客观存在性

This paper analyzed the situation of asset liability management of life insurance Company in china, evaluated the result and put forward some solving method according to the matter.

本文从实证的角度，分析了我国寿险公司资产负债管理现状，并以中国人寿保险公司为例，对我国寿险公司的利差损及资产负债管理现状进行实证研究，对我国近些年寿险业的发展状况以及存在的问题进行了客观的分析和评价，并对所存在的问题提出参考性解决方法。

The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

The presence of time lag have an external inevitability, and it will influence people who collect and dispose information, touch the effect of course, debase students'ability of fitting society, increase the side-effect of course, augment the oppugn of community and families. And it will also disintegrate curricular structure, so we can't unify the instrumental characteristic and the culture trait of Chinese course.

时滞的存在具有一定的客观必然性，它会影响到调研人员和设计人员对信息的把握程度，影响到课程的推广力度和实际效果，降低学生对社会的适应能力，增加课程的社会负面效应，增加社会组织、家庭等单元对课程的质疑，它还会分化语文课程内部组织结构的严密性，使语文的工具性和人文性难以实现真正的统一。

Based on grey system theory and fuzzy theory, uncertain decision making problems and several relative articles were studied, then points out the advantage and shortage of them when dealing with grey fuzzy set were pointed out. In this paper, using optimization theory and the maximum entropy formulism, a method for multi attribute group decision making based on the theory of grey fuzzy relation is established.

引言不确定型决策问题在社会、经济、环境和管理等各个领域中普遍存在，并且是一项复杂的系统工程，由于人的参与使相关数据与信息系统中的不确定性更加显著，不确定性通常分为 2类，一个是所谓"主观"不确定性，即人的思维模糊性，另一个是信息不完全、不充分所造成的客观不确定性，即灰性。

In the new historical period of emancipatory thought, should know adequately " hoggish sex " rationality and blemish, should realise " hoggish sex " existence has its objective material base, cannot use simple idea critically eliminate its.

在解放思想的新的历史时期，要充分认识"利己性"的合理性与缺陷，要认识到"利己性"的存在有其客观的物质基础，不能用简单的思想批判将其消灭。

Considering thd weak preferencde, incomparability and unclear future of the projects in multi-criteria decision-making, we introduce the PROMETHEE algorithm and use the concept of triangular fuzzy numbers to modify it.

考虑到科技成果转化项目多指标决策中普遍存在弱优先性和不可比性的客观现实，引入了PROMETHEE法，基于项目评价指标具有模糊性和不确定性的特点，用三角形模糊数的概念对其进行改进，同时给出了相应的算法。

The dissertation considers that there is an inner relationship between various elements of e- ducology and a given culture, which produces"the culturalcharacter of educology". Educational problems have factual bases, but their nature should be considered as subjectivity, valuableness, and historicity, which distinguish educational problems from educational facts and related prob- lems of other disciplines. Besides having a logical feature of scientific concepts, the nature of edu- cational concepts should be considered as historicity, normativity, valuableness and expressivity. Educological activity is a kind of subjective activity. The subjects of educology are not only the subjects of knowledge, but also the subjects of value and practice. Educological works are products of their whole soul life, which embody their life and social ideals.

本文阐明，教育学活动的诸要素与一定的文化之间存在着内在的关联，具有文化特征，构成教育学的文化性格：教育问题有它客观的事实基础，但是教育问题的质是它的主观性、价值性、历史性，这是教育问题与教育事实以及相关学科问题的分界线；教育概念除了一般科学概念所具有的逻辑特性以外，在质上是一类历史性、规范性、价值性与表达性的概念；教育学活动是一种主体的活动，这种主体在活动中不仅是认识的主体，更是价值的主体和实践的主体，因此，教育学著作是他们整个心灵生活的结晶，体现着他们的人生和社会理想。

The critical study on his theory of objective imputation is helpful to have a more deep under-standing on the theory, and it can arose the group of the criminal law and the whole law attach importanceto,and evolve us study and apply the theory. there are three questions to be attempted: the First, the a-nalysis of the premise are inadequate, neglect the subject in the question and the actors who take part inthe process of the imputation; the second,there is the lack of insight on the social risk in the modern so-ciety,and do not exceed the limits of the traditional causational theory;the third , risk of deep,the tar-get of the types of objective imputation is not clear, it is hard to grasp it , and there is loopholes in them.

山中的客观归属理论不足有三：一是前提性分析不充分，忽漏了对作为意识问题的主体及参加到归属过程中的参与者的分析；二是缺乏对现代社会风险的深刻洞见，没有超越传统因果关系论的局限；三是客观归属类型的预设目标不明确，过于复杂从而难以把握，而且存在漏洞。

Through analyzing the questionnaire of tourists, we try to inquire into the tourism motivation of tourists, the difference between tourism expect and tourism apperceiving, applying"authenticity"and"role playing"to fix the"tourism situation"of The Dai Park; Through analyzing the questionnaire of inhabitants, we try to inquire into the whole apperceiving of developing tourism, mainly into the culture apperceiving and investigate whether they join in village tourism; Through spot coverage and investigation we find there are some contradictions and negative effects existing in the tourism development of The Dai Park, The Xishuangbanna Dai Park Company, Ltd, as the manager of The Dai Park should promote developing tourism and coordinate inside contradictions.

通过分析旅游者调查问卷了解旅游者旅游动机，旅游期望与旅游感知的差距，引入旅游社会学中&真实性&与&舞台性&对傣族园的&旅游情形&进行定位；通过分析居民问卷试图了解村寨居民对于发展旅游的总体感知，重点分析其文化感知，调查其对于参与村寨旅游的看法与意愿；通过访谈与实地考察发现，傣族园旅游发展中客观存在交错复杂的矛盾冲突，旅游发展的负面效应也有所显现，作为景区管理者的傣族园有限公司应发挥促进旅游发展与协调内部矛盾的主要职能。

Dialectic contains much points against science: dialectic , with simple opinion, its one dividing into two of opposite and consolidation broke nature's ordered and organic character; combing two into one being simply patched at least goes against thing's selectivity; law of the unity of opposite wrongly treats contradiction as principle, and does not deeply explore the objective principle of contradiction trending to utility; contradiction generalization dissevers the thing's utility, which denies the relativity of existence, truth, non-contradiction of rule being in relative condition and unique correctness.

辩证法就存在着诸多反科学之处：辩证法观念简单，其对立统一之一分为二打破了自然的有序有机性，而合二为一又简单拼凑，至少违反了事物的选择性原则；对立统一规律化，错误的把矛盾这一事物的状态当成了规律，而没能深入探索矛盾由对立趋向统一的客观规律；矛盾普遍化，割裂了事物的统一性，否定了存在的相对性，也否定了真理、规律在相对条件内的非矛盾性，唯一正确性；辩证矛盾核心论，乱用核心，否定了事物由低级趋向高级发展的客观规律；认识论如矛盾论，使认识等矛盾，使一切关系变成矛盾等等。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。