对抗病

Wheat germplasm lines were obtained from the posterity of Aegilops tauschii-Triticum Carthlicum amphiploid, and analysis results showed that the 30 germplasm lines have many excellent characters, such as multi-tillers, multi-spikes per plant, good disease resistance, large ear, etc., they are very useful in genetic improvemert of wheat.

从粗山羊草与硬粒小麦合成的双二倍体后代中选育出30个种质系，对其鉴定结果表明，它们的分蘖力、单株穗数、抗病性、穗长等性状表现优异，具有重要利用价值。

Under the selection pressure of crude toxin filtration, three kinds of treatment methods and four kinds of phytotoxin concentrations were used to screen the blast-resistant callus phenylalanine, The result indicated that the crude toxin filtration inhibited evidently the callus induction, subculture and differentiation, with the increasing of the toxin concentration, the inhibiting getting enhanced.

以稻瘟病病原菌粗毒素提取液为选择压，对水稻进行抗病性筛选，结果表明：粗毒素提取液对水稻愈伤组织诱导、继代及分化有明显的抑制作用，抑制程度随毒素浓度提高而增强，且品种间差异显著。

All of these had shown that the induced resistance could be transmitted.Oligosaccharides had not shown any direct activity against Puccinia striifomis in vitro. This suggests that Oligosaccharides can elicit resistance to diseases of wheat, and are different from common pesticides.

不同浓度(25ppm、50ppm、100ppm)的5号提取物的体外抑菌试验表明，低聚糖对条锈菌没有明显的抑制作用，说明低聚糖不具有直接杀菌或抑菌作用，使小麦产生抗锈性的原因在于诱发寄主植物的抗病潜能，使植物本身产生对病原菌的抗性，这与普通杀菌剂显然不同。

Totally 78 clones which were up-regulated and putatively involved in the defense response of G. barbadense were identified and sequenced. Sequence similarity searches were performed with the Blastn and Blastx.

对78个在海岛棉的抗病反应中呈上升表达的克隆进行了测序并对测序结果去载体后在NCBI上利用 Blastn和Blastx进行序列相似性分析。

With the established protocol, we were able to show that silencing COI1, an essential key player in the jasmonic acid signaling pathway, led to increase of R. solanacearum proliferation in stembases and mid-stems of 'Hawaii 7996', a tomato cultivar with durable resistance to BW. Our study provides the first demonstration for a positive role of the JA signaling pathway in tomato resistance to BW, and notably, is inconsistent with the reports in Arabidopsis. The involvement and possible interplays of other known defense signaling pathways in the tomato BW-defense network to R. solanacearum are discussed.

利用本文建立之静默系统进行茉莉酸防御讯息传递途径关键基因COI1之静默，结果发现青枯病菌在番茄抗病品种'Hawaii 7996'茎基部及中段内的菌量显著增加，显示茉莉酸防御讯息传递途径在番茄对青枯病的防御机制中扮演正面角色，此发现与阿拉伯芥对青枯病的防御机制研究所知的相反；文中并讨论其他防御讯息传递途径可能如何共同参与番茄青枯病防御网络。

In this study, the author used a molecular marker SCW-37 that was specific for BYDV resistant gene Bdv2, and two molecular markers that were specific for powdery mildew resistant genes Pm13 and Pm21 to analyze 54 candidate plants. As a result, 1 plant pyramided Pm13+Pm21+ Bdv2 resistant genes, 1 plant pyramided Pm13+ Bdv2, 11 plants pyramided Pm21+ Bdvi, were selected for further breeding practice.

本研究利用黄矮病抗性基因Bdv2特异的SCAR标记SCW-37，及对白粉病抗性基因Pm13和Pm21特异的标记，对54株杂交回交后代进行扩增，检测选择到Pm13+Pm21+Bdv_2抗病优质材料1株1484-16；Pm13+Bdv_2一株1484-9；Pm21+Bdv_2基因聚合株11株。

In this research the character of anaerobic fermentation slurry's antiviral and insect prevention is profound exploited and the new powerful insecticide product are triturated, Which can decrease the pollution for using too much pesticide to vegetable, can release the hazard of human being survival and ecological environment for chemical pesticide pollution. So this research has important actual significance to eco-agriculture in China.

本文深层次探究厌氧发酵液产品并研究其抗病防虫特性，研制的高效新型杀虫剂产品，对减少蔬菜污染，缓冲化学农药对人类生存、生态环境危害的压力，发展中国生态农业具有重要的现实意义。

He passivation test of TMV in vitro shows that BABAs anti-TMV effect may largely depends on its induction of plant defence system rather than passives TMV directly.

MV的体外钝化试验验证了BABA并非直接作用于病毒，其表现出对病毒的防治效果很可能来源于其对植物的诱导抗病性作用。

The research progress on tomato late blight was summarized,including the character and race of Phytophthora infestans,mechanism of resistance,inheritance of resistance and resistance breeding.

本文综述了国内外对番茄晚疫病菌特征特性、生理小种以及番茄抗晚疫病机制、抗性遗传规律、抗病育种等方面的研究进展，并对当前生产和研究中存在的问题和今后研究方向进行讨论。

All these results suggest that the significant control efficacy of the COS against the tobacco brown spot be mainly due to induction and improvement of the activities of defensive enzymes in the tobacco plants, which enhance resistance of the tobacco plants against the brown spot.

以上结果说明，几丁寡糖对烟草赤星病有显著的控制效应，主要是通过诱导、提高烟草植株有关防御酶的活性从而增强烟草植株对赤星病的抗病性。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。