宪法的

This chapter sums up five aspects of theory bases of constitutional review system:(1) theory of supreme of constitution,(2) theory of limited government,(3) theory of check and balance of power,(4) theory of sovereignty of people,(5) theory of rule of law.

第一节简要回顾了我国宪法监督制度从无到有的四个历史阶段，第二节分析了我国现行的宪法监督制度所存在的主要问题，第三节探讨了我国的违宪审查制度为何难以建立起来的理论障碍、思想障碍和法律障碍。

By July 1, 1867 the British North America Acts, the British North American colonies composed of a single Dominion of Canada, Canada's Constitution has been the United Kingdom are based on this law; December 11, 1931, the United Kingdom Congress passed the "Westminster Act", this legislation stipulates that no longer affiliated with King's Dominion, provides that for the colonial dominion of Canada, although Canada is an internationally recognized independent States, the dominion of this special relationship has existed; April 17, 1982, Canada's new constitution passed by Congress and endorsed by the British Parliament passed the Abolition of the old constitution, Canada to the July 1 Dominion Day was renamed Canada Day, Canada's only truly complete independence.

独立按1867年7月1日的 British North America Acts ，各英属北美殖民地组成单一的加拿大自治领，加拿大宪法一直建基于这英国法律；1931年12月11日，英国国会通过了《威斯敏斯特法令》，此法例中订明自治领不再从属于英皇，订明加拿大殖民地为自治领，虽然加拿大已是一个国际公认的独立国，此特殊的自治领关系却一直存在；1982年4月17日，加拿大国会通过新宪法，并得到英国国会通过废止旧宪，加拿大把7月1日的自治领日改名为加拿大日，加拿大才真正完成独立。

The basis of Chinese state-party constitutionalism requires a reconception of an understanding of constitution—to include both the document constituting the state and that constituting the Party as equivalent components that together form the national constitution as understood in the West.

中国的"党国"宪政理论需要重新定义宪法——这样的宪法需要囊括组织国家政权的文件，同时也囊括组织一个平行与国家权力的政党的文件。

Rather, in the analysis of Yeni, of the Irrawaddy, a magazine published by émigrés in Thailand, it is the "formal transfer of the nation's wealth into the hands of an entrenched elite", ahead of an election and the implementation of a new constitution which, in theory, should allow greater competition for assets.

相反，在《伊洛瓦底江》（这是由缅甸滞泰流亡者所办的杂志）编辑叶尼看来，在大选来临及新宪法生效之前，这是&国家财富正式移交到已确立的精英分子手中&的举动，因为理论上，新宪法将容许针对资产的更大竞争。

From the nature of legal relationship,the later type is not civil case but constitution case,the relation between disputers of two sides are not civil legal realtionship between subjects of equality but constitution realtionship between supervision and being supervised.

从法律关系的性质看，体现表达自由与公共权力冲突的新闻侵权案件，不是民事案件，而是宪法案件；纠纷双方不是平等主体之间的民事法律关系，而是监督与被监督的宪法关系。

On the one hand, she pointedly expects to guide the political and social process according to her inner spirit and written principles and regulations, on the other hand, she whishes herself to be adaptable, so that she can keep abreast of the consistently developing process of social and political life.

一 面宪法之宏旨在于以其内在的精神、规则与原则指导现实的社会与政治生活的过程；另一面，宪法亦期望自身能够不断成长以适应现实中不断发展的社会与政治生活。

Its realization is possible only when the value orientation of the constitution is in accordance with the spirit of constitutionalism, that is, limiting state power and guaranteeing citizen's rights.

宪政是政治学和法学发展史上的一个重要概念，从逻辑上看，宪政以宪法为基础，只有当宪法所体现的价值取向与宪政的精神要义，即限制国家权力，保障公民权利相一致时，宪政的实现才成为可能。

Modern Constitutions were made in the process of protecting the basic rights of citizens.

近代宪法是在保障公民基本权利的过程中产生的，保障公民的基本权利是宪法永恒的主题。

"Fifth Amendment:An amendment to the Constitution of the United States, ratified in 1791, that deals with the rights of accused criminals by providing for due process of law, forbidding double jeopardy, and stating that no person may be forced to testify as a witness against himself or herself."

&美国宪法第五修正案：1791年被通过的美国宪法修正案，涉及通过为受指控的罪犯提供适当的法律程序保护他们的权利、禁止双重审判并声明任何人不得被强迫自证其罪。&

Although the 1919 Weimar Constitution is rather democratic due to its referendum and initiative clause, the democratic system in the Weimar Republic is rather unstable.

虽然如此，一九一九年的威玛宪法却是当时一部相当民主的宪法，创制与复决权的纳入也是其主要的原因之一。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！