实验室实验

Linear solvation energy relation was firstly introduced in the paper, and the method and step of gaining the special parameters of solvent and solute were introduced in detail, and these special parameters were used to selection and optimization of extractive agent in extractive distillation. The model of predicting activity coefficient at infinite dilution was established by linear solvation energy relation. By the above theory, several candidate solvents were selected to separate C5 fraction, and by experiment of vapor-liquid phase equilibrium at atmosphere pressure, the mixture of N-methyl-pyrrolidone including 4% water was used extractive agent of separating C5 fraction. Then binary vapor-liquid phase equilibrium of the some compound in C5 fraction and N-methyl-pyrolidone were determined at atmosphere pressure and correlated by NRTL equation. Isoprene being objective compound, experiments were operated in the laboratory-scale column; the processes were simulated by RadFrac model in ASPEN PLUS. And by the combination of experiment and simulation, the new process of separation of C5 was established.

本文首先对线性溶剂化能关系进行了分析介绍，也介绍了采用溶剂化能关系得到溶质溶剂特性参数的方法步骤，并将这些参数用于萃取精馏萃取剂的选择与优化；也通过线性溶剂化能关系式建立无限稀释活度系数预测模型，取得了一定的预测精度；将通过上述方法初选的溶剂进行了常压汽液平衡的测定研究，通过实验研究选定含水4%的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液做为C5分离的萃取剂，测定了大量N-甲基吡咯烷酮与C5组分的二元平衡数据，并进行关联计算；以异戊二烯为目标产物在实验室规模的精馏塔内进行了C5分离的实验研究，取得大量塔内数据；通过选用合适的热力学模型，采用ASPEN中RadFrac模块对分离过程进行模拟研究，通过实验与模拟相结合，建立了C5分离的新工艺，为将来的工业化打下了坚实的基础。

According to the method of checkout and identification complying with laboratory quality control rules, we made the calibration tests on CEMS smokemeter. After the linear regression analysis of test results, we verified the correlation coefficient was more than 0.99 between FW56-1 smokemeter, which was made by ABB, Germany, and TH-880IV smokemeter, so the high measurement accuracy was confirmed. Moreover, with less than 90% stained space of lens, this instrument can still work accurately, so the probe has big pollution tolerance. It can totally meet the request of pollution online monitoring.

实验采取了符合实验室质量控制技术路线的校验、鉴定方法，对CEMS烟尘测量仪进行了标对实验，通过对实验结果进行线性回归分析，验证了德国ABB公司生产的FW56-1型烟尘测量仪与TH－880Ⅳ烟尘仪测量数据的相关系数均大于0.99，具有很高的测量精度，并且探头对污染的容忍能力特别强，在透镜污染小于90％的情况下对仪器的准确性没有影响，完全能满足污染源在线监测监控系统建设的要求。

By systemic researching and simulating experiment, the text gains such results as follows,1. On the base of sufficiency research on the oil-gas hydrocarbon systemic chemistry composing and the physical chemistry characters, we traverse the mechanism of the paraffin's deposition. Then we consider that paraffin deposition is a complex process ofphysical chemistry, which includes more than one single mechanism.2. Traversing and comparing the literature in detail on different factors that has effect on paraffin deposition, the available experimental methods on paraffin deposition, prevention of paraffin deposition, and removing of the deposited paraffin on the spot.3. Ameliorated the laser equipment of solid particle inspecting system and the corresponding test methods. Determine WCT of dead oil and live oil from KS101 well under different pressure with this system. The result implies that dead oil has opposite regulation on paraffin deposition temperature to live oil.4. A vapor-liquid-solid envelop is drawn by superposition regular vapor-liquid envelop and WCT curve thereby explained that the departure and quick raising of the curve in the low temperature zone is caused by the appearance of paraffin in solid phase.5. Estimation is made to determine the depth of paraffin deposition in the well.

