实验法

As the experiment course simulated by column method are in the similitude of field practical situation, the main research method is column method in this article.

目前，吸附实验研究方法主要有静态法和动态法，本文采用静态法和动态法结合，以动态法为主的方法来进行研究。

A commutation error is then considered in addition to the conventional residual error to generate the innovative residual error. Such an error is applied into cost functions to derive finite impulse response and infinite impulse response filter-based adaptive algorithms for ANC applications, referred to as FxRLS/CE and FuRLS/FRE+CE algorithms, respectively. Convergence analyses based on Lyapunov stability criteria for time-varying discrete-time systems can be carried out for the FxLMS/CE, FxRLS/CE and FuRLS/ FRE+CE algorithms to ensure stability. Computer simulations and experiments demonstrate that the innovative residual error-based adaptive algorithms can free the restriction of the slow-adaptation assumption in the conventional ANC approaches.

本文中也定义一交换误差并且加入到传统残留误差行形成新残留误差来改善适应性演算法的收敛速度，使用新残留误差推导出了有限脉冲响应滤波器与无限脉冲响应滤波器之适应演算法的新适应性演算法分别为： FxLMS/CE、 FxRLS/CE 和 FuRLS/FRE+CE 演算法，并且以离散时间的 Lyapunov 稳定性准则来证明演算法的收敛性，电脑模拟与实验也显示新演算法免除以往滤波器的参数必须缓慢更新的条件。

There are several methods developed to measure or calculate the cantilever spring constant, such as adding mass to the cantilever, using the reference cantilever, measuring the thermal noise and so on. Adding mass to the cantilever and using the reference cantilever will need some complicated equipments and be able to damage the cantilever.

附加质量法和参考悬梁法存在所需实验设备复杂、容易损坏针尖等缺点，与之相比，热振动法具有实验条件简单、不损伤针尖及较高的准确度等优势，因此，可以在实际应用中，对探针进行快速标定，提高力测量的准确性，扩展AFM的应用领域。

The instruments the author used in the experiment are literature review, interviews, questionnaires and case study. Start from the point of view of strengthening amateur sportsmen's training method in view of the 400-meters sportsmen who haven't reached level 2 target in school PE teaching and amateur training according to the successful experience and long time of practice of some qualified 400 meters trainers and some out standing PE teachers as well as the accumulation of the related literature review the author construct theoretically the model of training 400 meters male dash with the target of improving the speed of 400 meters dash. That is to say from the following 4 aspics, speed index,speed endurance index,aerobic endurance index,strength index.Listing the relative theory of mode training by analyzing and comparing the results got by the subjects both before and after the experiment the author tries to find out a suitable final index mode for specific training .

本文运用文献资料法、访谈法、问卷调查和实验等方法，从重视基层业余水平田径运动员的训练、加强对业余水平运动员训练方法的研究为出发点，针对学校体育教学及业余训练中水平一般且未达到国家二级锻炼标准的400m跑运动员，依据国内400m跑专项高水平教练员、优秀体育教师多年训练实践的成功经验以及相关文献资料的积累，以影响400m跑专项成绩提高的主要内容指标，即速度指标、速度耐力指标、有氧耐力指标以及力量指标四个方面为切入点，从理论上初步对男子400m跑二级运动员专项训练的指标模式进行构建，并运用模式训练相关理论原理，通过实验前、后运动员成绩的对比分析，寻求符合其专项训练的最终指标模式。

In this article, the caustics method and holo-photoelasticity method are used to investigate the distribution of contact forces inside a pack of discrete square cells submitted to a compressive load.

本文运用焦散线法和激光全息光弹法对受集中荷载作用的颗粒堆中力的分布进行了较为详细的实验研究，通过对实验数据的定量分析得知：与传统连续介质弹性理论所揭示的规律不同，堆积体内部力的传递与分布遵循抛物线型方程。

This paper uses the face-on radiography technology to investigate the Rayleigh-Taylor instability of sine modulated surface target at the Shengguang Ⅱ facility and gains vivid space and time resolution images.

