实证主义的

There are two most notable features for the science outlook of positivism taking the logical positivism for representative: one is positivism; the other is scientism.

以逻辑实证主义为代表的实证主义科学观有两个最显著的特征：一是实证主义；二是科学主义。

Though the logic positivism has already declined day by day as a genre of contemporary western philosophy of science,but the view about drawing a clear demarcation between science and humane studies and the basic science view of logic positive still has heavy influence very so far,it is even still deep-rooted in the heads of some people.

虽然逻辑实证主义作为当代西方科学哲学的一个流派已经日趋衰落，但是，逻辑实证主义对科学的根本看法和关于科学和人文两个世界的截然划分等观念至今仍有很大的影响，甚至在某些人的头脑中根深蒂固。

Due to the important role of Positivist Historiography, the research has been strengthened these years.

鉴于实证主义史学在中国史学发展史上的重要地位，近几年来学术界对实证主义史学的研究进一步加强，但现有的研究成果仍存在许多不足之处。

There is no need to list in detail the previous conclusions on what reality is - Plato, Descartes, Marxism, Positivism, Psychologism, Nietzsche, Phenomenology, and Existentialism had all attempted to provide their own answers.

这里无需一一列出那些讨论的结果--柏拉图的、笛卡尔的、马克思主义的、实证主义的、心理主义的、尼采的、现象学的、存在主义的--而只需说明：关于什么是现实，人们并没有获得共识。

The natural law has shared the same subject with the law positivism that legal epistemology mode ---- subject and object. Phronesis is to surmount natural law and legal positivism .It establishes a rational mode of understanding legal norm!

自然法学与法实证主义分享了主体——客体的法认识论模式，超越自然法与法实证主义意味着要树立一种对法规范认识的合理模式，这就是西方实践哲学传统中的实践理性！

It concludes that Quine's philosophy has notescaped the captivity of scientism,however,he tried to integrate pragmatism andlogical positivism.As a result,Quine made logical positivism turn from anarrow and rigid empiricism to a pragmatistic one.The pragmatistic positivismwas soon accepted by many philosophers and preluded to new pragmatism.

认为，尽管蒯因哲学在科学认识论问题上尚未完全脱离科学主义的囚禁，但他在语言哲学的理论框架下把实用主义与逻辑实证主义结合到一起，使逻辑实证主义从一种过于狭隘、过于僵硬的经验主义过渡到一种实用主义的、约定论的经验主义，这种实用主义化了的逻辑实证主义很快为人们接受并成为新实用主义兴起的序幕

It inhered from Qianjia historiography the textual research principle Doubt without proof, tt also absorbed the evolution opinion from the western positivist historiography.

实证主义史学一方面继承了乾嘉史学&无征不信&、实事求是的考证原则，另一方面也吸收了西方实证主义史学提倡的进化史观。

The standard of knowledge is open, and is shaped by common sense using conversation between knowers and beknowers.

学习者是被动的、被塑造和被利用的客体，没有自己的声音和权利；受工具理性的支配，研究者以实证主义的定量化、形式化作为教师教育研究的方法；科学知识的霸权地位剥夺了本土知识的合法性，造成了研究者对我国教师教育发展历史、尊师重教的民族传统、基本国情以及独特的教师教育资源等的&集体遗忘&，也造成了研究者多元思想的祛魅。

BEHAVIOURISM is a branch of psychology that emerged from* positivism. Behaviorism is founded on the premise that behavior is measurable and can be changed through the application of various behavioral principles.

行为主义可以说是实证主义的一个哲学分支，是建立在关于行为是可以测量的而且可以通过不同的行为准则的运用发生变化的前提上的。

This do not make of regressions toward to positivism,but forming a new ...

这并不构成向实证主义的回归，而正在构成新的实践优位的科学实践哲学研究进路；给出对观察/实验与理论各种复杂关系的一个初步分析，观察/实验的确与理论的关系在不同阶段、有不同的特征和变化，不同品格的观察/实验与理论有不同的关系；不能以一个普遍的命题勾勒它们之间的关系。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。