定向

Objective:To explore the optimal system of osteogenic and chondrogenic potential of rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

目的 ：探讨兔骨髓间充质干细胞体外分离培养、增殖，以及向成骨细胞和软骨细胞定向诱导分化的条件，为骨、软骨缺损的修复和重建提供种子细胞。

Cell growth curve was also drawed before and after differentiation. When cultured in the osteoplastic induction medium, ADSCs derived epithelial cells might further differentiate into osteoblasts.

在成骨细胞诱导培养基中进一步诱导ADSCs源表皮细胞向成骨细胞定向分化，对诱导后的细胞进行ALP染色和Yon Kossa染色检查。

Finally, the cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of the oxamido-bridged binuclear complexes were studied in vitro.. This dissertation consists of three sections as follows:1. The crystal structure of a oxamide dinitrate,(1) [H_4dmaeoxd](NO_3)_2 H_2dmaeoxd = N,N\'-bis[2-ethyloxamide, has been obtained. The diversity of complexes with different structures is carried out by successful synthetic strategy of controlling species of metal ions, counter anions, pH values and solvents in the course of synthesis. Four dinuclear complexes bridged by trans-dmaeoxd2-: [Cu_2_2](ClO_4)_2 (2), [Cu_2_2](ClO_4)_2 (3),、[Cu_2(Me_2phen)_2](ClO_4)_2 (4), [Cu_2_2(H_2O)_2] (5); Four dinuclear complexes bridged by cis-dmaeoxd2-: [NiNi_2](ClO_4)_2 (6), [CuNi_2](ClO_4)_2·2CH_3OH (7), [CuZn_2]-(ClO_4)_2·2H_2O (8), [Cu(H_2O)Ni_2](ClO_4)_2.0.5CH_3OH (9); three 1-D polynuclear complexes: [Cu_2]_n·nH_2O (10), [Cu_2(H_2O)_2-]_n·4nH_2O (11), [Cu_2(H_2O)]_n(NO_3)_n·2nH_2O (12); one 2-D polynuclear complex,[Cu_6_3(μ_3-OH)_2(H_2O)_2]_n(ClO_4)_(4n).2nH_2O (13); the others: [VO(H_2O)]·2H_2O (14), [Zn_2_4](ClO_4)_2·H_2O (15), [Cu_2]·2DCM (16) have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction, elemental analysis, IR spectra.

本论文主要包括以下三部分：一、合成得到了一个草酰胺配体硝酸盐的单晶结构，[H_4dmaeoxd](NO_3)_2 (1)；通过调控金属离子的种类、端基配体、抗衡阴离子、溶剂、pH值等条件定向合成了四个反式草酰胺桥联双核铜配合物：[Cu_2_2](ClO_4)_2 (2)、[Cu_2_2](ClO_4)_2 (3)、、[Cu_2(Me_2phen)_2](ClO_4)_2 (4)、[Cu_2_2(H_2O)_2] (5)；四个顺式草酰胺桥联同/异双核配合物：[NiNi_2](ClO_4)_2 (6)、[CuNi_2](ClO_4)_2·2CH_3OH (7)、[CuZn_2]-(ClO_4)_2·2H_2O (8)、[Cu(H_2O)Ni_2](ClO_4)_2.0.5CH_3OH (9)；三个一维聚合物： [Cu_2]_n·nH_2O (10)、[Cu_2(H_2O)_2-]_n·4nH_2O (11)、[Cu_2(H_2O)]_n(NO_3)_n·2nH_2O (12)；一个二维聚合物： [Cu_6_3(μ_3-OH)_2(H_2O)_2]_n(ClO_4)_(4n)。2nH_2O (13)；单核钒配合物[VO(H_2O)]·2H_2O (14)、草酸根桥联双核锌配合物[Zn_2_4](ClO_4)_2·H_2O (15)、美洛西康铜配合物[Cu_2]·2DCM (16)，利用元素分析、摩尔电导、红外光谱、电子光谱和单晶X-射线衍射对上述所得化合物进行了结构表征，探讨了结构影响因素，并研究了其超分子结构。

However, hair follicle stem cells prefer hair destiny in vivo, unless the injury of epidimal or sytogland occurs. In 1990, Cosarelis et al. proposed "The Bulge activated hypothesis", they think the signal moleculars emit from the dermal papillar induce the downward migration and differentiation of hair follicle stem cells.

然而，体内正常情况下毛囊干细胞首先向毛发谱系定向分化，只有在表皮或皮脂腺受到损伤时，它们才进行程序重组而向表皮或皮脂腺方向分化。1990年，Cosarelis等提出毛囊的&隆突激活假说&，认为来源于毛乳头的信号因子触发了毛囊干细胞向下迁移并分化，从而维持了毛发周期的正常循环。

Methods Rat bone mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from adult rats bone marrow by Ficoll -Paque density gradients, cultured and amplified in vitro, and then identified by flow cytometry ; Middle cerebral artery occlusion model of regional cerebral ischemia in rats were made by thread embolizing.

方法Fieoll-Paque分离液梯度离心分离大鼠骨髓间质干细胞（rat bone mesenchymal stem cells，rMSCs），经体外培养扩增并流式细胞术鉴定；线拴法制作大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞脑局灶缺血模型，Hoechst33342标记细胞，分别通过静脉移植及立体定向局部移植到大鼠缺血侧纹状体。

The microstructure of the γ/γ'-α directionally solidified in-situ composites was studied both in as solidified state and as aging treatment.α-fibers, in as solidified state, were arranged paralyzingly in the γ/γ'matrix, and surrounded by the γ' phase.

对内生γ/γ'-α定向共晶复合材料在凝固状态和高温时效状态的微观结构的研究表明，α纤维平行排列在γ/γ'基体中并为γ'相所包围。

These peridotitic xenoliths show clear deformed textures and their major minerals show excellent orientation.

橄榄岩捕虏体具有明显的的变形结构，矿物定向排列，属于典型的变形橄榄岩。

These peridotitic xenoliths show clear deformed textures and their major minerals show excellent orientation. Thus, these peridotites are typical deformed peridotites.

橄榄岩捕虏体具有明显的的变形结构，矿物定向排列，属于典型的变形橄榄岩。

Developments of both theoretical and experimental results of low velocity coupled growth and banded structure of peritectic alloy are reviewed.

综述了包晶合金定向凝固中的低速带状与共生生长组织的实验和理论研究情况及其进展。

Formation Mechanism of Band Structure and Phase Selection During Directional Solidification of Peritectic Alloys II.

定向凝固包晶合金带状组织的形成机制及相选择 II。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。