审前调查

It wants to keep neutrality of the judge, prevent misusing of the accusatorial power and strengthen the accused. At present, almost all of the students consider it as a fundamental principle in criminal proceedings and point out some drawbacks in the trial stage of criminal proceedings in China. But that is not systematic and overall. Meanwhile the historical, relative and theory-to-practice methods were used in the article. On base of studying the historical development and analyzing the meaning and main demands of it, the article come up with many reformatory suggestions for thoroughgoing implementing it according to the drawbacks of criminal proceedings in China: establishing judicial review and letting no-trial judge inspect accusation before the trial, restricting strictly judge's conduct of changing accusation and inspecting out of court, upbuilding partly investigating system, forbidding judge to initiate retrial which is harmful to the accused.

本文运用了历史的、比较的和理论联系实际的方法，从研究控审分离原则的历史沿革入手，深刻剖析了其理论内涵和基本要求，最后针对我国刑事诉讼中存在的不足之处，就彻底贯彻该原则提出了五点改革性意见：确立审前司法审查机制，使程序性裁判主体与控诉主体彻底分离；在公诉审查中，由独立于庭审法官的预审法官对公诉进行实体性审查；在一审程序中，对法院变更起诉以及庭外调查的行为给予严格的限制，防止法院在事实上承担追诉职能；在第二审程序中，废除全面审查原则，代之以部分审查方式；取消人民法院主动提起再审程序的权力，或者至少应当取消法院主动提起不利于被告人的再审程序的权力。

They would have powers to supervise, authorise or block certain steps carried out by the investigators, such as wiretaps, searches or pre-trial detention, but would not conduct inquiries.

他们将有权监督、授权或阻止由调查者执行的某些程序，如窃听、搜查或审前拘留，但不能指挥调查。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。