对生叶的

Leaves simple, commonly opposite and decussate with one of a pair slightly smaller than other, rarely verticillate or alternate by abortion of one of a pair, usually 1-4(or 5) secondary veins on each side of midvein, originating at or near base and anastomosing apically, tertiary veins numerous, parallel, and connecting secondary veins and midvein but in Memecylon secondary veins pinnate and tertiary veins reticulate.

托叶无。单叶，通常对生和交互对生的具其中一片较小的叶，很少轮生的或由于一对中一枚败育而互生，通常次脉在中脉两边各1-4(或5)，发生在基部或近基部，在顶部网结，支脉多数，平等，与次脉和中脉相连但在 Memecylon中，次脉羽状和支脉网状。

Leaves opposite, decussate; leaf blade simple. Inflorescence terminal, a corymbose cyme, few branched; bracts persistent. Sterile flowers few, large.

叶对生，交互对生；单叶花序顶生，一伞房状的聚伞花序，很少分枝；苞片宿存不育的花很少，大。

Leaves opposite, rarely subopposite, petiolate, entire, papery, with pinnate veins, with tendrils between leaf pairs.

叶对生，很少近对生，具叶柄，全缘，纸质，具羽状的脉，在叶对之间的具卷须。

Leaves opposite, rarely fascicled or alternate, simple or compound; leaf or leaflet blades palmately veined.

叶对生，很少簇生或互生，单的或复合；叶或小叶叶片掌状脉。

Characteristics: Climbing perennial woody vines, stem densely hairy; leaves compound, opposite, consisting of three leaflets or sections, biternate or pinnate, the leaflets 3－9, acuminate at apex, coarsely serrate at margin; inflorescences panicles or cymes, axillary; flowers white to yellowish

形态：多年生攀缘性木质藤本，茎被密毛；叶对生，2回3出叶或羽状复叶，小叶3－9，先端渐锐，叶缘粗锯齿；圆锥或聚繖花序腋生，花白色至淡黄绿色，似花瓣的花萼4片；瘦果聚合，各具毛绒长尾。

Lateral branches penetrating leaf sheaths. Leaves alternate. Inflorescences borne at each node, opposite leaves, emerging from mouth of leaf sheath, each a large panicle of numerous cincinni; cincinni each subtended by an involucral bract; bracts similar to leaves, becoming smaller toward apex of cincinnus.

叶互生 花序着生在每节，与叶对生，从叶鞘口那里出现，每一个为一大的多数蝎尾状聚伞花序的圆锥花序；蝎尾状聚伞花序各自以一总苞片被包着；类似于叶的苞片，向蝎尾状聚伞花序先端变小。

Distal leaves and bracts curled or slightly cirrose; leaves mostly opposite or alternate, rarely whorled.

弯曲的上部叶和苞片或者稍有卷须；叶多数对生或互生，很少轮生。

Leaves opposite along stem and/or in a whorl at base, subsessile; stipules absent. Flowers axillary and/or terminal, solitary or in pedunculate umbel-like cymes which sometimes rebranch to form irregular compound umbels, 4-merous, white or yellow, rarely pale blue. Calyx campanulate, 2--4-lobed; lobes valvate.

叶对生沿茎和在一轮生的在基部，近无柄；无托叶腋生的花和/或顶生，在有花序梗内的单生或象伞形花序一样聚伞花序哪个有时形成不规则复合伞形花序，4瓣，花萼钟状，有叶2-4；裂片镊合状排列。

Xie Ge is qualitative, opposite, bottle green, luster, often be 3 ～ in branch upside 4 verticillate, whole reason, have little oily place, sweet smell is had after foliaceous knead, the leaf grows 2 ～ 5 centimeters, into the part after the winter the lamina of young tree turns for amaranth.

叶革质，对生，深绿色，有光泽，在枝上部常为3～4枚轮生，全缘，有小油点，叶揉搓后具香味，叶长2～5厘米，入冬后部分幼树的叶片转为紫红色。

The short-day effect is recepted by theleaves of M.charantia seedling.The first pair of shield-shaped opposite leavesof balsam pear seedling are slow to short-day effect.while the third and forthpalm-shaped alternate leaves are most sensitive to the photoperiod.

苦瓜幼苗中对短日反应的感受部位是叶片，它的第一对盾形对生真叶对短日的反应比较迟钝，而第三、四片掌状的互生真叶对短日最为敏感。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。