对

The thesis can be divided into five parts as follows: First, the structural characteristics of finned-pipe evaporator are analyzed. After selecting suitable microelement controller, the heat-transfer and mass-transfer processes are analyzed for every microelement under the conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness. Based on previous equations, some parameters of frostiness are confirmed and the frost-growing model is set up under frost condition. Some hypotheses are postulated and with the help of the equation of mass-conservation, energy-conservation and momentum-conservation, the evaporation model which fits in the dynamic simulation is built, which set a solid foundation for system simulation. Second, the starting and stopping behaviors under disturbed condition are analyzed and calculated by using the dynamic concentrative parameter model, which gives some advice to better prescribe refrigeration system and set theoretic foundation for carrying out automatic control of refrigeration system. Third, the normal running process is analyzed and calculated by means of rational matching theory, which gives some advice on how to better understand the parameter change under steady state and the affection of inlet-parameter on evaporator. Fourth, the simulation software with dynamic characteristic is designed, which can be applied to calculate thernio-parameter of cryogen, air humidity and frost thickness under different initial and boundary conditions, and to carry out dynamic simulation under conditions of dryness, wetness and frostiness, at the same time, to achieve detection and simulation at any stage from starting to stopping.

本文的主要内容如下：1对翅片管蒸发器结构特点进行分析，选取适当的微元控制体，就干、湿和霜工况下对每个微元分别进行传热传质分析，基于经验关系式确定霜的有关参数，对于霜工况下的霜生长建立模型，经适当假设，运用质量守恒、能量守恒和动量守恒方程建立适合动态仿真的蒸发器数学模型，为系统仿真奠定基础； 2对蒸发在大扰动下的开、停机过程，运用动态集中参数模型进行分析和计算，为更好地描述制冷系统运行的全过程奠定基础，同时也为制冷系统实现自动控制提供一定的理论基础； 3对蒸发器正常运行过程，运用动态分布参数和参数间定量耦合的观点来分析和计算，为更好地了解稳态工况下各点参数的变化情况及各入口参数对蒸发器动态特性的影响即蒸发器性能对各参数变化的敏感性； 4编写翅片管蒸发器动态特性仿真计算程序，可以计算不同边界条件和初始条件下的制冷剂热力参数、空气温湿度和霜厚度分布场，实现对翅片管蒸发器在干、湿和霜工况下的动态仿真。

First, select four kinds of main risks source from bigly celebrate the main risk in region source, namely the flood, drought, sand-dust weather and petroleum pollution accident, etc. According to the different a request for to habitat, study this 19 kinds of landscapes ecosystem type of the Regional induce for 7 kinds of ecosystems system: Then the marsh of bulrush, lakes and reservoirs , salt alkali wasteland, prairie, island form wood, farmland, town. The difference is proceeded by characteristic according to each type ecosystem to the analysis of four kinds of main risks source, including the certain risk all rate, delimiting the space distribute, analyzing the risk strength to the receptor etc. At proceed the revelation the different from endanger to analyze the inside, this text borrows ecosystem index number that this index sign to reflect primarily habitat the ecosystem meaning of the type of habitat the different from position, with weak an index number to show the destructibility of the habitat, from but compute each ecosystem that is lost by ecosystem system an index number.

首先，从大庆地区主要的风险源中遴选出四种主要的风险源，即洪涝、干旱、沙尘天气和石油污染等；依据不同生物类群对生境的要求，将本研究区域的19种景观生态类型归纳为7种生态系统：即芦苇沼泽、湖泡库渠、盐碱荒地、草甸草原、岛状林、农田、城镇；对四种主要风险源的进行分析，包括确定风险概率，划定空间分布，对风险受体的作用强度分析等；在进行暴露和危害分析中，本文主要借生态指数这一指标来反映不同生境类型的生态意义和地位，以脆弱度指数来体现不同生境的易损性，从而计算出各受体生态系统的生态损失度指数；由于各主要风险物质对风险受体的作用强度是不同的，对形成区域性生态风险的作用大小也有差异，因此本文采用层次分析法对主要生态风险物质进行综合评价，并把判断矩阵排序权值的合理计算问题归为—非线性化问题，并提出用基于遗传算法(GA[5])的层次分析模型进行权重分析；进行风险表征，即综合前面两个阶段的信息，对环境中风险的性质和强度以及风险评价过程中不确定性问题进行分析与描述，并划分出五级生态风险区；最后，根据划分的五级生态风险区的特征，分别提出针对各生态风险区的生态风险管理对策。

First, the orthogonal test is conducted, and the results show that slurry concentration and momentum driftage of oxidic atmosphere has a great influence on both grain size and concentration distributions; agitated manner has little influence on either grain size and concentration distributions; agitated power has little influence on concentration distribution, but has a great influence on grain size distribution.

