实质问题

This article analysiss the reasons to the problems of peasant-workers such as being discriminated, the deficiency of the right to work, the unstable equivalence in social psychology and so on, besides from historical , ideal aspects to systematic aspect. It plays an emphasis on the cult rural philosophy: it says that the critical factor of peasant-workers problem is the transition chassis of their living style. That is to say, it arises during the period from the tradition agriculturist civilization to modern industrial civilization.

本文针对农民工群体在社会转型期产生的诸如受歧视、劳动权益缺失、社会心理失衡等主要问题，除了从一般的历史性、观念性、体制性等分析其成因外，主要从文化哲学的角度指出，农民工问题的实质是生存方式转换的危机问题，是在中国传统农业文明向现代工业文明的转型过程中不断敞开的。

independent audit is essenttially a group of contract among client,bailee and federation of cpa.those factors, such as economic activity's uncertainty,asymmetric information and limited rationality have resolved that contract is almost imperfect.so adverse selection and moral hazard always exist in all the course of signing and carrying a contract,and seriously in the responsibility insurance of cpa decided by professional characteristic of independent audit,and particularly in our country decided by "state-owned property right" and "public contract" of our state-owned enterprise.

独立审计实质上是委托人、受托人和注册会计师协会之间的一组契约的集合。经济活动的不确定性和复杂性，信息的不完全和不对称以及签约双方的有限理性等因素决定了契约总是不完备的，几乎在所有契约的签订和履行中，都不同程度地存在逆向选择和道德风险问题；独立审计的职业特点，决定了注册会计师执业责任保险中逆向选择和道德风险问题的严重性；我国国有企业"公有产权"和"公共契约"特性，决定了我国独立审计执业责任保险中逆向选择和道德风险问题的特殊性。

independent audit is essenttially a group of contract among client,bailee and federation of cpa.those factors, such as economic activity's uncertainty,asymmetric information and limited rationality have resolved that contract is almost imperfect.so adverse selection and moral hazard always exist in all the course of signing and carrying a contract,and seriously in the responsibility insurance of cpa decided by professional characteristic of independent audit,and particularly in our country decided by "state－owned property right" and "public contract" of our state－owned enterprise.

摘 要］独立审计实质上是委托人、受托人和注册会计师协会之间的一组契约的集合。经济活动的不确定性和复杂性，信息的不完全和不对称以及签约双方的有限理性等因素决定了契约总是不完备的，几乎在所有契约的签订和履行中，都不同程度地存在逆向选择和道德风险问题；独立审计的职业特点，决定了注册会计师执业责任保险中逆向选择和道德风险问题的严重性；我国国有企业"公有产权"和"公共契约"特性，决定了我国独立审计执业责任保险中逆向选择和道德风险问题的特殊性。

The environmental problem is an economic question in fact.To solve the environmental problem and realize the sustainable development strategy we must utilize important economic means ---- the system of charge in blowdown.

环境问题实质上就是经济问题，解决环境问题，实现可持续发展战略就必须利用重要的经济手段---排污收费制度。

Thus he shut himself up, he lived there, he was absolutely satisfied with it, leaving on one side the prodigious questions which attract and terrify, the fathomless perspectives of abstraction, the precipices of metaphysics--all those profundities which converge, for the apostle in God, for the atheist in nothingness; destiny, good and evil, the way of being against being, the conscience of man, the thoughtful somnambulism of the animal, the transformation in death, the recapitulation of existences which the tomb contains, the incomprehensible grafting of successive loves on the persistent _I_, the essence, the substance, the Nile, and the Ens, the soul, nature, liberty, necessity; perpendicular problems, sinister obscurities, where lean the gigantic archangels of the human mind; formidable abysses, which Lucretius, Manou, Saint Paul, Dante, contemplate with eyes flashing lightning, which seems by its steady gaze on the infinite to cause stars to blaze forth there.

他自己便隐藏在那里，生活在那里，绝对心满意足，不理睬那些诱人而又骇人的重大问题，如抽象理论的无可揣摹的远景以及形而上学的探渊，所有那些针对同一问题的玄妙理论他都抛在一边，留给上帝的信徒和否定上帝的虚无论者去处理，这些玄论有命运、善恶、生物和生物间的斗争、动物的半睡眠半思想状态、死后的转化、坟墓中的生命总结、宿世的恩情对今生的"我"的那种不可理解的纠缠、元精、实质、色空、灵魂、本性、自由、必然，还有代表人类智慧的巨神们所探索的那些穷高极深的问题，还有卢克莱修①、摩奴②、圣保罗和但丁曾以炬火似的目光，凝神仰望那仿佛能使群星跃出的浩阔天空。

The essence of the traditional theodicy is a basic question of righteousness in the relationship of man-man, although this is expressed as a formulation of the relationship of man-God.

传统神义论问题的实质，为人人关系的正义性的基础问题，虽然该问题以人神关系的方式表达出来。

By investigation and comparative method, the author analyzes the now-running service model, ie., the loosing and half-tightening service model in the consultatory service and concludes that failure to prevent the legal issue is the major problem of the legal consultatory service. The external and internal causes of the problem are discussed.

论文运用比较分析法、调查分析法对现有的法律顾问业务模式——松散型和半紧密型存在的问题进行剖析，归纳出问题之所在——不能很好地实现事前防范为主、事后补救为辅的法律顾问应有功能，并进一步深入分析现有业务模式存在问题的内因、外因和实质原因。

Considering the historical transition and the feature of modernity of the western philosophical theme,the understanding and construction of the ultimateness,infinity,integrity and non-substantiality and so on of Tao in China's philosophy not only provides the most powerful demonstration for the contemporariness of China's philosophy,but also offers boundless possibility for the visual threshold of the question of the fusion of China's philosophy into contemporary philosophy.

如果从&世界主义&的视角，把&合法性&理解为&合时性&的话，那么&现代性&问题的实质，就是作为原创性的历史存在的中国哲学，能否融入当代哲学主题，并参与当代哲学建构的问题。为使讨论相对集中，本文试从西方哲学主题的历史转换和具有现代性的问题境域入手，解读中国哲学的现代性问题，希望能够从中找到中国哲学&合法性&或&合时性&的内在根据，以挺立中国哲学的民族主体性，并展示中国哲学的世界性、现代性和独特价值。

Scientific progress is the hyle of scientific development, the problem of scientific progress is one of the kernel problems in conception of science, and it also makes the investigation of the other problem in philosophy of science deepgoing .

科学进步是科学发展的实质所在，科学进步问题是科学观的核心问题之一，也是科学哲学诸问题研究的深化。

Therefore, the issue of their education needs integrated analysis from the two aspects, and overall and macro view of point, aiming to grasp the essence so as to solve it effectively.

因此 ，讨论&流动人口子女教育&的问题，也相应需要从这两个方面的一致之处着眼，以从整体和宏观的角度全面看待这个问题，把握问题的实质并更好地解决问题。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。