实际主义

The special thing about Liu's art is that his works are not expressions of general emotions (what is commonly known as 'follow the feelings'), or graceful skills, or utilitarian interpretations of practical questions the latter is originated from France in the 18th century and its revolutionary tradition, namely political and utilitarian behaviorism tradition. French didacticism philosophers in the 18th century, just like the early renaissant civic humanists, advocated active and vibrant way of life and fought against ruminative way. They were not interested in metaphysics, and cared about practical issues—moral, mental and social--in their lives. They were confident of human future and held undoubted faith in history progress.

刘永刚的艺术的独特之处，就在于其作品中的表现性，不是一般性的情绪化的表现，不只是我们通常认为的"跟着感觉走"，也不是技巧性的优雅表现，或是对现实问题的功利性的主题解释，后者来源于18世纪的法国及法国革命传统，即政治化、功利化的行动主义传统。18世纪的法国启蒙主义哲学家，像文艺复兴早期的公民人文者一样，崇尚积极活跃的生活，不赞成沉思默想的生活，对形而上学没有兴趣，关心此时此地的人生中的实际问题——道德的、心理的、社会的问题，他们对人类的前途充满了信心，对历史的进步具有毫不怀疑的信念。

We have merely put the practical reason in place of the theoretical: so far as the value of knowledge is concerned the antithesis between Monism and Pluralism is more apparent than real, and the latter is as far from the saneness of realistic Dualism as the former.

我们只是把实际的原因，在地方的理论：到目前为止，作为知识的价值是关注的对立面之间的一元和多元主义是更明显多于实际，后者是据从saneness现实的二元对立，因为前者。

Among them, the long term interest rate is chosen as the intermediary target by Keynes school, and money supply chosen by Monetarism, the interest rate chosen by horizontalism with consideration that the interest rate elasticity of the monetary demand is very high, and William Poole thinks that the choice of intermediary s targets must depend on two factors: First is which is more unstable between the actual economy and money. Second is the slope of IS and LM curve.

现将每章的主要内容分述如下：论文第一章对货币政策中介目标国内外的理论作了一个研究综述，提出理论界在选择货币政策中介目标方面的不同观点，其中国外有：凯恩斯主义认为应将长期利率作为中介目标，货币学派认为应将货币供应量作为货币政策的中介目标，普尔认为中介目标的选择必须取决于两个因素：一是实际领域和货币领域哪个部门更不稳定，二是IS和LM曲线的斜率；水平主义理论主张，在货币需求的利率弹性很高的前提下，利率也就成为货币政策的中介目标。

The special thing about Liu's art is that his works are not expressions of general emotions (what is commonly known as 'follow the feelings'), or graceful skills, or utilitarian interpretations of practical questions the latter is originated from France in the 18th century and its revolutionary tradition, namely political and utilitarian behaviorism tradition. French didacticism philosophers in the 18th century, just like the early renaissant civic humanists, advocated active and vibrant way of life and fought against ruminative way. They were not interested in metaphysics, and cared about practical issues—moral, mental and social--in their lives. They were confident of human future and held undoubted faith in history progress.

刘永刚的艺术的独特之处，就在于其作品中的表现性，不是一般性的情绪化的表现，不只是我们通常认为的&跟着感觉走&，也不是技巧性的优雅表现，或是对现实问题的功利性的主题解释，后者来源于18世纪的法国及法国革命传统，即政治化、功利化的行动主义传统。18世纪的法国启蒙主义哲学家，像文艺复兴早期的公民人文者一样，崇尚积极活跃的生活，不赞成沉思默想的生活，对形而上学没有兴趣，关心此时此地的人生中的实际问题——道德的、心理的、社会的问题，他们对人类的前途充满了信心，对历史的进步具有毫不怀疑的信念。

He called for greater efforts to promote the sinicization of Marxism and to explore the new horizon of Marxism in contemporary China.

他号召大家尽最大的努力促进马克思主义与中国的实际相结合并在当代中国探索马克思主义新的思想领域。

Cultural forms are not only the important embodiment and substantial contents of sinicized Marxism, but also the important impetus in realizing the sinicization of Marxism.

文化形态不只是马克思主义中国化进程的重要体现和实际内容，而且也是马克思主义之所以能够实现中国化的重要推动力量。

The eighty years history of CPC indicate that to combine the Marxism social development impetus theory with the practice of Chinese revolution and construction, to boost the sinicizing of Marxism social development impetus theory, to form the contradiction impetus theory of Mao Zedong, reform impetus theory of Deng Xiaoping, innovation impetus theory of Jiang Zemin and harmony impetus theory of Hu Jintao.

中国共产党八十多年历史表明，把马克思主义社会发展动力理论与中国革命和建设的实际相结合，推进马克思主义社会发展动力理论的中国化，形成了毛泽东的矛盾动力论、邓小平的改革动力论、江泽民的创新动力论以及胡锦涛的和谐动力论这一一脉相承的中国化的社会发展动力理论。

And evetually the Chinese people chose Marxism, for which is related by blood with the Chinese traditional culture.

中国共产党在实践中发现了用马克思主义解决中国问题的途径和方法———马克思主义普遍真理和中国具体实际相结合。

The teaching theories of using construction, the theories of information processes , the study theories of person ism, according to the essence that the student cognizes the regulation and knows to the thing, studied the chemistry web-based instruction mode and the chemistry network teaching system course designs of the high school in actual teaching work.

运用建构主义教学理论、信息加工理论、人本主义学习理论，根据学生认知规律和对事物认识的本质，在实际教学工作中研究了中学化学网络教学模式和化学网络教学系统课程设计。

Neither simple localisms nor simple universalisms are sustainable here -- neither claims to a monolithic national sovereignty or interest or character (which are cast into doubt by internal dissent and pluralism), nor claims to universally grounded standards (which founder on the plurality of actual worldviews and moral perspectives).

在此，单独的地方主义或单独的普世主义都是不能持续的——无论是宣称完整的民族国家主权，国家利益或民族特性（这些会因为内部的异议和内部的多元主义而受到质疑），还是主张奠基于普遍基础的规范（这种主张因为实际的世界观和道德视角的多元性而失败）。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。