对

On the basis of summarizing separation method of acetic acid-water system, we studied the azeotropic distillation process of acetic acid-water system, selecting butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isopropyl acetate as entrainers. The influence of packing height, ratio of water to entrainer and acetic acid initial concentration to separation effect of azeotropic distillation was studied in detail. Simulation calculations of general distillation and azeotropic distillation were carried out. The influence of reflux ratio, theoretical plate, feed position, feed temperature and feed concentration to distillation process were discussed. Preferred process operation parameter, which had guiding meaning to practical production of distillation process were obtained. Basic data for the process amplifying design of azeotropic distillation tower were provided. Invest and operation energy consumption of two distillation methods were compared. The elementary technical design of azeotropic distillation tower was carried out on the basis of result of simulation calculation. The type of major auxiliary equipments and inner parts of packed tower were selected.The research results are as follows:(1) Butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate and isopropyl acetate could be selected as entrainer, and separation effect was near.

本文在综述醋酸-水体系分离方法的基础上，以醋酸丁酯、醋酸异丁酯、醋酸异丙酯为挟带剂，对醋酸水溶液进行共沸精馏过程研究，详细研究了填料高度、水与挟带剂的配比、醋酸初始浓度等对共沸精馏分离效果的影响；对醋酸-水体系进行普通精馏和共沸精馏过程模拟计算，讨论了回流比、理论板、进料位置、进料温度和浓度对精馏过程的影响，获得了对醋酸-水体系精馏过程实际生产具有指导意义的较佳的工艺操作参数、共沸精馏塔的工艺设计放大的基础数据，并对两种精馏方法的投资、操作能耗进行了比较；同时在共沸精馏模拟计算的基础上进行了共沸精馏塔的初步工艺设计计算，并对填料塔的主要辅助设备及塔内件进行了初步选型。

The affects of crystal absorption for heat radiation on crystal growth,which include:the heat loss of the hot grower,the chara cteristic of temperature time of crystal growth,the pattern of fluid flow and the shape of interface,the interface inversion of crystal,the temperature distribution and the thermal stress distribution,are reviewed in this paper.

本文综述了晶体对熔体热辐射吸收对晶体生长的影响，包括对热腔热耗散的影响；对晶体生长温度时间特性的影响；对液流形态和固液界面形状的影响；对晶体界面反转的影响；对晶体中温度分布和应力分布的影响。

TDA4864 Pinout: 8- to 32-bit and 16- to 32-bit word packing options Programmable wait state options: 2 to 31 CCLK Digital audio interface includes six serial ports, two pre- cision clock generators, an input data port, three programmable timers and a signal routing unit Serial ports provide: Six dual data line serial ports that operate at up to 50 Mbits/s for a 200 MHz core on each data line each has a clock, frame sync, and two data lines that can be configured as either a receiver or transmitter pair Left-justified sample pair and I2S support, programmable direction for up to 24 simultaneous receive or transmit channels using two I2S compatible stereo devices per serial port TDM support for telecommunications interfaces including 128 TDM channel support for telephony interfaces such as H.100/H.110 Up to 12 TDM stream support, each with 128 channels per frame Companding selection on a per channel basis in TDM mode Input data port provides an additional input path to the DSP core configurable as either eight channels of I2S or serial data or as seven channels plus a single 20-bit wide syn- chronous parallel data acquisition port Supports receive audio channel data in I2S, left-justified sample pair, or right-justified mode Signal routing unit provides configurable and flexible connections between all DAI components, six serial ports, an input data port, two precision clock generators, three timers, 10 interrupts, six flag inputs, six flag outputs, and 20 SRU I/O pins Serial peripheral interface Master or slave serial boot through SPI Full-duplex operation Master-slave mode multimaster support Open drain outputs Programmable baud rates, clock polarities, and phases 3 Muxed Flag/IRQ lines 1 Muxed Flag/Timer expired line ROM based security features: JTAG access to memory permitted with a 64-bit key Protected memory regions that can be assigned to limit access under program control to sensitive code PLL has a wide variety of software and hardware multi- plier/divider ratios JTAG background telemetry for enhanced emulation features IEEE 1149.1 JTAG standard test access port and on-chip emulation Dual voltage: 3.3 V I/O, 1.2 V core Available in 136-ball BGA and 144-lead LQFP packages Lead free packages are also available

