实变量

All non_array data argument in C are passed "by value"(a copy of the argument is made and passed to the called function; the function can't change the value of the actual variable used as an argument, just the value of the copy it has).

在 C 语言中，所有非数组形式的数据实参均以传值形式（对实参作一份拷贝并传递给调用的函数，函数不能修改作为实参的实际变量的值，而只能修改传递给它的那份拷贝）调用。

Some fundamental properties of fuzzy probability characteristic, such as the fuzzy mean value function, fuzzy covariance function and fuzzy variance function of fuzzy stochastic processes are proved.

3研究了实模糊随机变量的数学期望、方差等模糊概率特征的基本性质以及计算方法，并且讨论了实模糊随机变量的独立性与分析运算的若干基本性质

In this thesis, the virtual boundary integral equation is based on double layer potential with the virtual density to be determined on virtual boundary. Since this integral equation related to double layer potential only involves the computation of the normal derivative and second normal derivative of fundamental solution, the exponential integral function is not involved in it, so numerical computation for the exponential integral function is avoid.

本文则基于双层位势，引入虚拟矩密度函数来建立虚边界积分方程，并首先对时间变量进行解析积分，在虚、实边界上采用常单元和等额配点离散，该方程只涉及含基本解的法向导数及其二阶法向导数项的计算，对时间变量进行解析积分后，不会出现对指数积分函数的空间变量的积分计算。

In order to find out completely the soil-wheat contaiminated by heavy metals in Tianjin sewage farm, we collect samples on the dry land and examinate contents of heavy metals in soil-wheat system. Firstly, the anthor evaluates that soil irrigated by sewage that has been contaminated slightly, the main polluting factors are Cd and Zn, and then the anthor evaluates soil according to different regions, soil types and irrigating water. Secondly, the anthor analyzes content and enrichment ability of heavy metals in different part of wheat, evaluates wheat is contaiminated by Cd widespreadly, only few samples polluted by Zn.Finally the anthor put up correlative analysis about heavy metal contents in the soil-wheat system, as well as plant enrichment coefficient and some physico-chemical properties of soil, and establishes a prognostic model about heavy metal content among wheat spike, soil, soil types, PH, organic matter and salinity with the quantifying theory.The prognostic accuracy of primarily contaminative factors is the best with compound correlative coefficient examining, the model can be founded.With improvement of living level, people need cleaner food.

为全面了解天津市污灌区农产品生产地土壤和旱地作物小麦的重金属污染状况，我们于2004～2005年对全市污灌区的土壤和小麦进行了采样，在对该区土壤—小麦系统中六种重金属元素(Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr和Ni)的含量进行检测的基础上，本文首先分析评价了污灌区农田土壤的环境质量总体已达到了轻度污染水平，主要的污染因子是Cd和Zn，同时对污灌区农田土壤分区县、土壤类型和不同灌水类型进行了评价；然后分析了重金属在小麦不同部位的含量与富集能力，评价了污灌区旱地作物小麦普遍遭受了Cd的污染，只有个别样点遭受了Zn的污染；最后对土壤—小麦系统重金属含量间以及植物富集系数与土壤部分理化性质间进行了相关分析，由于土壤类型是定性变量，本论文以数量化理论建立了小麦穗实中重金属含量与土壤中重金属全量、土壤类型、PH值、有机质和全盐量间的预测模型，经复相关系数检验，污灌区主要的污染因子Cd和Zn的预测精度最高，模型可以成立。

Fri particular, the Wittmann-type strong law of larg numbers for independent random variables is generalized to the case of NA random variables. We also present the sufficient and necessary condition of the laws of logarithm, and we extend Teicher-type strong law of the large numbers for sequence of NA random variables. Some of the laws of iterated logarithm of Teicher-type, Egorov-type arid Wittmann-type for sequence of NA random variables are obtained. Then we investigate the rate3f ionvergcll( fbr series of NA randonl variables, we obtain soIne results fbr tl1e Iaws of theiterated logarithttl, the laws of logarithm and decreasing order fOr the tail sum.Risk itllttlysis tlleory is a sigIlifica11t part of insurance InatheInatics.

Wittmann（1985a）关于实独立随机变量列的结果，并给出了NA列强大数律成立的若干条件，特别建立了一般NA列对数律成立的充分必要条件，在二阶矩存在的条件下完整的解决了一般NA列对数律的问题，中文摘要2而已有的一些NA列对数律的结果可以由它推出，给出了NA列的Teiclier型强大数律，表明lbiChCI·（1979）给出的实独立随机变量列的强大数律可以减弱其条件等；建立厂不问分布NA列的Teicfl仪；Egorov，Petrov型有界重对数律，以及加权同分布NA列的有界重对数律，进一步推广了NA列的Kolmogory有界重对数律等，特别对NA列建立了Wittm洲型有界重对数律，而其证明方法与独立情形有很大不同，同时通过反例表明在与独立场合类似的条件下，独立列的Wittmann有界重对数律不能完美的推广到NA歹小惰形；最后研究了NA随机变量级数的收敛速度，给出了尾和下降的阶；尾和的有界重对数律，及尾和对数律成立的充要条件等，并通过反例说明 NA随机变量级数与独立随机变量级数在收敛速度方面存在的差异。

For an even dimensional compact oriented conformal real manifold without boundary, Connes has constructed a canonical Fredholm module and defined a conformal invariant by the Wodzicki residue.

对于偶数维、紧致、可定向、没有边界的共形实流形，Connes构造了一个标准的Fredholm模，并用Wodzicki留数定义了一个共形不变量。

In particular, a multivariate t distribution is attained to characterize the prediction information corresponding to HMM mean vector and precision matrix.

在实作上我们采用一个多变量的t 分布来代表所选出隐藏式马可夫模型所对应平均向量及预测矩阵的预估资讯之特性。

Also, if a complex analytic function is defined in an open ball around a point x 0, its power series expansion at x 0 is convergent in the whole ball. This is not true in general for real analytic functions.

复解析函数则不同：凡复解析函数必为全纯函数（即复可导，以实变量表示则是满足柯西-黎曼方程），反之亦然，因此全纯函数与解析函数在复分析中是同一类对象。

Fuzzy number valued mapping of real number variable is studied.

研究实变量模糊数值的映射。

Secondly by using the real parameter complex variable error model and its parameter adjusting algorithms developed in this paper, some new parameter identification methods that can be used in the variant speed driving condition are proposed.

其次，应用本文得到的实参数复变量正实误差模型条件下的参数调整算法，给出了2种新的变速驱动时感应电动机定转子参数的辨识算法，它们可以在交流传动系统的参数自适应设计问题中得到应用。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。