对流

Based on the theory of aerothermodynamics for rarefied gas, discusses the principle of compound heat transfer in the vacuum layer.

应用稀薄气体分子热运动理论，研究了真空层复合传热机理，提出了真空层当量导热系数计算方法，分析了不同真空层压力和热媒温度对真空层传热量的影响以及导热、对流和辐射传热量在真空层总传热量中所占比例和变化规律，提出优化真空保温管道保温性能的方法。

At high latitude, besides thermospheric disturbances, we mainly study particle precipitation, convection electric field, neutral molecule excitation and top plasma flux, which may affect the ionospheric F region disturbance.

在高纬区，除热层扰动外，主要研究粒子沉降电离、对流电场、分子激发以及顶部等离子体流对于电离层F区的影响。

At high latitude, besides thermosphieric disturbances, we mainly study particle precipitation, convection electric field, neutral molecule excitation amid top plasma flux, which may affect the ionospheric F region disturbance.

在 高纬区，除热层扰动外，主要研究粒子沉降电离、对流电场、分子激发以及顶部等离子体流对于电离层F区的影响。

Computation of flow field is divided into two parts: one is comparison of turbulent model, and the other is influence of Froude number on the free surface.

圆柱绕流问题已经有很多年的研究历史了，但是考虑湍流模型和自由面对流场影响的文献不多。

The governing equation with chemical reacting flow is established. Using time splitting algorithm, the convection term is solved with the second-order Godunov method and the chemical reaction is coped with two-step model. Standing oblique detonation waves induced by an accelerating projectile are simulated numerically. The results are compared well with the data of the experiments.

建立了含化学反应流体流动的数值模拟模型，用时间分裂法对对流项和化学反应项分别采用高阶Godunov格式和两步反应模型进行处理，对锥形斜爆轰波和驻定在飞行弹丸上的斜爆轰波流场进行了数值模拟，得到了与实验现象相吻合的计算结果。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。