的普遍算式。

Under the information theory, more applications are provided to those back analysis methods. Based on the Duncan-Chang E-B model, which can simulate earth-rock dam's non-linear mechanics behavior well, the paper introduced the nature coordinate system to the stress space. In this way, hydrostatic stress and stress deviator were decomposed each other.

论文以能较好模拟土石坝非线性力学行为的Duncan-Chang E-B模型为基础，通过引入应力空间下的自然坐标系，分解应力球量与应力偏量，从而导出一个在有限元计算中，位移对参数偏导数的闭合形式公式。

A new method relying on the Stroh formulism and the theory of the surface impedance tensor was developed to investigate the dynamic instability of interfacial slip waves.The concept of the surface impedance tensor was extended to the case where the wave speed is of a complex value,and the boundary conditions at the frictionally contacting interface were expressed by the surface impedance tensor.Then the boundary value problem was transformed to searching for zeroes of a complex polynomial in the unit circle...

基于Stroh公式和表面阻抗张量理论，提出了研究界面滑移波动态失稳问题的一种新的方法·该方法将表面阻抗张量概念推广到复波速域，并将摩擦接触界面上的边界条件以表面阻抗张量表示·最终将边值问题化归为求解一个复多项式在单位圆内的根·以弹性半空间与刚体平面相对稳态摩擦滑移为例进行了详细的分析，导出了一个4次复特征方程并讨论了方程在单位圆内解的特性，给出了滑移界面波失稳条件的显式解析表达式

In this thesis the process of constructing the non-perturbative Hamiltonian theory is de-scribed and is applied to estimate the vacuum condensate. It contains the following contents:At the very beginning, by using the path integral method and eliminating the gluon freedom, aGCM action 〓 of current quarks including lower order current-current coupling was derivedfrom the QCD Lagrangian and the effective Hamiltonian operator that could hardly be doneby the normal methods was derived. After doing this, the broken vacuum is introduced whichincludes quark-antiquark condensate through the generalized Bogoliubov-Valatin transformation,the effective Hamiltonian of constituent quark was derived. The detailed formulas containingthe spatial current-current coupling term for the effective Hamiltonian and gap equations wasworked out by parameterizing the correlation kernel as a quadratic potential. And then, the gapequation was solved and the quark-antiquark condensate of vacuum was studied both in the casesof instantaneous interaction and retarded interaction. In the end, the effective Hamiltionian withtwo-body quark-quark interaction was derived with one-body approximation, and with the helpof the functional integral method the coupling non-linear dynamic equations for systems withnuclear matter was derived. Finally, these equations were solved by selfconsistent method andthe effect of nuclear matter on vacuum condensate was studied. The spatial current-current coupling term is too difficult to handle, hence the correlationkernel is assumed to be not important and usually omitted in the pure vacuum condensate, andthe instantaneous interaction generally is adopted. Retaining the spatial current-current termand partial retardation effect, the quark pairs condensate in pure vacuum was studied, and theeffect of quark mass was also studied. At present, little study is focused in the case with nuclearmatter and spatial current-current term also omitted. Under the approximation with partialspatial current-current term, the effect of nuclear matter on vacuum condensate was studied.

本论文描述了量子色动力学整体色对称模型哈密顿量方法的构建过程，得到了反映正反夸克对凝聚真空结构的关于组分夸克的有效哈密顿量算符，它隐含了胶子作用，并且准确至流-流耦合项；接着，通过参数化哈密顿量中的夸克作用关联核，导出平方禁闭势参数化选择的哈密顿量的具体公式和能隙方程；随后，应用公式，编程求解，考察了瞬时作用下和部分延迟作用下真空的正反夸克对凝聚，在计算中保留了空间流-流耦合作用；之后，导出瞬时势和延迟势下包含二体作用项的哈密顿量公式，并采用单体化近似，通过泛函变分方法得到核物质存在时耦合的非线性动力学方程；在保留部分空间双流耦合作用的近似下，求解核物质的动力学方程，考察核物质密度对真空凝聚的影响，以往考察真空凝聚，对关联核的选用，由于空间流-流耦合项不易处理，也认为作用不大，常忽略该项，并且常采用瞬时作用；本文保留空间双流项和部分延迟作用，考察了真空情形的夸克对凝聚，还考察了夸克质量对纯真空凝聚的影响，以往对核物质存在情形的真空凝聚考察很少，也都忽略空间流-流项，本文在考虑部分空间流-流项近似下，考察了核物质存在对真空凝聚的影响。

In this paper, applying an integral expression of linear viscoelastic theory, several integral equation expressions for obtaining shear modulus G from stress relaxation modulus E{t and bulk modulus K are acquired by using inversion of the Laplace Transform.

本文应用线粘弹性理论的一种粘弹性积分变换式，采用拉氏逆变换，导出了由拉伸松弛模量E和体积松弛模量K求解剪切模量G的几种积分方程，并给出了由已知试验数据E和K通过迭代和数值积分求G的数值积分算法。

Using this spinor structure of Chern-Simons, we give the spinor expression of the non-Abelian Faddeev-Niemi knot quantum number.

作为此分解的应用，本文导出了SU（2）陈-Simons形式和SU（2）陈密度的旋量结构，并利用此陈-Simons旋量结构给出了非阿贝尔Faddeev-Niemi纽结量子数的旋量表达式。

Based on mathematical analysis, elastic geostress field is a symmetric second-order tensor, which can be expressed as symmetric matrix and studied by its eigenvalue and eigenvector.

根据对二阶张量的数学分析，通过求取二阶张量的特征值与特征向量，导出了对称张量在空间几何学中对应的二次曲面。

The osculating relation exists between rockfill fabric tensor and stress tensor, which have been proved theoretically in this paper. So creep mechanism and deformation law of rockfill can be gained from varying of fabric tensor. As a result creep mechanism of rockfill creep may be revealed from microcosmic view.

堆石体组构张量与应力张量和应变张量有密切的关系，从组构张量的变化可以导出堆石体的变形机理和规律，从而揭示堆石体材料流变变形的细观机理。

Based on the phase-space generating functional for a system with a singular higher-order Lagrangian,the quantal canonical Noether identities under the local and non-local transformation in phase space for such system have been derived.

基于高阶微商奇异拉氏量系统的相空间生成泛函，导出了定域和非定域变换下的量子正则Noether恒等式；对高阶微商规范不变系统，导出了位形空间中定域和非定域变换下的量子Noether恒等式。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。