定额

Another kind is the enterprise insider information system, including account executive information system, cost, price information system, fixed quantity and material management information system, human resources disposition information system.

另一类是企业内部信息系统，包括业务经营活动信息系统，成本、价格信息系统，定额与物料管理信息系统，人力资源配置信息系统。

Establishment of man-hour quota for mould design based on analogism;2. A universal system of computer-aided man-hour quota ,based on primitives theory,is proposed,in which man-hour quota is constituted according to the data obtained by work study method in workshop and the rule of man-hour variety is studied by neural network.

提出了一种基于基元理论，以工作研究法现场测定数据作为制定定额的依据，运用神经网络研究工时变化规律的通用化计算机辅助工时定额系统，在此基础上探讨了工时的分类划分，阐明了系统的体系结构和功能模块，最后介绍了系统的应用流程。

Time quota ; Primitives ; Time quota predetermining system ; Process

工时定额；基元化；工时定额测算系统；工艺

And the enterprises are seriously constrained. There are also many problems in its physical distribution management. For example, its sell t physical distribution has no exactly market forecast and perfect system, and the cost of depart sell is high. As to the stock accommodate part of accommodate physical distribution, material stock is depend on experience; Information of providers is not enough more; the estimate system of providers is distemperedness.

川仪一厂的物流管理也存在要解决的问题，其销售物流市场预测不准确，体系不完善，分销成本高；供应物流采购供应部分是物资采购凭经验，供应商信息资料不多，供方评价体系不健全；而供应物流库存部分是存货、在制品资金占用较大，流转速度慢；生产物流物料定额部分是生产过程的物料消耗定额粗糙。

After medical treatment insurance device and hospital execute norm settle accounts, the hospital can open way of settle accounts of norm of beyond the mark division section office will move below price risk, make section office charge fee actively.

概要： 医疗保险机构和医院实行定额结算后，医院可通过分科定额结算办法将价格风险下移给科室，促使科室主动控费。

The system of the Standard Time calculated coUaboratively on the basis of standardized process is empoldered, which meets to the enterprise demand,and realizes the aim of the Standard Time calculated standard.

开发了基于工艺标准化的协同工时定额系统，满足了企业需求，实现了工时定额制定的通用化、标准化。

Throug the study on irrigation quota and irrigation times for licorice root planted in arid sandy land of middle Ningxia, the result shows: by increasing irrigation frequency and irrigation fixed quantity properly, it can play a positive role in the conserving and increasing water-holding capacity in arid-belt sandy area.

摘要通过对宁夏中部干旱带沙地种植甘草的不同灌水定额及次数的研究，结果表明，适当的增加灌水次数和灌水定额对于保持和增加干旱带沙壤土持水率具有积极的作用，有利于植物的生长发育。

Although business mark now is divided into again and can compete and can'ts compete two of expenses, these two part of expenseses is according to nation of certainly sum and take the fee system to carry on the calculating, while announce bidding result, owner and bid the square is according to same diagram paper, same settle sum, take the fee standard and fee rates to do a mark bottom and bid to quote, then mark the bottom and offers press certain way to integrate judges and decide the mark mark bottom, judging and decide the business mark, each bid square make to near to most to judge and decide the mark in the offer mark a square business of the bottom mark get a goal tallest, most probably in mark.

虽然商务标现在又分为可竞争和不可竞争费用两部，但这两部分费用是按照国家的定额和取费制度进行计算的，在开标时，业主和投标方按照同一图纸、同一定额、取费标准及费率做出标底和投标报价，然后把标底和报价按一定方式整合得出评标标底，评商务标时，各投标方所作报价中最接近评标标底的一方商务标得分最高，最有可能中标。

Conventional tillage with bare ground, conventional tillage with straw incorporated and no-tillage with straw mulch were studied in the Hexi corridor of Gansu provience. The result showed: on summer fallow NTS stored soil water more than CTB and CTS by 30.62mm and 23.91mm, respectively; the winter storage irrigation quotas should be reduced to 900~1350 m^3/hm^2 on winter fallow; evaporation controlling rate arrived 38.1% and 7.3% at winter storage irrigation quotas 975m^3/hm^2 and 2100m^3/hm^2, respectively; NTS did not reduce ET during the spring wheat growth stage; yields different between treatments was not significant.

对甘肃河西内陆河灌区采用常规耕作、秸秆还田和覆盖免耕技术的农田水分效应进行研究，试验结果表明：在夏季休闲期，覆盖免耕比常规耕作和秸秆还田多贮水30.62mm和23.91mm；冬季休闲期可将大定额的储水灌溉减少到975~1350立方公尺/hm^2；覆盖免耕抑制蒸发率在储水定额为975立方公尺/hm^2时达到最大值38.1%，而在2100立方公尺/hm^2时最小为7.3%；覆盖免耕在作物生育期并没有减少土坡耗水量；各处理产量之间没有显著差异。

The chapter four to chapter eight analyze the railway engineering cost making standard from the sides respectively including railway engineering quotation, railway quotation direct cost, site administration cost, construction measurement cost, indirect cost and profit, analyze the key factor which influencing cost, confirm the scientificity and rationality of the current cost making standard basing on field measuring data, bring forward the advise of the ways and method of reducing invest and cost, and bring forward the opinion and advice for improve and perfect the current railway cost making standard.

第4～8章分别从铁路工程定额、铁路定额直接费、现场管理费、施工措施费、间接费和利润等方面对铁路工程造价计价标准进行分析，分析影响费用的关键因素，依靠实测数据检验现行各项计价标准的科学性与合理性，提出降低投入、减少成本支出的途径和方法的建议，并对现行铁路计价标准提出改进和完善的意见和建议。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。