家系

In order to enhance its resistance to bacterial blightand lepidopteran such as leaffolder, striped stem borer and yellow stem borer etc, we intergessed Xa21 and Bt genes into the genetic background of 93-11 by backcross scheme, combining with molecular marker-assisted selection and phenotypic selection. Through three backcross and two self generations, eight families that have homozygous Xa21 and Bt genes were obtained in the BC3F3 families. Two families show higher recovery percentage of 93-11 even up to 90.59%.

为了进一步提高其对白叶枯病的抗性、同时增加其对水稻鳞翅目害虫（如稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟和三化螟等）抗性，利用常规回交育种方法和结合分子标记辅助选择将Xa21基因和Bt基因同时导入93-11中，在BC3F3家系中筛选到8个家系含纯合的Xa21基因和Bt基因，其中有两个家系与93-11比较其遗传背景的回复率很高，达到90.59%。

The relationship between the genetic deficiencies and hemorrhagic disorder were characterized. The homozygosity of the Thr359Met in the propositus with FⅦ: C activity 2% was related to severe clinical symptoms; The proband with double heterozygous lesions of Arg152Leu and one single nucleotide deletion at position 11487-9, combined with Arg304Trp in exon 8 with FⅦ activity 1% suffered severe clinical bleeding tendency. one proband with double heterozygous mutations (Agr304Trp and Arg304Gln) with 10% of FⅦ activities characterized asymptom. the heterozygous mutations (Thr359Met, Arg152Gln,-55C→T) with FⅦ: C 1%～5. 5% showed moderate or mild clinical symptoms.

其中8961 G＞T（Arg152Leu）和10966-8delC两种突变为国际首次报道，IFSla+5g＞a突变导致的异常剪接为国际首次报道。1个F7及F10基因联合缺陷家系，其中，F10基因28139 G＞T（Val384Phe）突变为国际首次报道；发现了1个由F7及组织因子(tissue factor，TF)两种基因联合缺陷导致的出血家系，其突变分别为F7基因启动子区-55C＞T杂合突变；TF 9363 C＞T（Arg131Trp）杂合多态性（频率2.63％）。6种F7基因突变发生在催化区；2种突变发生在裂解位点；1种发生在启动子区；1种突变发生在剪接位点，除一种缺失突变外，其余均为点突变；所有家系的基因突变都来自先证者的父亲和/或母亲。

Classifying by genetic distance, we selected 5 greatly fastgrowing families and 10 less fastgrowing families, compared with Slash pine, whose genetic gains of volume are 44% and 14% respectively, and with Mason pine , whose genetic gains of volume are 197% and 14% respectively.

对家系的遗传距离进行了聚类分析，确定了5个极速生家系、8个较速生家系，其材积增益与湿地松相比分别为44%和14%，与马尾松相比分别为197%和136%。

The levels of plasma GABA in childhood autism of Han nucleus families had significant familial correlation, level of GABA=26.400+0.810×level of mother GABA (standard regression coefficient=0.511, t=4.871, P=0.000). The levels of plasma Glu in childhood autism of Han nucleus families had no familial correlation. There was no familial correlation in levels of plasma Glu and GABA in control nucleus families.

血浆GABA水平差异也无统计学意义（t值分别为1.283、0.385、-0.030；P值分别为0.205、0.702、0.976）：汉族儿童孤独症核心家系血浆GABA水平具有家族相关性；患儿血浆GABA水平=26.400+0.810×母亲血浆GABA水平（标准化回归系数为0.511，t=4.871，P=0.000），汉族儿童孤独症核心家系血浆Glu水平无家族相关性；正党对照核心家系血浆Glu和GABA水平平均无家族相关性。

A genetic epidemiologic case-control study with 297 pedigrees (79 genealogies and 198 controls) was carried out to estimate the segregation ratio and hereditability (h2 ) of gastric cancer by the methods of Li-Mantel-Gart and Falconer.