在神光Ⅱ装置上，利用面向背光照相技术对正弦调制平面靶的瑞利-泰勒不稳定性增长进行了实验研究，得到了清晰的时空分辨图像；采用傅里叶变换取基模法和求波峰波谷差值法分析了实验结果；两种方法得到的靶扰动增长因子相同。

Randomization, blocking, sample size determination, factorial designs, 2^p full and fractional factorials, response surfaces, Latin squares, split plots, Taguchi designs.

实验设计：实验设计：随机化，区组设计，抽样规模的确定，析因设计。完全的和部分的析因设计，反应曲面法，拉丁方，裂区法，Taguchi 设计。

Basic topics and ideas in the design of experiments: randomization and randomization tests; the validity and analysis of randomized experiments; randomized blocks; Latin and Greco-Latin squares; plot techniques; factorial experiments; the use of confounding and response surface methodology; weighing designs, lattice and incomplete block and partially balanced incomplete block designs.

实验设计：实验设计：试验设计的基本思想和论题：随机化和随机化检验；随机试验的效度与分析；随机区组设计；拉丁方和希腊拉丁方；制图技术；析因试验，混杂法和反应曲面法的运用；加权设计，方格设计和不完全区组设计，部分平衡的不完全区组设计。

These experiment are employed the MTT method and the [3H] -thymidine incorporation.

杀伤实验和增殖实验都分别用MTT法和〓掺入法。

The main research work of this dissertation is as follows: Based on the chemical reaction engineering theory and the nitrobenzene electroreduction mechanism, the plate and frame electrolyzer was designed and applied to the process of electroreduction nitrobenzene to p-aminophenol. This dissertation measured the residence time distribution data of the electrolyzer by means of the pulse response method and studied the rule of flow pattern along with the current capacity change. Under different conditions ,this dissertation studied the cyclic voltammetry properties of nitrobenzene on different electrodes by means of the dynamic cyclic voltammetry method and the electrode materials applied to the NB electroreduction have been selected primarily.Baseed on the results of cyclic voltammetry tests, this dissertation used p-electrode systems to measure the steady-state- polarization curves of nitrobenzene on different electrodes in H-type diaphragm cell, and obtained each primary factor s influence rule and the exchange current density value of each electrode.And then on the basis of the conclusions of fundamental researchs upword, the effects of influence factors on the the yield of p-aminophenol and the current efficiency,such as electrode material, current density, quantity of electricity circulated, nitrobenzene concentration . sulpuric acid concentration and so on, have been studied in detail in the systems of hign temperature , strong acidity and oxygen-poorthrough a series of electrolysis experiments in this paper.After all using Pb as anode Monel metal as cathode Dupont Nafion 417 cation-exchange membrane as membrane, this dissertation obtained the optimum technological condition: reaction temperature about 85C, current density 500A m-2, sulphuric acid concentration 20%wt.

论文的主要研究工作为：运用化学反应工程理论，结合硝基苯的电还原机理，设计出用于硝基苯直接电还原合成对氨基苯酚实验的板框式电解槽，并利用脉冲响应法测定了该板框式电解槽的停留时间分布数据，研究了流型随流量变化的规律；通过动态循环伏安法研究了硝基苯在不同电极上、不同条件下的循环伏安特性，初步评选出了用于硝基苯电还原的电极材料；结合循环伏安的测定结果，在H型隔膜电解槽中采用三电极体系测定了硝基苯在不同电极上、不同条件下的稳态极化曲线，得到了各主要因素的影响规律及硝基苯在各个电极上电还原的交换电流密度数值；在基础研究结论指导下，采用板框式电解槽，在高温、强酸、贫氧系统中，进行了一系列的电解实验，分别考察了电极材料、电流密度、通电量、硝基苯浓度、硫酸浓度等因素对收率及电流效率的影响，最终选择以蒙乃尔合金电极作为阴极、铅合金为阳极、Dupont Nofion 417阳离子交换膜为隔膜，得到由硝基苯直接电还原制对氨基苯酚的最佳电解工艺条件：反应温度85℃，电流密度500A·m~(-2)，硫酸浓度20％wt。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。