TDA4864引脚说明： 8 - 32位和16 - 32位字包装选择可编程等待状态的选择：2至31个CCLK数字音频接口包括6个串行端口，两个前643时钟发生器，输入数据端口， 3可编程定时器和一个信号路由单元串行端口提供：六双串口数据线，在高达50 Mbps的操作/为200兆赫的每个数据行每个人都有一个时钟，帧同步的核心秒，和两个数据可以作为任何一个接收器或发射器对左对齐和I2S样本对支持，最多可同时接收或传送24个频道，每使用两个系列的I2S兼容立体声设备配置可编程方向线；港口的TDM通信接口，包括支持128个电话接口的TDM的渠道，如H.100/H.110支持多达12个的TDM流的支持下，每帧128个频道每个压缩扩展每通道的基础上选择在TDM模式输入数据端口提供了一个额外的输入路径的DSP核心配置为I2S或串行数据或7加一个20位宽的SYN -异步的并行数据采集接口通道或8通道；支持接收通道I2S音频数据，左对齐样本对，或右对齐模式信号路由单元组件之间提供所有戴配置和灵活的连接，6个串行端口，一个输入数据端口，两个精密时钟发生器，3个定时器，10个中断，六旗投入，产出6个旗，20曼谷南南区域股的I / O管脚串行外设接口的硕士或奴隶通过SPI串行启动全双工运作主从模式多主机支持开漏输出可编程波特率，时钟极性和第三期合并调制旗/ IRQ线路1合并调制旗/定时器过期线光盘的防伪特征：JTAG的访问与64位受保护的关键允许内存内存可分配给程序访问控制的限制下对敏感地区有一个代码锁相环/分比率背景遥测的JTAG仿真功能增强的IEEE 1149.1 JTAG标准测试访问端口软件和硬件多钳各种各样和片上仿真双电压：3.3六/输出，可在1.2 V核心136球BGA封装和144引脚LQFP封装无铅封装，也可

The endurance abilities of the embryos of sea perch, flounder and turbot at different developing stages to vitrification solutions were studied. The result showed that sea perch at tail-bud stage, heart-beating stage and pre-hatching stage had more endurance abilities to VSD2, flounder at 4-5 somites, 16-20 somites and tail-bud stage had more endurance abilities to PM3, and turbot at 4-5 somites, 16-20 somites and tail-bud stage had more endurance abilities to PMP1. The feasible equilibration time of three marine fish embryos in vitrification solutions was determined, which guided the dealing process before freezing.

对花鲈、牙鲆、大菱鲆三种鱼类不同时期胚胎分别在玻璃化液中的适应性进行了研究，发现花鲈尾芽胚、心跳胚和出膜前期胚对VSD2的耐受能力较强；牙鲆4-5以肌节胚、16-20对肌节胚、尾芽胚对PM3的耐受能力较强，大菱鲆4—5对肌节胚、16—20对肌节胚、尾芽胚对PMP1的耐受能力较强，较适合于进行玻璃化液处理和冷冻保存；并且确定了三种鱼类各时期的胚胎在玻璃化液中的适宜平衡时间，为胚胎在玻璃化液中处理和冷冻提供了一定的参数。

For each strategy, a corresponding exploitation plan of groundwater was designed. Then each designed exploitation plan (except scheme 3) was put into the model for calculation and simulation. The analysis on the forecasting results every plan indicates that:(1) Shuting down the self-provided wells is the most direct and effective method, playing an important role in the land subsidence prevention.(2) The resumption of compressed soil by groundwater artificial recharge is limited. So the artificial recharge can\'t provide essential effect for the resumption of land subsidence, unless the artificial recharge is much more than the groundwater withdrawal.(3) The method of "adjusting the exploitation stratum of groundwater to the shallow" has an obvious effect on the land subsidence prevention.(4)"Sand wells" can increase the leakage recharge for confined aquifer, and thus can slow and prevent the development of the land subsidence.(5) For the groundwater exploitation in Xi\'an, emergency self-provided wells should be managed according to the well spacing of 1600m, 2000m and 1600m, respectively, in the river terrace area, alluvial-proluvial fan area and loess tableland area to exploit the first confined groundwater. Corresponding individual well yield can be set as 2500m~3/d, 1500 m~3/d and 200 m~3/d. Make emergency self-provided wells pump in the dry year and stop pumping groundwater to restore and conserve underground water sources in average years and wet years. In this way, groundwater withdrawal of 162000m~3/d can be obtained to provide for the supplement of water supply in Xi\'an. As a result, the water supply stress can be released in dry years. The groundwater depression formed in the exploiting year can resume in 3-4 years. At the same time, this exploitation manner will not lead to obvious land subsidence.

本文利用所建的模型预测了现状开采条件下未来20年的地下水位和地面沉降的变化，在此基础上，提出了防治西安市地面沉降的五个地下水开采方案，利用所建的地面沉降模型对各个设计方案其进行了模拟和预报，对预测结果的分析表明：①封停自备井是防治地面沉降最为直接和最有效的对策，对防治地面沉降起着最为积极的作用；②采用人工回灌方法使被压缩的土层得到的恢复是非常有限的，对地面沉降不能起到根治作用，只有回灌量明显大于开采量时才能有一定的效果；③&调整开采层次，在浅层取水&对防治地面沉降的效果十分明显；④布设&砂井&可以增加对承压含水层的越流补给量，从而可以有效地缓解和控制地面沉降的发生和发展；⑤对西安市的地下水开采，可在河流阶地区、冲洪积扇区和黄土塬区分别采用1600m、2000m、1600m的井间距布置应急自备井，分别采用2500m~3/d、1500 m~3/d和200 m~3/d的单井开采量，开采第一承压水，在平水年或者丰水年不开采，涵养地下水源，在枯水年启动这些应急自备井开采，在输出分析范围内共可获得162000 m~3/d(5913万m~3/a)开采量，可以有效地补充西安市的供水水源，缓解供水紧张局面，开采年开采导致的下降的水位可在停采3～4年后得到基本恢复，同时，这种开采方式不会造成大的地面沉降量。

From the analysis of automobile vibration sources and the human responses to vibration, a mechanic model of man-chair-vehicle system with 13 degrees of freedom is built by vibration pattern analyzing technology. Using the random vibration theory, the calculating methods are developed for parameters, including vibration pattern, transfer function, wheel transient load, and acceleration of seat, automobile ride quality simulation software is developed.