通过遗传流行病学病例对照研究，对泰兴市297个家系(先证家系79个，对照家系198个)，应用Li-Manel和Falconer方法进行了分离比及遗传度的估算。

This study recruited 8 OI I pedigrees (including a very large OI I kindred comprising 132 members, in which 43 are patients) and 402 nuclear families of health subjects (consisting of 1,263 subjects, and each familycontains at least one female offspring aged 20-45) in Chinese Han population. 1 By performing linkage analysis in the large OII kindred to the COLlAl and COL1A2 genes. Negative LOD score of-8.50 at 9 = 0.001 was observed for the COL1A2 gene, while positive LOD score of 2.31 at 0 = 0.001 was found for the COLlAl gene.

本研究在中国汉族人群中征集了8个Ⅰ型成骨不全家系(其中包括一个拥有132个成员、43个患者的大家系)和402个正常人群的核心家系(共1，263个个体，每一个家系至少含有一个20～45岁的女性子代)。1通过在大的Ⅰ型成骨不全家系中对COL1A1基因和COL1A2基因进行连锁分析，当θ=0.001时，在COL1A1基因处检测到的LOD值为2.31，而在COL1A2基因处检测到的LOD值为-8.50。

Objective: Presymptomatic gene diagnosis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease families by PCR Methods: Genomic DNA were extracted Highly polymorphic microsatellite markers(SM7, AG2 5, KG8, CW2) linked to the PKD1were amplified using PCR Ten ADPKD families (104 members,including 28 affected) were analysed Results: Nine children were diagnosed with presymptomatic gene diagnosis ,although all children presented a negative ultrasonic diagnosis Conclusion: The presymptomatic gene diagnosis ...

目的：应用PCR方法对常染色体显性遗传性多囊肾病家系进行症前基因诊断。方法：用PCR扩增与PKD1位点连锁的的高度多态性的微小卫星体DNA（SM7，AC2.5，KG8，CW2）为遗传标记，对10个ADPKD家系的104个成员（包括28个患者）找出染色体上与疾病连锁的单体型，进行连锁分析。结果：对9个无临床症状，且B超检查呈阴性结果的儿童做出了症前基因诊断。结论：能够应用PCR方法对ADP－KD家系成员快速、准确地做出基因诊断

Brooders and filial generation forepart larvaeof penaeid shrimp were detected using nested-PCR for the presence of WSSV. The results showed that 4 hi 7 genealogies showed WSSV positive at 2,2 period and theres one genealogy that brooder and larvae are all showing positive.

通过建立中国对虾家系，利用巢式PCR法跟踪检测中国对虾亲体及后代早期幼体阶段携带白斑综合症病毒(white spot syndrom virus，WSSV)状况，发现7个家系中的4个家系Z_2期即可检测阳性；其中一组亲虾、产出的卵子及各期幼体均检测阳性。

The result showed there existed significant differences among families in seedling growth, dry matter accumulation, leaf shape as well as root parameters at high and low nitrogen levels. Remarkable reduction in seedling height, dry matter accumulation, leaf and root parameters were observed under low nitrogen stress, whereas larger proportion of photosynthesis production was allocated into roots to promote nitrogen absorption. Family variation in seeding growth, leaf and root parameters were increased under low nitrogen stress in comparison with high nitrogen level, which would be benefit to discriminate superior L. chinense families with high nitrogen efficiency. Nitrogen efficiency of different L.

结果表明：不同氮素水平下，马褂木苗的生长、干物质积累、叶片和根系等性状皆存在显著的家系遗传差异；低氮胁迫将显著抑制马褂木苗叶片发育和根系生长，影响苗高生长和干物质积累，但低氮素水平下生产的光合产物则较多地分配至地下根系部分以促进对氮素的吸收利用；与高氮处理比较，低氮胁迫加大了苗木生长、叶片和根系参数等家系遗传分化，有利于鉴别高氮效率的马褂木优良家系。

We made all-round serological tests to the two RhD-- individuals,including identification of blood group、Coombs test、antibody screening and identification、antibody titer and HDN test,together with investigation of genealogical blood group to all family members by classic hemagglutination methods.

我们采用经典的血细胞凝集法，对2个体进行了血型血清学检测，包括血型鉴定、抗人球蛋白试验、抗体筛选与鉴定、抗体效价检测与新生儿溶血病检测，并对两个家系所有家系成员进行家系血型调查。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。