首先用正交试验组织了试验研究，并采用直观分析法和方差分析法对正交试验结果进行了分析，发现浆液浓度对沿浆池高度气液固三相的浓度分布不均匀性有特别显著性影响，对颗粒粒度分布不均匀性有显著性影响；浆池内氧化气体的动量流率对沿浆池高度气液固三相的浓度分布不均匀性和颗粒粒度分布不均匀性有特别显著性影响；搅拌方式对沿浆池高度气液固三相的浓度分布不均匀性和颗粒粒度分布不均匀性影响不大；搅拌功率对沿浆池高度气液固三相的浓度分布不均匀性影响不大，而对颗粒粒度分布不均匀性有显著影响。

This dissertation studies Beijing Nongmingong's Mandarin attitude from five points, including their evaluation of Mandarin, psychological receptive degree of using Mandarin, degree of difficulty in learning Mandarin, expectative degree for their Mandarin competence, and expectative degree for their children's leaning of Mandarin. This part also studies Beijing Nongmingong's dialect attitude from two points: their evaluation of dialect and expectative degree of preserving their children's dialect.

从在京农民工"对普通话的主观评价、说普通话的心理接受程度、学习普通话的难易感受、对自身普通话水平的期望程度和对子女会说普通话的期望程度"五个角度，展示了在京农民工对普通话的态度；从在京农民工"对家乡话的评价、对子女保持家乡话的期望程度"两个角度，展示了在京农民工对家乡话的态度。

There is no significouldt variation between the function of Method 1 and 3 in the indexes of digestive and absorptive function,except the effect on body weight and food intake;as well,model 2 shows no significouldt influence on the indexes besides body weight lose.1.4 ConclusionsContrast the three modeling methods,model 3 is the most obvious and steady method for the establishment of deficiency of spleen YANG.2 comparison on the efficacy of Lizhong Pills influenced by dried ginger and its different components on digestive and absorptive functions and energy metabolism2.1 ObjectivesThis research was designed to observed the different influences of Lizhong Pills formula on the models,which contains dried ginger or its main group of components(volatile oil and water solubles).It would be explored from two levels of material base,single herb dried ginger or its different components,to confirm that the whole effects of Lizhong Pills do mainly depend on its main herb dried ginger in the formula just as the traditional acknowledgement in TCM.Further more,the connotative meaning of dried ginger used as the main herb in Lizhong Pills egthe aspect of pharmacology and chemistry would be preliminary revealed.2.2 MethodsEach group of model rats of deficiency of spleen-YANG were to be duplicated by method 3 for 14 days,and be treated by corresponding drug samples for 8 days.

造模方法1对消化吸收相关药理指标的改变与造模方法3的影响相似，但对模型动物的体重和食量的影响不明显；造模方法2除能使模型动物的体重减轻外，对其他各指标均无显著影响。1.4结论对比实验采用的三种石膏-知母的给药方法，方法3的造模效果最为显著和稳定，即以每日灌胃给药，连续12天，恢复9天，是本实验证实的最有效的脾阳虚证候模型制备方法。2干姜及其不同有效部位对理中丸消化吸收功能及代谢的影响2.1目的通过对理中丸中君药干姜，以及干姜中挥发性成分和水溶性成分对理中丸主要功效影响的研究，从药味和化学成分群两个层次，证实君药干姜及干姜中的主要活性成分群对理中丸整体功效的决定性影响，以初步揭示理中丸中君药核心地位的药理学和化学内涵。2.2方法采用石膏-知母复合造模法制备大鼠脾阳虚证候模型，造模期为14天1；治疗期间各给药组分别给予治疗药物，连续给药8天。

A device and method for preparing compound nano fiber endless tow, which contains feeding material liquid to pair of electric spinning nozzle on frame, each nozzle respectively applied with high dc voltage with opposite polarity, each pair of nozzle jetting out nano fiber with opposite electric charge, said nano fiber attracting and colliding each other to form compound nano fiber, then forming nano fiber endless tow after drawing and stretching, the first opposite set pair of electric spinning nozzle jetted compound nano fiber endless tow is stretched down and used as acceptor which covered by the nano fiber jetted by second pair of nozzle an d forming two layers of compound nano fiber endless tow after drawing and stretching, in turn to get multilayer compound nano fiber endless tow after drawing and stretching by godet roller.

