实现

According to the development trend of computer software, and making most use of mutual supplementation of workflow and GIS technology, the author introduces new solution using component software technology and "Plugln" to integrate GIS and Workflow to implement the information system with the integration of graphic data and text Finally, based on a case study on the construction project management information system, the concrete implementation of the integration of GIS and Workflow is introduced.

最后，作者以建设项目管理为例，介绍了GIS和工作流技术结合的具体方法和实现。结果表明，工作流技术和GIS的结合为图文一体化信息系统的实现提供了较好的解决方案，既满足了对海量空间信息的管理，又实现了系统流程控制的的灵活性，增强了软件的可维护性。

If the highest level of gross receipts is realized in year one, then the probabilities of subsequently realizing the highest level of gross receipts for the second year are considerably higher than if the lowest level of gross receipts in the first year was realized.

如果最高水平的总收益，实现了一年的可能性，随后实现最高水平的总收益在第二年都远远高于如果最低水平的总收益在第一年里实现了。

Using the uniform information channels and the technology of SOAP and COM/DCOM/COM+, information integration among tool management system, ERP/MRPII, CAM and CAPP system is come true. Finally, the distributed tool management system is developed in using mutil-tired Client/Server model as the frame of software. It has the functions of tool general management, searching milling cutting data for CAM by providing the milling cutting data e-book and computer aided tool selection for CAPP by using expert system. The tool management system offers the tool-coding function, too. The study of tool management system in DNC improves the level of tool management and the flexible of arranging production, haleness and the automatic extent of DNC systems.

依托DNC系统统一的、强大的通信平台和采用SOAP、COM／DCOM／COM~+信息集成技术，实现了刀具管理系统和上层管理系统ERP／MRPⅡ、CAD／CAM／CAPP系统、下层数控加工设备之间的信息集成，并采用三层Client／Server软件体系架构开发了相应的分布式刀具管理系统，实现了刀具的日常管理和调度功能，并建立了一套适合DNC系统使用的刀具编码原则和刀具辅助编码系统，应用铣削用量电子手册为CAM提供铣削用量查询功能和运用知识库系统为CAPP提供简易的粗铣加工使用的铣刀类型和刀具材料辅助选取功能，提高了DNC中刀具及相关信息的管理水平和刀具信息集成程度，达到实现DNC系统中刀具信息共享，提高DNC系统的生产组织柔性、健壮性及其自动化程度的目的。

The using of the technologies of DOA in the orientation estimating of interference is discussed, then an evolutive ESPRIT algorithm is put forward which avoids the eigendecomposition and is easily achieved. To the MUSIC algorithm, an easy eigendecomposition algorithm for Hermitian matrix is presented. It breaks away form the complex matrix decomposition such as QR algorithm. Basing on the whole matrix, the algorithm makes use of the multiplication operation of matrix and vector, which attains simpleness and is fit for DSP. In the field of DOA estimating of correlation interferences, spatial smoothing algorithm consumes too many array units.

讨论了DOA技术在干扰源方位估计中的应用，提出了一种ESPRIT演变算法，该算法避开了特征值分解，实现简便；在MUSIC算法的实现中提出了一个Hermitian矩阵特征值分解算法，该算法摆脱了复杂矩阵分解，从矩阵整体出发，主要的运算是矩阵与矢量的乘运算，算法简单，非常适合DSP芯片实现；在相关源的DOA估计中，空间平滑技术使阵元的损失非常大，本文提出了一种进一步降低阵元消耗的平滑技术—随机空间增益法，其在运算量上的增加很小，但对于相干源的去相关确是有效的。

Auto-configuration and management of the system node on the base of communication has been implemented in the subject. On one hand, self-management of the system has been figured out. Not only variety in I/O ports but in bus nodes or modules, as long as keeping the data in the system configuration database in accordance with the physical conjunction, the software and hardware of the system need not to be calibrated by the operators.

本课题在实现通讯的基础上，实现了对系统节点的自动配置和管理，一方面实现了系统的自我管理，无论是IO点的变化还是总线节点、模块的变化，只要保持系统配置数据库中的数据与物理连接相一致，系统的软、硬件无需人为改动。

In order to measure the passive network's conduction automatically, a network conduction instrumentation based on FPGA technology was designed and implemented according to the design principle of Virtual Instrument. System adopted FPGA technology building a digital flat-top to imitatively produce the high quality sine signal. Under the control of C8051MCU, measurement, calculation and display of the port network's conduction were automatic implementation. Furthermore, the system has the function of frequency step measurement.

