对数的

Based on analysing the mechanism of substitution and compensation of ICT for labor in service sector, this dissertation constructed the cost function of translog form which was dual with the production function of the service sector, estimated the parameter of the share requirement equation affected by the factors of labor force, ICT and non-ICT, so that to calculate the Allen partial elasticity of substitution and the MES elasticity of substitution.

本文在分析 ICT 对服务业劳动的替代和补偿机制的基础上，建立与服务业生产函数对偶的超越对数形式的成本函数，估计出劳动力、 ICT 和非 ICT 等要素的需求份额方程的参数，以此计算 Allen 偏替代弹性和 MES 替代弹性。

A model for finding the cryptic period of hydrological time series is proposed. The functions of the model include to apply logarithm transformation for making the sequence more stationary, to construct a corresponding auto-regression model for reducing the herteroskedasticity of residual, to determine the component of the prime period by periodogram analysis.

本文在讨论水文时序平稳性和异方差性的基础上，提出了检测水文时序隐含周期的模型，即对水文时序设计对数变换序列，提高序列的平稳性；建立相应的自回归模型降低残差的异方差性；通过对所得平稳序列进行周期图分析确定可能的主周期分量。

Model for finding the cryptic period of hydrological time series is proposed. The functions of the model include to apply logarithm transformation for making the sequence more stationary, to construct a corresponding auto-regression model for reducing the herteroskedasticity of residual, to determine the component of the prime period by periodogram analysis.

bstract 本文在讨论水文时序平稳性和异方差性的基础上，提出了检测水文时序隐含周期的模型，即对水文时序设计对数变换序列，提高序列的平稳性；建立相应的自回归模型降低残差的异方差性；通过对所得平稳序列进行周期图分析确定可能的主周期分量。

Because of its easily calculating and its accurately description parametric method has became mainstream in study field, polynomial hazard function distribution model was a large class of parametric models, when the dates are not readily handled by one of the common models such as exponential distribution or Weibull distribution, polynomial hazard function model always be used to provide adequate fits of the dates.

随着该学科的发展，大量参数、非参数方法相继提出，特别是生存分析的参数方法，以其处理简便、描述准确成为生存分析研究的主流方向。多项式危险函数模型是参数模型中的一大类，当一批数据不能用熟知的一些分布，诸如Weibull分布、对数正态分布进行很好的描述时，常常使用多项式危险函数模型。

Three schemes of blind signature are proposed based on the conic curve s over the residue class ring Zn.

基于环Zn上的圆锥曲线密码体制，提出了3种盲签名方案；方案的安全性基于大整数的分解困难性和求解环Zn 圆锥曲线上的离散对数问题的困难性。

The mean velocity distributions in turbulent boundary layers of smooth surface and two different riblet surfaces are measured with IFA300 constant-temperature anemometer in low-speed wind tunnel to validate the full development of turbulent boundary laye. Friction velocity and wall friction stress of turbulent boundary layer are obtained with the least-squares fitted curve of the sublayer velocity distribution based on Spalding formula, and virtual origin position of riblet surface can be acquired accurately.

在低速风洞中来流速度一定的情况下使用IFA300恒温热线风速仪测量了光滑表面和两种不同尺寸的脊状表面湍流边界层平均速度分布剖面，并验证了试验段湍流发展的充分性；通过应用Spalding壁面公式使用最小二乘法精准拟合了实验测量的边界层内层速度分布曲线，得到了湍流边界层壁面摩擦速度并进一步求得湍流壁面摩擦应力，较准确地计算出脊状表面的虚拟原点位置，并通过与对数律公式拟合结果比较分析，证实了该方法更加准确有效。

Methods At first, the relationship of linear or non-linear between dependent X and independent Y in original data can be distinguished by scatter diagram which can be made through Excel software.

方法通过利用Excel可绘制散点图的功能，了解原始数据自变量X和因变量Y间的线性与非线性关系，并由自变量X和因变量Y的自然对数转换后的散点图的情况，决定采用何种曲线拟合。

Methods At first, the relationship of linear or non-linear between dependent X and independent Y in original data can be distinguished by scatter diagram which can be made through Excel software. The scatter diagram of log- arithmic transformation between dependent X and / or independent Y decides which curve to be fitted.

通过利用Excel可绘制散点图的功能，了解原始数据自变量X和因变量Y间的线性与非线性关系，并由自变量X和因变量Y的自然对数转换后的散点图的情况，决定采用何种曲线拟合。

It was supposed that the dynamic moving process of the stock price and the return was driven by Geometry Brownian Motion and the lognormal distribution respectively. Takinginto account the riskneutral environment, we got a closedform analytical formula for deferred arithmetic asian options by the method of Taylor expansion of the stochastic integral formula within the terminal payoff. Furthermore, with the series definition of the definite integral, we transferred the continuous problem into a discrete one which is simpleenough to figure out. Meanwhile we tested the accuracy of the formula with the Monte Carlo simulation as a benchmark and the result shows that the formula can be utilized to price the related financial derivatives.

在标的价格服从几何布朗运动、收益服从对数正态分布的前提下，通过风险中性定价原理，对到期损益中的随机积分进行任意次Taylor近似，并由级数定义将此连续问题离散化，给出了延期算术平均亚式期权封闭形式的解析定价公式，并与Monte Carlo模拟得到的价格作为标尺对得到的公式进行精确性检验，结果表明，所得公式可以应用到金融实务中对此类衍生品定价中。

For specific object searching, the amount of redundant information, which is acquired by uniform sampling sensor, will cost much computer time. The mapping between the retina of human eye and the striate cortex can be approximated by a log-polar coordinate mapping.

文中提出了一种基于对数极坐标映射的目标搜索方法，均匀取样的传感器所获得的像包含有许多相对特定目标搜索而言冗余的信息，对这些信息的处理往往要消耗许多时间。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。