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This article considers that the pre-schooler special-purpose school bus market potential is huge, after the analysis of the present situation of pre-schooler education in our country and pre-schooler school bus accidents in partial provinces and cities during 2005～2007. The security situation of school buses is unoptimistic. From the perspective of security, the complete form of the pre-schooler special-purpose school bus is reqestted on the basic of study of the school buses security measure in home and abroad. According to the statistical analysis of the human body size related to 3～6 year-old pre-schooler, the child chair's 6 main parameters, the passenger gate steps, and arm rest's size, as well as crossing control arm's mounting height and performance requirement have been determined. According to the present domestic and outside related standards to exports to the bus and school bus, the least quantities and most light-sized of the exports of school bus are proposed. According to the present domestic and outside standards to the request of driver's field of vision of bus and school bus, the essential requirements and inspection procedure of the field of vision of the pre-schooler special-purpose school bus are setted.

本文通过对我国学龄前儿童教育的现状和2005～2007年部分省市的学龄前儿童校车事故分析，认为学龄前儿童专用校车的市场潜力巨大，校车的安全形势不容乐观；在研究国内、外校车的安全措施基础上，从安全角度出发，对学龄前儿童专用校车提出了整车要求；根据对3～6岁学龄前儿童相关人体尺寸的统计分析，确定了学龄前儿童专用校车儿童座椅的6个主要参数、乘客门踏步和扶手的尺寸，以及横向控制臂的安装高度和性能要求；根据国内、外现行标准中对客车和校车出口的相关规定，提出了校车出口的最少数量和最小尺寸；按照国内、外现行标准中对客车和校车驾驶员的视野要求，提出了学龄前儿童专用校车驾驶员视野的基本要求和检验方法。

The thesis probes into Schoenberg' thinkings about music history, music nationalism, music education, music criticism, and music creation, respectively. There are some important viewpoints in Schoenberg's music thought: Firstly, Schoenberg's ideas of music history, he believes relationship of tradition and revolution in art is dialectical in nature, and argues that evolution in music was determined by natural law, obviously influenced by Hegel's philosophical history idea. Secondly, the thesis sums up his viewpoints of music nationalism, such as "lay stress on art music, look down on folk music","lay stress on western European music, look down on non- western European music" by Schoenberg's account about the reasons of the formation of national art, the dominant of national art and nationality in music; in fact, this viewpoint of western cultural centricity is one of his i mportant viewpoints throughout his life; Thirdly, Schoenberg's concept of music education: in his thought a composing teacher should teach the students how to master "the tool of art", train them for their ability of "one major and various kinds of techniques", try his best to nourish the student's personality; Fourthly, Schoenberg set forth some opinions about modern music critics and the method of music criticism: a music critic must be equipped with the quality of a music expert, and render composer's idea to the public by his art imagination, but not his personal opinion,and Schoenberg stress the areas of music criticism on style and idea ; Lastly, Schoenberg's concept of music creation: Expressionism and organism are two important issues in Schoenberg's thinking about music creation.

本文通过对勋伯格各类论文、书信、演讲、专著等文稿的评述，分别探讨了作为音乐思想家的勋柏格的音乐历史观、民族主义音乐观、音乐教育观、音乐批评观与音乐刨作观，并在此基础上总结了折射在勋柏格音乐思想中的几个重要观点：一，勋柏格对于音乐历史的认识：通过德奥音乐界前辈给予他的创作启示，以及勋伯格对自己几个创作阶段的发展历程的总结，阐述了他对于艺术中的传统与革新之间的关系的辩证认识，并通过这些问题总结出音乐的演进与黑格尔倡导的&历史发展必然性&哲学观念之间存在着必然联系；二，勋柏格的民族主义音乐观：通过勋柏格对于形成民族艺术特征的根本原因、民族艺术中的支配现象、民间音乐与艺术音乐之间的比较、音乐刨作中的&民族性&问题的意识等方面问题的剖析与认识，总结了他的&重艺术音乐，轻民间音乐&、&重西欧音乐，轻非西欧音乐&的观点，从而突出了他的精神领域中的根深蒂固的&德奥音乐中心论&，这是一个浸润着浓厚的西欧文化中心论色彩的观点，也是贯串他毕生的音乐思想的重要观点之一；三，勋柏格对音乐教育问题的见解：勋柏格认为作曲教师应该教会学生掌握&艺术的工具&、在教学中努力做到&一专多能&、注重个性培养；四，勋柏格对当代音乐批评家与音乐批评方法提出的要求：音乐批评家必须具备作为一名音乐家的专业修养，要以真实、客观的态度对待音乐批评这门神圣的职业，充分运用内心的艺术联想向公众再现作曲家的意图，而不是将个人见解强加于受众；同时，批评家需要对艺术的过去与未来拥有全面的了解与较准确的预测，在音乐批评的具体范畴中，应将重心角度置于探讨音乐作品的风格与思想之间的关系方面。

