对面的

Operant conditioning, situation in training, on other domestics or your bird pet; reacting well in order to gain something positive, or to evade from something negative.

操作性的情况，在培训，对其他国产或你的宠物鸟，反应良好，以获得一些正面的，或逃避，从一些负面的。

The morphology of etch pits on different lattice plane is observed by optical microscopy. It is found that the shapes of etch pits are related to the symmetry of lattice plane.

对NYAB晶体中的位错蚀坑观察发现：蚀坑的形状与所在晶面的对称性有关，蚀坑的对称性反映了其所在晶面的晶格对称性。

If, however, trade in the manufactures of far distant lands exercises admittedly so beneficial an influence on our agricultural industry, how much more beneficial must the influence be of those manufactures which are bound up with us locally, commercially, and politically, which not only take from us a small portion, but the largest portion of their requirements of food and of raw materials,which are not made dearer to us by great costs of transport, our trade in which cannot be interrupted by the chance of foreign manufacturing nations learning to supply their own wants themselves, or by wars and prohibitory import duties?

如果我们在自己的境内办工业，这种工业在地区上、商业上、政治上是同我们结合在一起的，它向我们所吸取的食物和原料不只是它所需要的一小部分而是绝大部分，它的产品并不会由于巨大的运输费用而抬高代价，我们在这方面的物资交流也不会由于国外工业适应它自己的需要或由于战争或禁制性进口税等关系而发生阻滞——试问，如果说辽远地区的工业对我们农业有有利影响的话，那么我们自己的工业在这方面的有利影响比前者要扩大多少倍？

After reviewing the previous dissertation on quantitative characteristic trait of recalcitrant seeds, three aspects of quantitative characteristic trait of seed recalcitrant were defined, which are interspecific aspect, intraspecific aspect and individual developmental aspect. And it was supposed that seed recalcitrance was a compound characteristic, with its core composed of desiccation tolerance, low-temperature tolerance and storage tolerance at least, and its concomitants composed of seed size, 1000-seed weight, moisture content at shedding, non-dormancy, systemic taxonomy, ecological and biochemical aspects. Because these core and concomitants are all gradual, transitional and quantitative, it was inferred that seed recalcitrance was a compound quantitative trait.

文章简要概述了从顽拗型种子到顽拗性种子这样一个对顽拗性种子认识提高的过程，在综述了前人关于顽拗性种子数量性状特征论述的基础上，把种子顽拗性的数量性状特征划分为种间、种内和个体发育三个层面，提出种子顽拗性是一种复合性状，其核心至少包括脱水耐性、低温耐性和贮藏耐性三方面的内容，其伴随性状包括种子尺度、千粒重、初始含水量、休眠特性、分类地位、地理分布和保护性物质含量等多方面的内容，而且这些核心内容和伴随性状的每一个方面都具有渐变的、过渡的、数量型的特征，从而阐明种子顽拗性是一种复合数量性状。

Took the different diameters double-row bearing slewing ring asexample, this dissertation studied the distribution of axial press ofthe rolling body under axial load and throw moment, the contact pressbetween two outer seat-rings which are connected to the main machinewith high strength screw bolts.

本文以双排异径球式回转支承为例，对球式回转支承在承受轴向载荷和倾翻力矩时的滚动体轴向正压力大小、分布及由高强度螺栓与主机连接的滚圈接触面的接触力进行了详细的理论推导和实际计算，说明在双排球式回转支承的结构静力分析过程中，可以将滚圈安装接触面的接触力简化为铅垂方向的均布载荷。

The electric displacement perpendicular to the plate surface is singular and proportional to the bending stresses.

压电效应对面内弯曲正应力的影响很小，可忽略不计。2）压电效应对剪应力影响较大，切向电场强度和电位移的集中程度随径厚比变化趋势和切向剪力的变化趋势相同。3）中面上孔边电势和垂直于板中面的电场强度的集中程度随径厚比的减小而减弱，垂直于中面的电位移的集中程度随着径厚比的减小而增强。

Because the pipe and soil are two kinds of different materials, the effect of interface is considered by establishing the pipe-soil contact pair prescribed in the program.

由于管道与土体是两种不同的材料，有必要考虑接触面的影响，根据软件中所规定的建立接触面的方法建立管道—海床这一接触对。

First of all, the paper carried out test study on four two-spanned model members of FSMRCWB, including three 1/2-scaled two-storeyed models and one 1/3-scaled three-storeyed model. The paper analyzed the test results, including analysis on mechanical property of the composite wall beam under vertical loads, and failure mode, deformation capacity, aseismic performance under horizontal loads and constant vertical loads. Secondly, the nonlinear property of concrete is studed and the nonlinear models of FSMRCSS is builded by ANSYS. Last, The paper studies the result of ANSYS, which mainly includes the loading-displace curve of FSMRCSS under horizontal loads and constant vertical loads, the mechanics of arch under vertical loads lonely and under horizontal loads and constant vertical loads respectively, and status of the distribution and changing of vertical stress and cross shear on the surface of the suporting beam, and the influence of span ratio and hole.All in all, the caculating results are in good agreement with the test results.

本文首先进行了三个1/2比例的两跨两层和一个1/3比例的两跨三层的框支密肋复合墙梁的模型试验，分析了框支密肋复合墙梁在竖向荷载作用下的受力性能，以及在竖向荷载与水平低周反复荷载共同作用下的受力性能、变形性能、滞回性能、耗能系数及破坏形态；其次，研究了混凝土的非线性特性，建立了框支密肋复合墙梁非线性有限元模型，并借助大型通用有限元软件ANSYS进行计算；再则，进行了非线性有限元结果分析，主要研究框支密肋复合墙梁在竖向荷载与水平地震力共同作用下的荷载位移曲线，分析在竖向荷载单独作用下和在竖向荷载与水平地震力共同作用下墙梁的拱作用，托梁顶面的竖向应力和横向剪应力分布及变化情况，并讨论跨度比、洞口对墙梁拱作用和托梁顶面的竖向应力的影响。

Then the failure mode and the coefficient of stability of the displaceable blocks were studied respectively.

主要内容包括：①在野外地质调查基础上，通过统计分析得到地下厂区结构面的优势方位；对结构面工程地质特性进行了分析；根据结构面的空间组合关系，搜索出可能在主厂房洞室的顶拱和边墙部位出露的块体，并分析了各块体的可能滑移方式及其稳定性系数。

And the main contents of this dissertation are:(1)The engineering geological features of discontinuities in surrounding rock mass were analyzed on the basis of field geological survey and the preferred orientation of the main discontinuities were derived. Then the displaceable blocks distributing on the roof and sidewalls of main chamber were searched out taking the intersecting relationship of discontinuities into consideration. Then the failure mode and the coefficient of stability of the displaceable blocks were studied respectively.

主要内容包括：①在野外地质调查基础上，通过统计分析得到地下厂区结构面的优势方位；对结构面工程地质特性进行了分析；根据结构面的空间组合关系，搜索出可能在主厂房洞室的顶拱和边墙部位出露的块体，并分析了各块体的可能滑移方式及其稳定性系数。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。