寰枢的

Results MPR and SSD techniques can acquire lots of important information:(1)rule out the diagnosis of fracture and dislocation and its type can be patient has been injured so badly that cannot take X-ray examination.(2)detect the secret fracture and missing fracture in X-ray examination because of overlap.(3)diagnose the missing transverse fracture in routine CT scan.(4)diagnose the atlantoaxial joint luxation without fracture.

结果 MSCT扫描MPR、SSD技术在寰枢椎外伤中可：(1)对于外伤后病情不适合拍平片者，MSCT能快速、准确地明确骨折、脱位的有无及其类型；(2)MSCT轴位扫描结合MPR能排除因平片结构重叠漏诊的骨折以及平片不易发现的隐匿骨折；(3)MPR对椎体发生的常规轴位扫描易漏诊的水平型骨折线能明确诊断；(4)对于没有骨折的寰枢关节半脱位能提供可靠的依据。

Results MPR and SSD techniques can acquire lots of important information:(1)rule out the diagnosis of fracture and dislocation and its type can be when patient has been injured so badly that cannot take X-ray examination.(2)detect the secret fracture and missing fracture in X-ray examination because of overlap.(3)diagnose the missing transverse fracture in routine CT scan.(4)diagnose the atlantoaxial joint luxation without fracture.

结果 MSCT扫描MPR、SSD技术在寰枢椎外伤中可：(1)对于外伤后病情不适合拍平片者，MSCT能快速、准确地明确骨折、脱位的有无及其类型；(2)MSCT轴位扫描结合MPR能排除因平片结构重叠漏诊的骨折以及平片不易发现的隐匿骨折；(3)MPR对椎体发生的常规轴位扫描易漏诊的水平型骨折线能明确诊断；(4)对于没有骨折的寰枢关节半脱位能提供可靠的依据。

Results MPR and SSD techniques can acquire lots of important information摘要:(1)rule out the diagnosis of fracture and dislocation and its type can be when patient has been injured so badly that cannot take X-ray examination.(2)detect the secret fracture and missing fracture in X-ray examination because of overlap.(3)diagnose the missing transverse fracture in routine CT scan.(4)diagnose the atlantoaxial joint luxation without fracture.

结果 MSCT扫描MPR、SSD技术在寰枢椎外伤中可摘要：(1)对于外伤后病情不适合拍平片者，MSCT能快速、准确地明确骨折、脱位的有无及其类型；(2)MSCT轴位扫描结合MPR能排除因平片结构重叠漏诊的骨折以及平片不易发现的隐匿骨折；(3)MPR对椎体发生的常规轴位扫描易漏诊的水平型骨折线能明确诊断；(4)对于没有骨折的寰枢关节半脱位能提供可靠的依据。

Results MPR and SSD techniques can acquire lots of important information:（1）rule out the diagnosis of frac-ture and dislocation and its type can be when patient has been injured so badly that cannot take X-ray examination.（2）detect the secret fracture and missing fracture in X-ray examination because of overlap.（3）diagnose the missing transverse fracture in routine CT scan.（4）diagnose the atlantoaxial joint luxation without fracture.

结果 MSCT扫描MPR、SSD技术在寰枢椎外伤中可：（1）对于外伤后病情不适合拍平片者，MSCT能快速、准确地明确骨折、脱位的有无及其类型；（2）MSCT轴位扫描结合MPR能排除因平片结构重叠漏诊的骨折以及平片不易发现的隐匿骨折；（3）MPR对椎体发生的常规轴位扫描易漏诊的水平型骨折线能明确诊断；（4）对于没有骨折的寰枢关节半脱位能提供可靠的依据。

Based on the biomechanical characteristics of memory alloy and determination of atlantoaxial data, a neotype shape memory alloy cervical hook was designed to treat

本科充分利用记忆合金的形状记忆效应和力学特性，通过对国人寰枢椎数据测定，自行设计了一种符合寰枢椎解剖学及生物力学特征的弹性颈椎夹钩。

［Objective］ To investigate the stability and function of atlantoaxial segment after atlas odontoid process artificial joint replacement.

［目的］测试寰椎齿状突人工关节置换后寰枢椎的稳定性和功能。

Study and prehension the anatomic imaging features of bases of skull and atlantoepistrophic articulation,study the value and limitation of X-ray pictures, CT and MRI in favour of increasing the level of diagnosis of diseases in bases of skull and atlantoepistrophic articulation.

学习和掌握环枢部的影像解剖学特点，X线平片、CT、MRI不同检查方法的价值和限度，有利于提高颅底寰枢部病变的诊断和鉴别诊断水平。

Objective: To study the clinical significance of axis transverse foramen in the etiology of the vertebral artery insufficiency after cervical rotational movement.

目的 ：探讨枢椎横突孔结构在转头引起寰枢段椎动脉狭窄或闭塞的临床解剖学意义。

The new idea, such as the"rotation"of atlas in 3 direction in some of AADs with intact axis, vertebrated odontoid, complete dislocation of AADs with detached odontoid, and differentiation of"dislocation of atlantoaxial joint"and"stenosis of canal"in atlantoaxial subluxation with detached odontoid, are established in this report.

1、本研究提出了一些新的概念，如枢椎完整型AADs时其寰椎在三个方向上的&旋转&脱位、椎体化齿突畸形、齿突不连型AADs的完全脱位、齿突不连的寰枢半脱位时&脱位&和&狭窄&的区分、枕大孔不规则狭窄等为本研究的新的发现或提出的新概念。

This series included 35 male and 22 female, and the mean age was 34.6 years (range, 13– 66 years). The pathology included atlantoaxial instability in 52 patients (os odontoideum in 26 patients, transerse ligament relaxation or disruption in 20, odontoid fracture nonunion in 6), and irreducible atlantoaxial dislocation in 5 (os odontoideum in 1 patient, transerse ligament relaxation in 1, malunion of odontoid process fracture in 3). Twenty-four patients presented signs and symptoms of spinal cord and/or brain-stem dysfunction.

这个系列包括35个男性病人和22个女性病人，平均年龄是34.6岁（范围，13~66岁）。52个病人是寰枢椎不稳（26例os odontoideum、20个横韧带松弛或破裂、6例齿状突骨折不连），5例不可复位的寰枢椎关节脱位（1例os odontoideum，1例横韧带松弛，3例齿状突骨折连接不正）。24例有脊索和脑干功能不良的症状和体征。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。