There are many serious misleading in how to apply the principle of "fraud exception", whereas, it is necessary to make a legal research on the principle of "fraud exception" in light of former researches. The article consists of two parts. In the first part, the author put emphasis on the principle of abstract independence, the definition, the establishment and development of the principle of fraud exception, the analysis of the fraud, the theory, the prerequisite and the procedure of apply the principle of "fraud exception" in order to establish the general principle and necessary procedure. In the second part, the author analysis the existing backward conditions oflegislation and judicial practice in China, and courts" attitude to the judicial remedy for the principle of " fraud exception", further, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to make the legislation on the principle of "fraud exception" perfect, and how to apply the procedure of judicial remedy for the principle of "fraud exception". Lastly, the author hopes that these suggestions could benefit to the judicial practice and the future legislation on the principle of "fraud exception.

我国在加入世界贸易组织后，按照国际惯例和国际公约处理国际贸易中的纠纷己成为一种必然趋势，鉴于我国法院对如何准确适用信用证欺诈例外原则存在着严重误区，使得在先前学者研究的基础上再一次研究欺诈例外原则很有必要，本文分两个部分，第一部分对信用证独立抽象原则、信用证欺诈例外原则的定义、确立与发展、对例外原则下欺诈的分析、理论基础、适用条件以及程序等六方面展开论述，从而确立信用证欺诈例外原则的一般原则和必要的程序：第二部分主要分析我国司法实践中信用证欺诈例外原则司法救济的立法以及司法现状，及法院对欺诈例外原则的态度，从而对如何完善我国法院欺诈例外原则的法律依据以及如何正确适用欺诈例外原则的司法救济程序提出一些构思，希望为欺诈例外原则在我国的司法实践以及为以后的相应立法提供有益的参考。

In this paper, based on the demand of enterprise, the design theory and method for blocking scheme of clamping fixture are further studied; the difference and similarity of under frame of railway freight wagon on structure and size are analyzed; the design system frame of blocking scheme for freight wagon under frame is constructed; the blocking design method for under frame assembly is generalized.

本文在企业需求的基础上，对夹具模块化方案设计理论和方法进行了深入的研究，大量分析了铁路货车底架组成在结构、尺寸上的差异及相似点，并对与之相对应的组对夹具进行了细致的研讨，构建了货车底架组对夹具模块化方案设计系统框架，总结出底架组对夹具的模块化设计方法。

The effect of the friction between rolls and ring can be ignored and the effect of the spread velocity of rolling on the deformation of ring is illustrated.

通过模拟分析比较，揭示出了环件轧制过程中的金属流动规律：轧制时，环件外侧的变形最大，厚向中心部位变形最小，内侧的变形程度介于中间；环件内外环面的压应力分布和变化规律：在垂直于环件轴线的对称面上，压应力分布近似对称状态，而且在对称面上的应力最大，往端面方向开始减小；指出了环件轧制中轧辊与环件摩擦对环件成形的影响：对于环件的宽展变形，摩擦的影响很小，可以忽略；分析了环件进给速度对环件成形的影响并阐述了环件厚向中心部位凹陷产生的原因，提出防止凹陷的措施：在轧制时，尽量使用快的进给速度有利于防止端面凹陷的产生；研究了导向辊位置对环件成形以及轧辊受力的影响：导向辊的位置对环件的宽展变形影响很小，但对轧辊的受力影响较大，当导向辊的中心位置位于毛坯初始中心位置之上时，驱动辊和芯辊的受力相对较小，这是导向辊导向时优先考虑的位置。

I soon found a way to convince him that I would do him no harm, and taking him up by the Hand laugh'd at him, and pointed to the Kid which I had kill'd, beckoned to him to run and fetch it, which he did; and while he was wondering and looking to see how the Creature was kill'd, I loaded my Gun again, and by and by I saw a great Fowl like a Hawk sit upon a Tree within Shot; so to let Friday understand a little what I would do, I call'd him to me again, pointed at the Fowl which was indeed a Parrot, tho' I thought it had been a Hawk, I say pointing to the Parrot, and to my Gun, and to the Ground under the Parrot, to let him see I would make it fall, I made him understand that I would shoot and kill that Bird; accordingly I fir'd and bad him look, and immediately he saw the Parrot fall, he stood like one frighted again, notwithstanding all I had said to him; and I found he was the more amaz'd, because he did not see me put any Thing into the Gun; but thought that there must be some wonderful Fund of Death and Destruction in that Thing, able to kill Man, Beast, Bird, or any Thing near, or far off; and the Astonishment this created in him was such, as could not wear off for a long Time; and I believe, if I would have let him, he would have worshipp'd me and my Gun: As for the Gun it self, he would not so much as touch it for several Days after; but would speak to it, and talk to it, as if it had answer'd him, when he was by himself; which, as I afterwards learn'd of him, was to desire it not to kill him.