通过分析汽车振动源和人体对振动的反应，用模态综合技术，建立了十三自由度人－椅－车系统的动力学模型，运用随机振动理论，给出了振动形态、传递函数、悬架动挠度、车轮动载荷、座椅加速度等参量的计算方法，开发了一套&汽车平顺性仿真软件&并利用已有的汽车数据，对汽车行驶时的振动特性进行了仿真，得到了重要结论：发动机与轮胎刚度、阻尼，后桥阻尼对驾驶员座椅处的振动影响不大；驾驶员座椅的垂直刚度增加很大时，对垂直方向振动响应比较大；前桥刚度、阻尼对驾驶员座椅处的振动影响较大；前轮胎刚度对前桥振动影响较大，前轮胎刚度增加，则振动加强；后桥刚度对汽车平顺性有一定影响，后桥刚度减小，则座椅处垂直加速度减小。

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

Citées dans le Syllabus", Paris, 1865 and the encyclicals of Leo XIII of 20 January, 1888,"On Human Liberty"; of 21 April, 1878,"On the Evils of Modern Society"; of 28 December, 1878,"On the Sects of the Socialists, Communists, and Nihilists"; of 4 August, 1879,"On Christian Philosophy"; of 10 February, 1880,"On Matrimony"; of 29 July, 1881,"On the Origin of Civil Power"; of 20 April, 1884,"On Freemasonry"; of 1 November, 1885,"On the Christian State"; of 25 December, 1888,"On the Christian Life"; of 10 January, 1890,"On the Chief Duties of a Christian Citizen"; of 15 May, 1891,"On the Social Question"; of 20 January, 1894,"On the Importance of Unity in Faith and Union with the Church for the Preservation of the Moral Foundations of the State"; of 19 March, 1902,"On the Persecution of the Church all over the World.

citées dans乐提纲&，巴黎， 1865年）和通谕的利奥十三对1888年1月20日，&对人类自由&； 1878年4月21日，&对邪恶的现代社会&； 1878年12月28日，&关于教派的社会主义者，共产主义者，和nihilists &； 8月4日， 1879 ，&基督教哲学&； 1880年2月10日，&婚姻&； 1881年7月29日，&对原产地的民间力量&； 1884年4月20日，&对自由的&； 11月1日， 1885年，&基督教国家&； 1888年12月25日，&对基督徒的生活&； 1890年1月10日，&对行政的职责，一个基督徒公民&； 1891年5月15日，&关于社会问题&； 1894年1月20日，&团结的重要性，在信仰和联盟与教会为维护道德基础的国家&； 1902年3月19日，&关于迫害教会遍布世界各地。

Designing the system schematic diagram explained the work principle of the hydraulic pressure synthesized test platform; According to the design of hydraulic pump, hydraulic valve, drill tubing choice and the computation, determined the model and the size of the hydraulic pressure part; In order to improving the consummation system, this article also carried on to test the system pressure loss and temperature increment; In addition, through the system calorific capacity computation, completed to choose the heater and the chiller ; Through designing the belt transmission and the axis structural, this article completed to the design of pumping station.

通过对系统原理图的设计，说明了液压综合试验台的工作原理；根据对液压泵、液压阀、油管等液压元件的选择和计算，确定了所需液压元件的型号及尺寸；为了改进和完善系统，本文还对系统压力损失和发热温升进行了验算；此外，通过对系统发热量计算，完成了对加热器和冷却器的选择；通过对带传动设计和轴的结构设计、校核，完成了对泵站的设计。

Designing the system schematic diagram explained the work principleof the hydraulic pressure synthesized testplatform; According to the design of hydraulic pump, hydraulicvalve, drill tubing choice and the computation, determined themodel and the size of the hydraulic pressure part; In order toimproving the consummation system, this articlealso carried on to test the system pressure loss and temperatureincrement; In addition, through the system calorific capacitycomputation, completed to choose the heater and the chiller ;Through designing the belt transmission and the axis structural,this article completed to the design of pumping station.

通过对系统原理图的设计，说明了液压综合试验台的工作原理；根据对液压泵、液压阀、油管等液压元件的选择和计算，确定了所需液压元件的型号及尺寸；为了改进和完善系统，本文还对系统压力损失和发热温升进行了验算；此外，通过对系统发热量计算，完成了对加热器和冷却器的选择；通过对带传动设计和轴的结构设计、校核，完成了对泵站的设计。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。