对位法

Next, the change of chip breaking performance of indexable inserts of PVD-coated, CVD-coated carbides and ceramal at obviously increasing of cutting speed, and each of cutting and chip breaker parameters effecting on chip breaking performance of commonly used indexable inserts have been studied experimentally.

首先提出了接触图形法和切屑折断性模糊估计等新的研究方法，然后对几种易于折断的切屑形状及断屑槽型进行了分析和概括，并对切削速度明显提高以后涂层及金属陶瓷刀片断屑性能的变化、各切削参数对常用可转位刀片断屑性能的影响进行了试验研究。

Evaluation index of industrial water pollution are defined based on industrial wastewater emission standards and the emphasis of water control, according to industrial water pollution emissions data of 31 provinces in China impact of water pollution is calculated by the improved entropy method, lead, cyanide and ammonia nitrogen are in the top three on the impact of water pollution, water pollutant index are divided into heavy metals index and composite index by variable cluster.

根据我国工业各行业的排放标准和水污染控制重点，确定了我国工业水污染状况评价指标，采用改进熵权法对我国31个省区工业水污染物的排放数据进行计算，得到工业废水中铅、氰化物、氮氨对水污染影响居于前三位，应用变量聚类将水污染物分成重金属指标和复合指标，通过熵值对全国各地区工业水污染总体状况、重金属指标、复合指标进行排序，得到东部、中部地区是我国工业水污染较严重地区，但两个地区工业水污染原因有较大区别。

Thirdly, a new type base isolation system, i. e., slide-limited friction base isolation system is presented in this paper. Based on this system, harmonic and subharmonic periodic response of S-LF subjected to harmonic motion is investigated by using Floquet theory. Dynamic response of sliding structure subjected to earthquake ground motion is calculated with a precise high order direct integration method, and the numerical results are presented in terms of maximum acceleration response spectra of supcrstructure and maximum sliding displacement response spectrum. By comparison with isolating effects of pure-friction base isolation system and resilient-friction base isolation system , it shows that the isolating characteristic of S-LF is superior to P-F and R-FBI. Through analyzing an engineering example, it is observed that the maximum inter-storey shear force and absolute acceleration of sliding structure to earthquake ground motion are very different from those of traditional structures.

提出了一种新型基础隔震模型，即带限位装置的摩擦隔震体系；基于此隔震模型，利用Floquet理论研究地面谐运动下S-LF结构的运动特性；并利用高精度的精细时程积分法，通过对地震作用下S-LF动力响应的计算，绘制了上部结构最大加速度反应谱和基底最大滑移量反应谱，并研究了各种结构参数对隔震的影响；通过与恢复力摩擦隔震系统和纯摩擦力滑移隔震系统的比较表明，S-LF的隔震性能优于P-F和R-FBI；对计算实例的分析发现，地震作用下S-LF结构的层间最大剪力和最大绝对加速度反应分布较一般传统结构有很大区别。

Dynamic response of sliding structure subjected to earthquake ground motion is calculated with a precise high order direct integration method, and the numerical results are presented in terms of maximum acceleration response spectra of supcrstructure and maximum sliding displacement response spectrum. By comparison with isolating effects of pure-friction base isolation system and resilient-friction base isolation system , it shows that the isolating characteristic of S-LF is superior to P-F and R-FBI. Through analyzing an engineering example, it is observed that the maximum inter-storey shear force and absolute acceleration of sliding structure to earthquake ground motion are very different from those of traditional structures.

提出了一种新型基础隔震模型，即带限位装置的摩擦隔震体系；基于此隔震模型，利用Floquet理论研究地面谐运动下S-LF结构的运动特性；并利用高精度的精细时程积分法，通过对地震作用下S-LF动力响应的计算，绘制了上部结构最大加速度反应谱和基底最大滑移量反应谱，并研究了各种结构参数对隔震的影响；通过与恢复力摩擦隔震系统和纯摩擦力滑移隔震系统的比较表明，S-LF的隔震性能优于P-F和R-FBI；对计算实例的分析发现，地震作用下S-LF结构的层间最大剪力和最大绝对加速度反应分布较一般传统结构有很大区别。

The short tandem repeats is a kind of DNA sequence formed repeatedly and connectively subjected to a core unit of several base pairs.The non-interfered multi-PCR was applied with 3 loci in the same reaction system.By using the technique of denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver stain,the allele frequencies distributions of 3loci:F13A01,FESFPS and vWA in 10 minority populations only resided in Yunnan Province:Bai,Dai,Achang,Jingpo,Deang,Lahu,Bulang,Hani,Pumi and Jino.A satisfactory result was obtained and some significant genetic differences were noticed in different populations.

短串联重复序列是由几个碱基对作为核心单位串联重复形成的-类DNA序列，应用3个位点在同一反应体系中进行互不干扰的多重PCR，采用高分辨力的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离、银染法显影技术，对云南省特有的白族、傣族、阿昌族、景颇族、德昂族、拉族、布朗族、哈尼族、普米族和基诺族等10个少数民族的F13AO1、FESFPS和vWA3个位点等位基因的基因频率分布进行了调查，获得了满意的结果，在不同群体中发现一些有意义的遗传差异。

The transient air gap magnetic fields under different conditions are also calculated and analyzed. The novel finite element method directly using magnetic induction as unknown variable has many advantage. It is analyzed theoretically in detail. Nonlinear eddy current field equations and finite element equations using magnetic induction as unknown variable are developed.

