实际气体

In the dissertation, it is systematically demonstrated that soft sensing technology's background, relating theories and skills, problems in application and their solutions. On this basis, some new methods about data processing, on-line tuning are proposed, and an generalized soft sensing software package is developed, which get successful applications in Gas Separator Unit and FCCU of oil refinery.

本文系统阐述了软测量问题的产生的背景、软测量问题的有关理论和方法，并讨论了软测量技术在实际应用过程中所遇到的问题及其解决方案，提出了数据处理，模型实时校正、应用实施等方面的一些新方法，建立了通用的软测量软件包，并在炼油厂气体分馏装置、催化裂化装置获得成功的应用。

The new nonlinear percolation law can be used for study of gas nonlinear percolation theory in low permeable medium and engineering application. It provides the theoretical ground for the development of gas resource in low permeable medium and the geological evaluation of low permeable medium environment, and makes the important reference for practical engineering application of many fields.

新的非线性渗流定律可运用于低渗透介质气体非线性渗流理论及工程应用研究，为低渗透介质天然气资源开发与低渗透岩石介质环境地质工程评价奠定了理论基础，对多种领域的工程实际应用具有重要指导意义。

Simulating the real conditions in sour petroleum tanks, the naturnal oxidation tendency of iron sulfides formed by hydron sulfide reacting with iron hydroxide, ferric oxide and magnetite was studied.

模拟油品储罐中的实际情况，重点研究了由硫化氢气体与铁及铁的腐蚀产物（包括铁的氧化物和氢氧化物）反应所生成的铁的硫化物的自然氧化倾向性。

Firstly, during the research of the testing andinspection system of the throttle body assembly, the aerodynamics is used ,thecontrolling strategy and communication protocol of ECU are contacted foracquiring and transferring data. Furthermore, in view of the real driving instanceof motorcycle, it is important that librating and lasting simulative tests areperformed.

首先，在节气门体总成检测系统的研究过程中，要运用到气体动力学，还要结合控制单元的控制策略、通讯协议进行数据采集、传输；此外，要针对摩托车整车实际运行情况进行必要的振动、耐久模拟检测。

A new study idea that makes the occupant injury prevention research and CAD/CAE technology on an integrate mathematical model by means of feature theories and feature design technologies was brought, and it is maybe useful if we study automobile passive safety on a new view of point.The conclusions of this thesis included that what are the main factors of airbag-related injuries and the preventive measures, based on the research of the relationships between injury parameters, such as HIC, chest acceleration, neck force, neck moment, femur axial force etc, and impact speed, belt-use, occupant size (50th and 5th), sitting position and so on. The thesis evaluated whether the effectiveness of the airbag can be increased by making the airbag adaptive to the crash conditions, and points out that the size of the ventilation hole has the dominating influence on the performance of the airbag and is a key factor for intelligent airbag, multi-stage and lower-power inflator can cost effectively minimize the risk of injury to occupants from crashes. It is important for the researchers of intelligent airbag to keep the small size unbelted occupants in focus and it is necessary to study deeply the influence of airbag fold patterns and the extremity out-of-position situation. These topics are important in the study of occupant injury prevention and vehicle safety design.

论文研究得出产生气囊损伤的主要原因和防护措施；在研究汽车碰撞速度、安全带使用情况、乘员的体型5~(th和50~、乘员乘坐的位置等不同事故条件作用下，乘员的头部、颈部、胸部和腿部损伤参数变化规律的基础上，论文从能量因素出发，深入研究了安全气囊卸载能力、气体发生器产气能力和气囊折叠对乘员损伤参数的影响，指出起卸载作用的排气孔其截面积是智能型安全气囊最重要的控制参数之一，以及采用降能展开或二次充气气囊有助于提高汽车安全防护性等重要结论；论文在参数分析的基严内容提要2 础上得出的智能型安全气囊应以不佩戴安全带的5乘员作为主要防护目标进行研究、有必要深入研究气囊折叠形式和司机处于极端离位状况时对损伤参数的影响等结论，对深入进行汽车乘员碰撞损伤研究和汽车安全性设计都具有重要的理论和工程实际意义。

The results of thermal characteristics and environmental protection performance tests show that in the CWS-fired boiler the output obtained is 14.123 MW, the combustion efficiency is 98% and the boiler efficiency is 89.975%, and CWS fuel can be burned cleanly, steadily and with high efficiency, which proves the technology is a promising oil-saving combustion technology.

其热工性能和环保性能的测试结果表明，用该型水煤浆锅炉实际出力达14.123 MW，燃烧效率高达98%，热效率为89.975%，热效率高出力足；烟尘及污染气体排放均未超过现行国标限值，采用该技术可实现水煤浆的高效、清洁、稳定燃烧，是一种前景广阔的代油燃烧技术。

The invention has the advantages of easy producing, convenient maintenance, safe and convenient use, and wide working gas range; the temperature, the length, the thickness and the amount of the plasma body jet can be adjusted according to the practical application, the application range of the plasma body technology is further expanded and the application effect is improved.

本发明易制作、好维护、使用安全方便，工作气体范围广，等离子体喷流温度、长度、粗细及数量均可根据实际应用进行调整，进一步拓展了等离子体技术的应用范围，提高了其应用效果。

At present, there are many methods for transformer fault diagnosis based on DGA. In this paper, fuzzy cluster analysis is introduced in analyzing the chromatographic data of transformer oil, and existing problems of this method are discussed.

目前基于溶解气体分析的变压器故障诊断方法有很多，本文尝试将模糊聚类分析方法应用到变压器油色谱数据的分析中来，并针对该方法在实际应用中存在的问题进行了分析讨论。

By reading this paper, readers can see gas sensor principle, the theoretical basis and practical application.

通过阅读本文，读者可以了解到气体传感器的工作原理、理论基础和实际应用。

Some even argue that palm-oil and acacia plantations can actually help reduce GHG emissions, though scientists scoff at this notion when the plantations are on cleared natural forest and, especially, peatland.

有些人甚至认为，棕油种植园和金合欢种植园实际有利于降低温室气体排放量，尽管科学家们对此说嗤之以鼻，因为建种植园要烧毁野生林，尤其是烧掉了泥炭土。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。