实际性

After certifying the irreality of ideal filtering function, we can get a better filter selecting a proper window function. Comparing two actual filters, we designate a good"Panama hat"filtering function. Meanwhile, an effectively linear interpolating function is introduced to raise the image reconstruction quality. Describing its realizing steps on the micro-computer briefly, we reconstructed some images from the anlogue projections of some models. The number of projection views is 180, 100 same interval parallel lines per view; the size of reconstructed images is 64×64 pixels with 64 gray levels; the reconstructing speeds are 40" on PC-386 and 12"on PC-486, respectively; each pixel is 0.31mm.

在证明了理想滤波器的不可实现性之后，得知通过选择适当的窗函数可获得很好的滤波函数，经过两个实际滤波器的效果对比，我们选取了较好的"巴拿马帽"形滤波函数，同时也介绍了一个有效的提高重建质量的线性内插函数，概要地叙述了平行射束图象重建的计算机具体实现步骤后，对几个物体的模拟投影数据进行了重建：投影角为180°，每视角下有100个平行投影数据点，在386微机上重建尺寸为64×64，时间约为40秒；在486/33MHz微机上只用了12秒，图象的象点精度是0.31mm。

Karp introduced the now standard methodology for proving problems to be NP-complete which has led to the identification of many theoretical and practical problems as being computationally difficult.

Karp 的方法使得许多理论和实际问题被确认为从可计算性角度而言是复杂的或困难的。

The nonlinearity and discrete gradient inherited in CAViaR model is a conundrum for parameter estimation. We take the asymmetric Laplace distribution with scale parameter as the error process; indicate the variance has a minimum positive value when the scale parameter is a constant, conflicting with the distribution of real financial data. Further we estimate the parameters of indirect TARCH-CAViaR model base on Bayesian framework and Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The optimal scale parameter can also be obtained by Markov chain Monte Carlo method.

CAViaR一般模型中递归分位回归方程的非线性和非连续可微性是参数估计的一个难题，基于含有尺度参数的不对称拉普拉斯分布作为误差过程，指出将尺度参数固定为常数会导致不对称拉普拉斯分布随机变量的方差存在最小正值的限制，与实际金融数据分布不符；进而提出采用贝叶斯分析和马尔科夫链蒙特卡罗模拟方法，估计间接TARCH-CAViaR模型的参数，并可获得尺度参数的合理估计。

The FFT of Laplace equation on the regular domain is studied.

鉴于实际工程设计需要，还分析了介质层分界面的不平整性对电磁参数的影响。

According to the result, the confidence region of unknown parameters in single-index models is constructed. Finally, we consider the test of correlation and heterogeneity for hierarchical nonlinear mixed-effects models. According to Laplace approximation expansion of integrated log-quasilikelihood, a class of score test statistics is proposed. Under some very mild conditions, we prove the asymptotic distribution of the test statistics is a standard X~2-distribution. Through a Monte Carlo simulation study, the finite sample performance is examined.

最后，我们研究的第四个问题是分层非线性随机混合效应模型的相关性与异方差性检验问题，依据对数拟积分似然的Laplace近似展开提出了检验统计量，在一些正则条件下，得到了检验统计量的渐近分布是一个标准的χ~2-(来源：d7d7A65BC论文网www.abclunwen.com)分布，通过Monte Carlo模拟研究了其小样本的表现，实例验证了其实际应用。

Lattice theory is a branch of mathematics.

格是离散数学的一个分支，超模函数对于函数的连续、可导性没有要求，因此更接近企业管理的实际问题。

Because of the nonuniqueness in the positional solution, it's not easy to test the performance of the coordinated control system. So the model of NN was built to convert the vector of the length of 6 jars into the vector of the position of the motion deck. It's fast and accurate for the lengthwise direction. The state space system model of the six degree freedom motion simulator was built by the equations of electrodraulic servo mechanism and the multi-body dynamics equation of the six degree freedom motion simulator,the vector of the length of 6 jars was the control variable.

本文结合六自由度运动模拟器的多体动力学方程和电液伺服驱动机构的特性，经简化得出了具有实际意义的六自由度运动模拟器整体系统的状态空间方程式，通过分析该系统的稳定条件和能控性，采用状态反馈对系统的状态方程式进行合理配置，从而建立了以运动模拟器杆长向量为控制变量的运动模拟器整体控制系统，并将该控制系统输出的杆长向量转换为位置向量。

Fourthly, taking three groups of water quality data of Jinhe River as original data, prediction to water quality of the river was made. Compared with real monitored value, the error of predicted value of all of simulating terms, including dissolved oxygen, bio-chemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll a, organic nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, organic phosphorus, dissolved phosphorus and temperature, were basically within error limit of 20%, which validated the validity of the model.

第四，以津河三组水质数据为原始数据，通过建立的模型对津河水质进行预测，水质变量溶解氧、BOD、叶绿素、有机氮、氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、硝酸盐氮、有机磷、溶解性磷和温度的预测值与实际监测值均在所设定的误差范围20%之内，验证了模型的有效性。

According to this proposition, the author of this text attempts to analyze the execution strength of our government and put forward the corresponding suggestive measure; Especially in socialist new period, under the leadership of the scientific development view of " human-oriented , develop harmoniously ", as one administrative researcher , the author want to seek truth from facts, especially from the practical problem to the people and the things which closely relate to the people,so as to improve the people's living standard , the trust sense and the pride sense to our government.

根据这一论题，本文作者试图分析我国政府的执行力，并提出相应的建议性措施；尤其是在社会主义新时期，"以人为本，和谐发展"的科学发展观的指引下，作为一名行政研究者，更是要实事求是，在实实在在的、对人民群众有着密切关系的方面来探讨实际问题，以此提高人民群众的生活水平，增强政府的信任感和自豪感。

It is the environment of financial management to decide the change of other elements and it is the financial management objectives as the logic starting point element and the basic clue is the financial management practice activity, so that it can put the tight logic relation of them in order, and construct the new financial management theoretical system after " entry to WTO", which have certain innovative. Secondly, this paper analyses the changes of each elements according to our countrys circumstances, which have certain comprehensive. Thirdly, this paper adheres to unition of theory and practise, and demonstrates in terms of the conditions in our country, which have guidance meaning to the financial management practice.

首先，本文对"入世"后我国企业财务管理理论构成元素进行界定，共包括十二个元素，确定变动点元素是财务管理环境、逻辑起点元素是财务管理目标、基本线索是财务管理实践活动，从而理清它们之间相丘联系和伯互依存的严密逻辑关系，建立新的企业财务管理理论框架，具有一定的创新性；其次，本文结合我国加入＊后的具体国情，对我国企业财务管理理论创新重点进行深入浅出的分析，具有一定的前瞻性：再次，本文坚持理沦性与实践性的统一，立论及论证都紧扣我国的实际情况，对实践有一定的指导意义。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