通过系统的研究和实验模拟，本文取得了以下研究成果：(1)在充分调研油气烃类体系的化学组成及其物理化学特征的基础上，详细研究了石蜡沉降的机理，认为石蜡沉积是一个复杂的物理化学过程，是多种机理共同作用的结果；(2)深入调研并综合阐述了影响石蜡固相沉积的各种主要因素，对目前国内外常用的有机固相沉积实验研究方法和现场清防蜡措施也做出详尽的描述，并加以对比评价；(3)改进了油气藏开发重点实验室自行研制组装的高温高压下测定固相沉积的激光装置和测试方法，并用该套设备测定出柯深101井的井口脱气油样和凝析气平衡油样不同压力下的析蜡点，实验结果表明，脱气油和平衡油析蜡规律相反；(4)将常规气-液两相相图和析蜡曲线叠加得到了气—液—固三相相图，从而解释了气-液两相等液量线在低温区域偏离正常并快速上翘是由于体系有石蜡固相出现；(5)利用实验测试的析蜡温度预测析蜡位置，表明只有在距井口465m油管以上会有蜡析出。

In this paper,the method of linear stability analysis is used to study the onset of slugging for oil-gas two-phase flow in a horizontal tube.

实验是在西安交通大学多相流国家重点实验室的油气实验台上进行的，实验台的结构简图见图1。

Detection of HLA B27, a very important basis for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis and other joint diseases of the vertebral column, is of a remarkable clinical significance.

由于二者的强相关性，HLA B2 7的检测已成为临床诊断和鉴别诊断AS的重要辅助手段，因此，改进实验条件、提高实验的精确度、杜绝漏检和假阳性的发生率是实验室为临床提供实验依据

Based on the existing experiment condition, the institute of physical culture of Nanchang Hangkong University has innovated traditional experiment teaching and schemed out comprehensive experiment, which combined book knowledge and sports practice consanguineously.

南昌航空大学体育学院根据实验室现有条件，对传统实验教学进行改革，设计成综合性实验。该实验既与课本知识紧密结合，又与运动实践密切相关。

Moreover, it is easier to control the temperature in the jacketed stirred tank than in the fluidized bed.

而通常结垢问题都发生高温系统，如热交换器等，且本实验室之前在探讨有关磁场对结垢的影响方面，都是在常温下进行，所以本实验将就此重要的变数-温度进行讨论，又由於实验在搅拌槽中进行会比在流化床中进行更容易控制温度，故本实验将在搅拌槽中，探讨磁场与温度对文石成长速率的影响。

The result indicates that normalizing the management of five links such as experiment preparation, experiment manipulation, note labels and equipment check-up, experiment report, experiment examination and laboratory opening, and in each link puting forward the explicit reques...

规范实验预习、实验操作、记录审签与器材检查、实验报告、实验考核与实验室开放等5个环节的管理，每一环节均对教师和学生提出明确的要求，环环相扣，使每一环节均落到实处。

In recent years, because experiment ability has been the important contents of the college entrance examination ,educators are gradually pay attention to the instruction research of Biological Experiment ability which domestic data is less ,and the data is oppositely more little that about test and investigation into Quasi—teachers' Experiment Teaching Ability of Biology This research investigates and analyzes the upperclassmen' evaluation importance of experiment teaching ability who are in College of Life Science of Shanxi Teachers'University .

实验安全维护能力和指导实验结束后的讨论活动能力是被国外和台湾学术界普遍认为的两项重要能力，在这里却退居较重要能力，这是否是我们大学、中学实验教学缺少实验室安全维护和实验结束后的讨论活动要求的一种真实反应？如果真是这样，那么，最现实、迫切的实验教学改革便需从此处入手了。

In this study, a commercial CAD/CAM Software is used to plan and generate the multi-axis tool path, and a table rotating/tilting type five-axis machining center is used to perform the experimental machining operation. The material of the die studied is NAK 80 die tool steel, and the geometries are modeled as concave and convex spherical surfaces. Milling parameters considered are spindle speed, feed rate, and different types of cutting tool path. The experimental results show that the surface roughness for concave spherical surface is about 0.247 μm and roundness is about 0.0283 mm and the surface roughness for convex spherical surface is about 0.250 μm and spherical roundness is about 0.0551 mm under the cutting conditions mentioned in this study.

本研究的实验方法与步骤包括利用商用CAD/CAM系统针对实验对象规划三轴/五轴同动加工路径，并经后处理程式转换，在本实验室之平台倾斜/旋转型之五轴加工机上进行实验，实验对象为NAK80模具钢材料之凹与凸球形曲面之加工，此外考虑的切削条件有主轴转速、进给速度、加工路径等，在本研究所设定之最佳切削条件下，凹球形曲面之真圆度约为0.0283 mm，粗糙度为0.247 μm，而在相同切削条件下，凸球形曲面之真圆度为0.0551 mm，粗糙度为0.250 μm。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。