摘 要：为了实现对无源端口网络的导纳进行自动测量，根据虚拟仪器设计思想，设计实现了基于FPGA的网络导纳测量仪，系统以FPGA作为数字平台模拟产生优质的正弦信号，在单片机C8051的控制和处理下，自动实现端口网络导纳值的测量、计算、显示，同时具有频率步进测量功能。

ABSTRACT Aiming at problems of trans-vector controller in a vehicle-carried induction motor such as variable rotor and stator resistance following motor temperature, and their inductance varying with flux saturation degrees. Firstly, CSI and VSI are introduced, for CSI, it can hold the advantages both FOC and DTC using stator flux directional, PI parameter and simulation are also introduced. Secondly, equations of IM in the synchronous rotary frame and its static counterpart, as figuring in the saturation condition of magnetic field, are dealt in this paper and the simulation results are presented. Thereafter, the parameter designing of PI trans-vector controller is processed, which features the non-linear model. In practical realization, as neglecting the dynamical change of motor inductance, this paper employs online modification of inductance parameters, according to the flux saturation, then transforms the non-linear equations into linear ones, and so compacts the structure of controller. Thirdly, in view of the maximum torque output is extraordinary requisite when Electrical Vehicle start up, accelerate, and overtake, this paper issues the maximum torque when both inverter and battery capacity is corporeally definite. Fourthly, on-line differentiating and analyzing both rotor's time constants and its flux by using the expanding order reduction and discrete Kalman filter equation are fathomed, in order to realize high-performance trans-vector algorithm, and also the simulation results are presented. Fifthly, the close-loop regenerative brake system, when the EV's torque is set constant, is deduced; at the same time, unification of electric drive model and brake model is executed. Combined with maximum charge current demands, the mathematical model for online yielding torque as a demand.

本论文针对车载异步电机在矢量控制器所遇到的问题：定转子电阻随温度变化及随电机饱和程度变化的转子电感及定子电感而影响电机调速性能提出一套完整的解决方案：分析了电流型逆变器和电压型逆变器在实现矢量控制时控制器参数的计算，分析出对于电流型逆变器在采用定子磁场定向时，其性能同时具有矢量控制和直接转矩控制两者的优势，并对电压型逆变器在转子磁场定向下的模型进行了仿真研究；建立异步电机非线性模型，推导出考虑磁饱和时异步电机在同步旋转坐标系及静止坐标系下的方程，并做出了仿真结果，建立异步电机在非线性模型下的矢量控制调节器的PI参数设计，在实际应用中，若忽略电机电感的动态变化，可以根据当前的磁路饱和状态而在线修正电感参数，从而将非线性方程线性化，降低控制器的复杂度；考虑到电动汽车在起动和加速超车时需要电机有最大转矩输出，本文讨论在逆变器容量一定和电池供电能力有限的情况下电机最大转矩输出问题；推导了异步电机扩展降阶、离散卡尔曼滤波方程在线辨识转子时间常数和转子磁通，用于实现高性能的矢量控制算法，并给出了仿真结果；推导出了电动汽车恒转矩给定的闭环回馈制动系统，实现了电动控制模型和制动模型的统一，而且结合铅酸电池最大充电电流的要求，为制动转矩在线给定建立了数学模型；设计了基于双DSP系统的高性能矢量控制器软硬件框图，并以大量实验数据说明矢量控制在电动汽车应用的实际应用状况。

In Chapter 4, A detailed comparison between the realization of Cholesky decomposition and OR method is given, a systolic/wavefront array made of general purpose DSP is used to realize the adaptive beamforming at a moderate speed, and a wavefront array to extract the adaptive weights which is necessary in some applications is designed. In Chapter 5, the author proposed a new structure to realize the space time adaptive processing. First 1~q using the FFr and the truncating infinite sequence and sone optimizing method, a much simpler architecture can be acquired in realizing the three portion of channel processing: quadrature sampling, pulse compression and adaptive equalization.

第五章研究并提出了用全通用DSP模块设计空时二维自适应信号处理机的新方案，首先用快速付立叶变换和对长序列截断处理的重叠保留法以大大减少的运算量完成了处理机通道处理部分的正交插值、脉压、自适应均衡三个功能块的长阶数线性卷积运算，接着对自适应波束形成提出了多种实现方案，分析了多种方案下的运算量和设备要求，指出在不同通道数、不同数据吞吐率、不同自适应要求时这几种方案有不同的可行度和实现难度，并针对实际要求确定了一种运算田N、的实现方案，对自适应波束合成部分的大量贝玉以良元组咸肋冈络结拘和处凰闺和羽凶挝娠昨了优化设计以威少设备复杂性，构成了设备量大夕父伯小、们g团回高、辜于生回阴田闩引愧快的空时二维自适囱戏升引毗四机。

In this paper, resource and feature of three-dimensional data model to the arch tunnel and interior installation are mainly researched; design thinking of the arch tunnel model is given out; algorithms of three-dimensional model about tunnel body and the joint part of the adjacent to tunnel body are achieved; in addition, relevance algorithms of texture mapping technology to interior in tunnel body and three-dimensional model of interior installation of tunnel are also researched.

主要研究了拱形巷道及其内部设备三维建模的数据来源和特点；给出了拱形巷道建模的设计思路；研究了实现巷道体和相邻巷道体之间连接处三维建模的算法；另外也研究了实现巷道体内部纹理贴图技术及巷道内部设备三维建模的相关算法；研究了实现三维巷道漫游的算法。

Based on optimizing the interleave algorithm of 3GPP, a turbo encoder is implemented using FPGA technique.

在对3GPP的交织算法进行优化的基础上，基于FPGA技术实现了Turbo码编码器；在对用Max-Log-MAP算法进行优化的基础上，基于DSP技术实现了Turbo码的译码器；最后通过接口实现了一个完整的Turbo码编、译码系统。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