复合纳米纤维长丝束制备装置及其制备方法是一种简单、高效电纺制备纳米纤维长丝束的方法，其步骤为将料液输送给支架(3)上的电纺喷头对(1)；喷口相向的电纺喷头对(1)的每个喷头分别施加相反极性的直流高电压；每对相向喷口喷出分别带相反电荷的纳米纤维，并在空中相互吸引、碰撞形成复合纳米纤维，经牵引、拉伸后形成复合纳米纤维长丝束；第一对相向放置的电纺喷头纺丝形成的复合纳米纤维长丝束向下拉伸，并作为接受体与第二对电纺喷头喷出的分别带相反电荷并相互吸引的纳米纤维在空中相遇，被第二对电纺喷头喷出的纳米纤维包裹，经牵引、拉伸后形成两层复合纳米纤维长丝束；依次类推，最后经导丝辊对(2)牵引、拉伸后得到多层复合纳米纤维长丝束。

Finally, it analyses the time complexity of the algorithm and researches how it is influenced by culture operator.3、The paper presents the evaluation standard of the GA's application capability. Basing on characters such as continuity, multi-peak, vibration, randomicity as well as large-scale, five functions are selected to test search ability and robustcity of co-evolution algorithm. Finally, it analyses the simulation result and researches the influence of algorithm brought by culture operators.4、Basing on the concept of collection overcast, it researches the task distribution issue and constitutes delaminated math model on task distribution issue. It puts out the co-evolution algorithm of subtask's decomposing. The experiment compare IGA、SGA to CN and validates the efficiency of co-evolution algorithm on the NP completeness issue.5、Being aim at the optimization issue of load of antenna near ground, it combines many GA strategies and puts forward strategic meme. And it puts out co-evolution algorithm of load of antenna design. And it emulates the optimization design of load of antenna near ground. Finally, it valuates the co-evolution algorithm's efficiency on the continuum search issues of multi-variable and multi-peak value.6、Being aiming at the knowledge of image model matching, it adopts single meme and real code. It puts out fast co-evolution matching algorithm strategy. Basing on NPROD resemble measurement, I emulate the indiscrimination model matching and discrimination model matching. Finally, it valuates the co-evolution algorithm's efficiency on the real code and real time search issue.

分析了算法的时间复杂度，研究了文化算子对算法时间复杂度的影响。3、提出了GA的应用性能评价标准，从连续性、多峰性、随机性、振荡性、广域性多个角度出发选择五个测试函数，对共同进化算法的搜索性能和鲁棒性作了函数优化的性能测试，分析了仿真结果，研究了文化算子对算法的影响。4、基于集覆盖的概念，研究了MAS中的任务分配问题，建立了任务分配问题的分层数学模型，给出了子任务分解共同进化算法，实验比较了IGA、SGA、CN，验证了共同进化算法对NP完全问题的有效性。5、针对近地天线加载优化设计问题，结合多种改进GA策略，提出了策略型拟子，给出天线加载设计的共同进化算法，对有耗半空间对称偶极子天线加载优化设计作了仿真实验，验证了共同进化算法对多变量多峰连续搜索问题上的有效性。6、针对图像模板匹配问题的领域知识，采用单类拟子和实数编码，给出快速共同进化匹配算法策略，基于NPROD相似度测度，仿真试验了无差别和有差别模板匹配，验证了共同进化算法对实数编码和实时性搜索问题上的有效性。

Used the GA to Jingo three point, we have treated 60 cases CS patient, healed 22 cases, obvious effects 21 cases, effects 13 cases, no effects 4 cases, whole effects rate is 93. 33%, GA group's therapeutic effects is significance better than that of controlled group, we measure CS patient's pain by the Shortform McGill Questionnaire, found that GA has a better effects of analgesia than that of contraction, GA can stop pain in three course. After analysis the relationship between age and clinical therapeutic effects, we found that both of the two therapeutic method have a good effects for the young, but a bad effects for the old.