其实，对星期五，我根本用不着采取任何防范措施。任何其他人都不可能有像星期五这样忠诚老实、听话可爱的仆人。他没有脾气，性格开朗，不怀鬼胎，对我又顺从又热心。他对我的感情，就像孩子对父亲的感情，一往情深。我可以说，无论何时何地，他都宁愿牺牲自己的生命来保护我。后来，他的许多表现都证明了这一点，并使我对此毫不怀疑。因此，我深信，对他我根本不用防备。

Chapter one said Sino-India bilateral economy and trade situation at present; Chapter two and three analysed China silk industry and India silk industry, what's more, compared both advantage and inferior position; chapter four introduces to us the silk anti-dumping situation and effect on silk export to India; Chapter five analysed basic reason and other reasons to Indian anti-dumping of our country.

本文第一章从中印当前双边经贸关系和印度近年来对华反倾销入手；第二、第三章随后分别对中国和印度茧丝绸行业现状进行分析，比较了双方的优劣势；第四章介绍了印度对我国丝类反倾销情况以及反倾销对中国向印度出口丝绸的影响；第五章分析了印度对我国反倾销的根本原因和其他原因。

On the basis of the roundly summing-up of the research on NSP inlands and overseas, the existed problems and developing trends are analyzed. The instructional meaning of estimating the annual load is higher than forecasting the load of sometime or some section. Aiming at the scarcity of data and the difficulties in building mechanism model, hydrological methods are used to calculate the annual load of NSP because the data needed in statistic methods is less. The NSP brought by livestock and poultry is also numbered and differentiated.

本文在对国内外非点源污染模型的研究进行较为全面的总结，分析存在的问题和发展趋势的基础上，针对非点源污染数据资料稀缺，机理模型难以建立而统计模型所需资料相对较易于获得，计算简便直观，并且在水环境规划管理中对年负荷量预测、估算的指导意义要大于对某一时点、某一断面的负荷量的模拟预测的情况，对非点源污染年负荷量估算时运用水文分析方法计算非点源污染年负荷量，并对畜禽养殖带来的非点源污染进行量化区分。

On the other hand,it is necessary to cut web page for the purpose of customization and reduction in surfing costs of PDA and mobile consumers.A new method of web page cutting mobile device oriented is proposed.First,structuring HTML documents.Second,converting HTML to DOM tree based on DOM criterion.Third,cutting and re-constructing web page based on content block and link block.A prototype system has been developed by open source project named HTMLParser.

就以上问题，提出一种面向移动设备网页切割的解决方案：首先对半结构化的HTML文档进行结构化处理，接着基于DOM规范将HTML转化为DOM树并对其噪音清洗，然后对网页进行基于内容和基于链接的分块并对分块结果按照分层和用户定制的思想进行切割、重构，最后在开源项目HTMLParser基础上开发了原型系统并对系统执行效率和切割效果进行了评估。

Firstly, the realizable ways of signal detection and sample、 power circuit and the application of low-consumption model of MSP430 are discussed, by which the required function of current protection and voltage protection can be realized. Secondly, different protection algorithm based on micro-computer are discussed in this article, and from the virtues and defects of Fourier algorithm, an improved algorithm is put forward, and the importance of the improved algorithm is displaced. Thirdly, according to the national standard of GB/T18858 .3-2002, the principle of networklization of intelligence trip relay and how to realize it are mentioned. Lastly, using the current conditions, the test of precision is done. The experimental date present that the system is working well and can realize the real-time function of on-line detection.

首先在硬件设计上，对于信号检测、处理、电源电路、MSP430系列单片机的低功耗方式应用以及人机接口电路等问题提出了实现方法，基本实现了大范围电流、电压信号实时监控等功能；其次，本文还对当前各种微机保护算法进行了介绍，分析了傅立叶算法在实现智能脱扣器保护功能中的优缺点，并针对傅立叶算法中计算偏于复杂的问题对该算法进行了改进，提出了基于FFT的改进算法，通过算法的分析和比较，对改进算法的性能给出了评价；然后结合我国现场总线国家标准GB/T18858.3-2002讨论了DeviceNet现场总线在实现脱扣器网络化的原理，实现方法，论述了通讯接口电路的设计；最后利用现有条件，对装置进行了性能测试，试验数据说明系统工作状态较好，可以满足低压配电网自动化对低压脱扣器的各项要求。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。