实习教师

Enterprises, organizations should be accepted by vocational schools and vocational training institutions training students and teachers; of induction training, and should be given appropriate remuneration.

企业、事业组织应当接纳职业学校和职业培训机构的学生和教师实习；对上岗实习的，应当给予适当的劳动报酬。

The practice that music of 3 elementary school, art teachs professional paper to compose ability to foster considers to make clear, raise student paper to compose ability, should learning ethos of mode, professional academic study, research to advocate independently, exercitation resource is used, literal expression training, teacher coachs the level rises and offer the respect such as safeguard system to take corresponding step.

三届小学音乐、美术教育专业论文写作能力培养的实践探究表明，提高学生论文写作能力，应在自主学习模式、专业理论学习、探究风气倡导、实习资源利用、文字表达练习、教师指导水平提高以及提供保障体系等方面采取相应的办法。

After a period of practice, he was able to pass muster as a qualified teacher .

实习了一段时间以后，他便成了一名合格的教师。

The art teacher's teaching curriculum in America and Hong Kong embodies openness of normal education and a lot of curricula, emphasizing advanced front, closely combines with the foundation education reform, attaches importance to education speciality and information technology training, and values teaching noviciate and practice.

美国与中国香港地区美术教师教育课程体现了师范教育的开放性，从单一化走向多样化；课程门类多，注重前沿学科，并与基础教育的改革紧密衔接；教育课程重视教育专业和资讯科技的培训，重视教学见习、实习。

The integrative ability, organizing ability, communicative ability of trainings was deficiency. Fourthly, the power of social physical educators in Guangxi universities was so weak that it couldn't satisfy the need of specialty development. For example, the number of special teacher and the practicing ability of teachers are deficiency. The teachers that master special theoretic well and have practicing experience are deficiency especially. Fifthly, social physical practice base have not been building in Guangxi universities. And the necessary equipments of gymnasium are deficiency at the same time. Sixthly, the whole sports technology levels of new social physical students are low and hard to fit for social needing. Seventhly, the professional ideology of students is not stable enough. For example, the special concept and cognition of students are dim. The attitude for learning is not right. The most of students want to or have trend to change their profession after graduating. Eighthly, the ability of students fostered by social physical education in various Guangxi universities has a gap with the ability that students should hold for adapting the need of Guangxi employer. The special technical levels of social physical students are weak. Ninthly, in investigation of social physical personnel being demanded by Guangxi area employers, we found that few social physical personnels were demanded by business unit, the state-operated factory and mining enterprise because of being influenced by economical environment. And the more social physical personnels were demanded by social physical directors, fitness centers and each kind of sports association and so on.

这主要表现为：不够科学的课程体系，在实践性教学环节中的重视程度不够，对学生的综合能力、组织管理能力、社会交际能力的培养较为欠缺；4、对社会体育专业的发展需求这一点而言，广西各高校该专业的师资力量还略显薄弱，难以满足社会的需求，主要体现在：缺乏足够的专业教师数量、教师实践能力欠强，尤其缺乏既有较高理论素养又有实践经验的教师；5、社会体育专业的实习基地在广西各高校中都尚未建立起来，同时一些必备的体育场馆的设施也较为缺乏；6、由于入学时广西社会体育专业的学生在运动技术、技能整体水平相对较低，因此在一些专业方向的需求上难以达到满足；7、在专业思想这一方面而言，广西各高校社会体育专业的学生显得不够稳定，主要表现为：淡薄的学生专业观念，模糊的专业认识，不够端正的学习态度，甚至有相当一部分学生准备毕业后改行或有改行倾向；8、广西各高校社会体育专业培养学生目前所具备的能力与当前广西用人单位所需求的社会体育专业人才应具备的能力尚有一定差距，主要体现在：目前社会体育专业学生的专业技术水平较低，组织能力和社会交际能力较为欠缺等。9、在广西地区用人单位对社会体育专业人才需求量的调查中发现：大多数的企事业单位和国营厂矿企业因受到经济大环境的影响，基本上都不设置专职的体育管理人员，对社会体育专门人才的需求量较少，需求量较大的还是社区体育指导员、体育健身中心、各种体育协会等。

The affecting factors included two sides : interior factors, 1 the understand and devotion to the teacheroccupation, 2 their characters and interest, 3 the exercise and efforts; exterior factors, 1 The problem of cooperation in teaching theories and teaching practice, 2 in the imitational teaching, the environment, teachers and the time also were factors which influenced the formation of teaching skill, 3 the students who wanted to prepared for the examination of postgraduate admission had some difficulties in dealing with the distribution of time and energy, 4 communion and cooperation were needed among the college students, teachers and students in the middle school, 5 The teaching reform and the cultivation of teaching skills in normal university.