应用电针颈三针为主，配以辨证取穴，经治60例CS患者，痊愈22例，显效21例，有效13例，无效4例，总有效率93.33％，疗效显著优于牵引对照组；应用简化McGill疼痛询问量表，对CS患者疼痛进行客观量化，发现经三个疗程的治疗，电针组对疼痛的改善明显优于对照组，电针组三个疗程对疼痛均有显著改善，第一疗程对疼痛的改善显著优于对照组；经过对两组病例不同年龄段与疗效的关系分析，发现两种疗法均是对年轻者疗效显著，对年老者疗效较差。

Both the medical field and the DOH misconceive the prevention and treatment issue; misunderstand the cost/benefit ratio of epidemiological studies on clinical trials, neglect the reminding of women掇 organization; bypass the study of gender analysis and women掇 health; lack the monitoring of the medical ethic, and neglect its basic duty.

本文以历史脉络厘清为何在2002年七月美国国家卫生研究院会停止原本预定十三年目前才进行到第八年的长期追踪研究，表示美国公共卫生与医学界对HRT药物实验的认真与用心，强调药物只适合用於短期治疗而非长期预防用，也看到民间妇女团体和女性主义学者在监督药物不使之滥用的贡献；以此反观国内反应，显示出我国医界或部分卫生署官员对公共卫生流行病学调查的不了解，对相对风险观念的不明白，以及对预防医学的误解，对健康促进的不重视，对妇女团体的排斥，对性别分析和妇女健康的忽视，更缺少药物伦理的监督，也轻忽卫生署应有的职责。

In this topic, the dynamic analysis methods for piezoelectric vibrator are studied systematically based on the theoretical model, FEM numerical experimentation and FEM governing equation for given compound-mode vibrator, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. The main work accomplished is summarized as follows: 1.Elaborate the main modeling methods for piezoelectric vibrator and the significance and necessity to study the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator which emphasize the urgency of this paper. 2.Take the bending deformation induced by piezoelectric ceramic as example, the energy transfer mechanism of electric energy to mechanical energy are analyzed; the motion and force transfer mechanism are analyzed for the longitudinal-bending vibrator. 3.Based on mode assumption and Hamilton principle, the coupling model of piezoelectric vibrator of linear USM is built; moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained and a coupling equation represents the relation between electric parameters and mechanical parameters is derived which provides foundation to match the vibrator and driving circuit. 4.Combine the constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic with elastic-dynamical equation, geometric equation in force field and the Maxwell equation in electric field and the corresponding boundary condition equation, the FEM control equation for piezoelectric vibrator of USM to solve dynamic electro-mechanical coupling field is established by employing the principle of virtual displacement. The equation lays the foundation to study the non-linear constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic driven by high-power. 5.Define the dynamic indexes of characteristic of vibrator and carry out variable parameters simulation by calculating the model parameters and the electric characteristics of vibrator are simulated according to the equivalent circuit model. By numerical experimentation, the working mode of vibration of vibrator and the shock excitation results of the working frequency band which provides the mode frequency to realize bimodal are analyzed. Detailed calculation of the electro-mechanical coupling field parameters is made by programming the FEM control equation.

本课题从理论模型、有限元数值试验、有限元控制模型等方面以复合振动模式振子为例对超声电机压电振子的动力学特性及其分析方法进行了全面系统地研究，得出了许多有价值的结论，主要概括如下： 1、阐述了目前针对超声电机压电振子的主要建模方法，对压电振子动态特性的研究意义和必要性进行了论述，突出了本文研究内容的迫切性； 2、以压电陶瓷诱发弹性体发生弯曲变形为例，分析了压电陶瓷通过诱发应变来实现机电能量转换的机理；对基于纵弯模式的压电振子的运动及动力传递机理进行了分析； 3、基于模态假定，利用分析动力学的Hamilton原理，建立了面向直线超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型，并据此建立了压电振子的等效电路模型，导出了电参量与动力学特性参量的耦合方程，为压电振子与驱动电路的匹配提供了依据； 4、从压电陶瓷的本构方程出发，综合力场的弹性动力学方程、几何方程、电场的麦克斯韦方程以及相应的边界条件方程，采用虚位移原理，建立了压电振子动态问题机电耦合场求解的有限元控制方程，为研究其大功率驱动下的非线性本构模型奠定了基础； 5、界定压电振子的动力学特性指标，对压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型参数进行计算及变参数仿真；依据等效电路模型，对压电振子的电学特性进行了仿真分析；通过有限元数值实验，对压电振子工作模态附近的模态振型及工作频率附近的频段进行了激振效果分析，找出了实现模态简并的激振频率；利用有限元控制方程，通过编程计算，对压电振子的力电耦合场参数进行了详细计算，得出了一些有价值的结论。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。