直线电机的磁场是一非均匀、非线性的涡流场，文中对非均匀磁场及材料的非线性进行了分析，提出了相应的解决办法，采用以向量磁位为求解量的传统有限元法，对不同合闸角下筒式复合次级圆筒型直线感应电机的瞬态特性进行了计算与试验分析，对不同条件下瞬态气隙磁场进行了研究。

The interpolate algorithms of three-order NURBS curve and double three-orders NURBS surface are presented. The expressions of partial derivative and normal curvature of NURBS surface are derived by the theory of differential geometry. The geometric characteristics of different curvature area of the free-form surfaces are analyzed in detail. All these work lays a theoretical foundation for constructing the cutter location calculating model of free-form surfaces NC machining. 2 On the basis of analyzing the methods of cutter path generation, the standard of evaluating the various methods of cutter path generation is presented. The method of generating cutter path with constant scallop height is presented for the first time.

本文以提高复杂曲面多坐标数控加工精度和加工效率为目的，在对国内外研究现状进行深入分析的基础上，对数控编程中各环节的关键技术问题进行了深入研究，主要内容包括以下几方面： 1 分析了复杂曲面各种造型方法的优缺点，给出了根据各种边界条件所确定自由曲面的NURBS表示方法以及三次NURBS曲线曲面反算算法；用微分几何理论推导了NURBS曲面的偏导矢及法曲率计算表达式；对曲面不同曲率特性区域的几何特征进行了深入分析，为建立复杂曲面的数控加工刀位计算模型奠定了理论基础。

The performance and mechanism of corrosion inhibitions of POCA were studied bymethods such as weight-loss, electrochemistry, EDS, XPS and quantum chemistry. It isfound that POCA is cathodic corrosion inhibitor, having synergistic effect with HEDP andZn~(2+). The P and O atoms of phosphono have important electron density contribution toHOMO orbital and the electron gross orbital population is bigger than 1, so it is easy toform absorbing location between phosphono and metal resulting in good corrosioninhibition on mild steel.

通过利用失重法、电化学方法、扫描电镜、X光电子能谱、X-射线能谱和量子化学方法研究膦酰基羧酸的缓蚀性能及其机理，发现POCA是一种阴极型缓蚀剂，与HEDP、Zn~(2+)具有优良的协同增效作用；POCA分子中的膦酰基基团的P原子和O原子对HOMO轨道电荷密度贡献较大，且其轨道电子布居数均大于1，因此比较容易通过膦基与金属形成吸附位而对碳钢具有良好的缓蚀作用；对铜合金具有一定的腐蚀作用，但腐蚀作用比HEDP等有机膦药剂要小得多，同时与BTA具有优良的相容性，添加1mg／L的BTA则可以有效地防止铜合金的腐蚀。

The second, make sure the right of privacy and power, other rights to apply the principle: Namely be principle, power towards power proceed strict system roughly, had match comparison principle (aptness principle, necessity principle with comparison principle) that when the right of privacy and power take place to conflict, can have the initiative to apply with the rights basis, and cannot breach the relevant entity method with the provision of the procedure method; When the right of privacy conflict with the other rights occurrence, on the equal foundation of rights, make use of the basic value for method for background for row preface for rights for rank principle with benefits measuring and rights moderating the principle make suring have the initiativing the suitable for use, namely advancedly act liking the right of quality with rights row preface, the former is a kind of law ruling, having the stable legal effect, the latter then having the palliation with individual, by the of the right of conflict representing of preface and worth an of scene row the freedom, justice, order with general value equal, the efficiency, benefits is one by one in order preface suit

第二，确定权力与其他权利是否侵犯隐私权的标准：即以权利本位的理念，对权力进行严格制约，只有符合比例原则(适当性原则、必要性原则和比例性原则)的权力才不构成侵权，并不得违反有关实体法和程序法的规定；在权利平等的基础上，利用情景排序及价值位阶原则和利益衡量及权利协调原则确定其他权利是否构成侵权，即先进行同质权利的排序和权利的背景排序，前者是一种法律规定，具有稳定的法律效力，后者则具有暂时性和个体性，按权利所代表的法的基本价值和一般价值依次序适用。一般价值的适用次序，则根据具体情况，按利益衡量、权利协调的原则确定，使个案的解决能够适当兼顾双方的利益。第三，确定隐私权的内容，采用列举式和概括式的方法对侵犯隐私权的行为予以具体化，并规定排除侵权的例外，包括正当业务行为，权利人的承诺及推定承诺行为，契约行为，自弃行为及自救行为。第四，对科学技术发展和国际政治经济变化引发的隐私权保护问题予以充分重视，以制度化、法律化解决问题。

When the oil level in the lower casing reaches the intermediate mark in the oil window (not stop feeding oil to the gear reducer from filter press), startup oil pump in the lubricating station to feed oil to lower casing. In order to assess the oil level in the upper casing, it is allowed to remove the plug screw of observation hole at thrust bearing oil sump in the upper casing.

较为方便的方法是拆除减速机箱体中分面法兰上的呼吸器，利用其安装孔对减速机下箱体进行加油，当减速机下箱中的油位到达后油窗中间刻线时（不停止滤油机对减速机的加油），可以启动润滑站油泵对减速机上箱体进行加油。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。