在师范生教学技能形成的过程中存在内部和外部两方面的影响因素：内部因素，1 对教师职业的认识和热爱，2 自身的性格和兴趣爱好，3 自身的锻炼和努力程度；外部因素，1 教学理论与教学实践相结合的问题，2 模拟教学中的教学气氛和指导教师的素质，3 考研复习与教育实习的冲突问题，4师范生与实习学校的融合问题，5师范院校的教学改革与学生教学技能的培养。

In the idea of math teacher's education specialty, I put forward the instructional thought like"adequate to theory","attach importance to practice","system innovation"and"literacy standard", improve the structure of curriculum on the curriculum system construction of math teacher's education specialty, promote the character of teacher specialization, enhance the integration of general course, protrude the literacy of teacher specialization, reduce math specialized course, promote the function of"Educational Academy", regrade two kind educational course, strengthen thought integration, construct course modality of"Subject Amalgamation", unfold the summary of course structure and proportion of math teacher's education specialty. In the integration of curriculum and teaching model, according to the different kind of curriculum nature and learning stage of teacher's education specialty, I think there are three leading type to teaching model and learning stage, that is, participating teaching and meaningful receptive learning, eliciting teaching method and research study, case based teaching and reflective learning, and put forward operability suggestions to teaching practice.

在数学教师教育专业理念上，提出了&理论够用&、&实践为重&&体系创新&和&素养本位&的指导思想；在数学教师教育专业课程体系构建上，提出优化课程结构，提升教师专业化品性；加强通识课程统整，突出教师专业化素养；精减数学学科专业课，并增进&教育学术性&功能；精选两类教育类课程，强化统整思想，并构建出&学科融合&式的课程样态，展现了数学教师教育专业课程结构、比例的概略性图谱；在课程与教学模式整合问题上，笔者提出了按照教师教育专业学生学习的课程属性和学习阶段不同，形成三个主导型教学模式与学习方式，即参与式教学与有意义接受学习、启发性教学和研究性学习、案例式教学与反思性学习，并对对教育实习提出具有操作性的建议。

This article discusses the process of teacher education from unity to diversification, and analyses the questions of teacher profession in student selection, pre-job education, practical training, qualification, employ, and on-job education. It recommends 11 improvement strategies as follow: to control severely and to make better demand evaluation, to preserve partly students at government expense to spread excellent mission, to postpone the pre-job education to graduation, to make system and resource soundness in teacher education center, to make the curriculum of pre-job education flexible, to communicate college and school closely, to examine qualification actually, to unitize the teacher employ impartially, to bring the outsider into the teacher arbitration board, to classify teachers, and to found the major on-job education unit drawing up the integrated on-job education system.

摘要本文探讨我国师资培育从封闭一元到多元开放的历程，并从教师专业的角度分析师资培育多元化之後，在甄选学生，职前培育，实习，资格检定，教师聘任，以及进修等方面所遭遇的问题，对於这些问题提出下列十一项改进策略：需要严格把关，并做好需求评估；保留部分师范公费生以传承优良使命；师资培育职前课程应延至学士程度之後；「师资培育中心」制度须健全，资源须充分；职前培育课程必须具有弹性，避免固定僵化；大学与实习学校必须共同规划，密切交流；资格检定必须经过实质审查；聘任的方式必须有一致性与公平性；教评会应考虑纳入外部人士；师资培育多元化须配合教师分级制度；成立专责进修单位，规划整全系统的进修制度，提升教师进修品质。

The results revealed that the case student teacher held and relied on her preexisted knowledge and belief about teaching in her classroom. In the whole semester, she developed her expertise in pedagogy. She was changing in her teaching preparing, instruction strategies, teaching methods and classroom management. Besides, there were many factors in her classroom influenced her expertise in pedagogy. The factors good for her expertise development were: 1 the mentor's helps and guidance.

研究结果显示，教师秉持著其过去所学得的教学知识与理念，进入新制的教育实习制度中，这些理念与知识，引导教师呈现其教学实务，并经由观摩实习辅导教师的教学与实在教学经验的累积，在教学准备、教学策略、教学方式与班级经营上，都有所尝试与改变，呈现一个持续变动的过程。

School covers an area of 80 mu, building area of 40000 square meters, built of Electrical and Electronic Laboratory, Electrical Engineering Training Room, home appliances laboratories, multimedia classrooms, computer room (500), Training Roomdian qi han , machining workshop, CNC workshop, shop fitter, interactive closed-circuit television "class Ntibantunganya" teaching network and other advanced teaching facilities; now more than 5,000 students, 157 faculty, 111 full-time teachers, 69 teachers technology theory, instructor training 42 Bi-40 teachers, 25 teachers in middle and senior lecturers, 31 lecturers, instructor level training for more than 27 people.

学校占地80余亩，建筑面积40000余平方米，建有电工电子实验室、电工实训室、家电实验室、多媒体教室、微机室（500台）、电气焊实训室、机加工车间、数控车间、钳工车间、交互式闭路电视&班班通&教学网等先进的教学设施；现在校生5000余名，教职工157名，111名专任教师中，技术理论教师69人、实习指导教师42人、双师型教师40人，教师中高级讲师25名、讲师31人、一级以上实习指导教师27人。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。