寡头政治

He did not see that the continuity of an oligarchy need not be physical, nor did he pause to reflect that hereditary aristocracies have always been shortlived, whereas adoptive organizations such as the Catholic Church have sometimes lasted for hundreds or thousands of years.

他们以为不世袭的就不会是永远的，但是他们不明白寡头政治的连贯性并不需要是实际意义上的，他们也不会像世袭贵族统治总是短命的，而是像天主教会这样具有吸纳性的机构有时会维持几百年甚至几千年。

With the increasing abundance it became increasingly possible to see and to admit the element of hypocrisy which had entered into the traditional notion of aristocracy; the existing aristocracies proved to be oligarchies rather than aristocracies.

随着不断的富足，贵族制的传统模式之伪善也不断地被发现和承认；当前的贵族政治更多的是寡头政治而不是贵族政治。

It may be worthwhile to spend a few moments in speculating as to possible future developments of those that are oligarchies.

它可能是值得花几分钟在猜测，至于未来可能的发展，那些是寡头政治。

If the government is to maintain control in such an environment, it will probably have to engage in a practice that has long been a fixture of oligarchies and democracies alike: blame.

如果政府想要在这样的条件下维持其控制，它将不得不陷入到一场存续已久的寡头政治和民主政治的固定体制的泥沼中。

It is well understood here, that by the words Venice, England, we designate not the peoples, but social structures; the oligarchies superposed on nations, and not the nations themselves.

当然，我们在这里提到了威尼斯和英格兰，我们所指的不是那些民族，而是那些社会结构，指高踞在那些民族上面的寡头政治，不是那些民族本身。

On the African continent, oligarchies share Western values and cultural preferences while other groups make do with socially devalued lifestyles far removed from modernity.

在非洲大陆上，寡头政治接受的是西方的价值观和文化偏好，然而其他群体在社会上所持的则是远离现代性的落后的生活方式。

At all events from an epoch of kingly rule we come everywhere in Europe to an era of oligarchies; and even where the name of the monarchical functions does not absolutely disappear, the authority of the king is reduced to a mere shadow.

无论如何，在欧洲各地，这时已经从国王统治时代转变到一个寡头政治时代；即使在名义上，君主职能还没有绝对消失，然而王权已缩小到只剩下一个暗影。

The bible shows how to deal with all sort of people, from oligarchs to dissidents, angry people.

圣经》告诉人们如何与形形色色的人打交道，不论是寡头政治的执政者，还是持不同政见的、愤怒的人。

Natural mortality reduced the number of patrician families over the years, and since patricians were inclined to uphold the senatorial oligarchy against the ambitions of people like Caesar and his heir, they suffered large losses during the civil wars of the late Republic.

年复一年，自然的死亡减少了氏族贵族家族的数目，而由于他们倾向于保持元老院的寡头政治而反对凯撒及其继承人的野心，氏族贵族在共和末年的内战中损失惨重。

President Lula, who presented himself as the scourge of old-style oligarchs, now governs with their help.

卢拉总统以反对旧式的寡头政治的形象出现，现在却在他们的帮助下管理政府。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。