定向

Based on electro-characteristic and double electric layers models, directional mechanisms of soy protein molecular are analyzed for the first time on DC heating condition. After the main factors which effect soy protein gels transparency and strength being studied on DC heating condition, the different affects on soy protein gels transparency and strength by DC heating and water bath heating are analyzed and compared, and the transparent mechanisms of soy protein gels are further explored. In addition to temperature action as water bath heating, DC heating is added as electric field directional action. As a results, heating rate is increased. Directional range degrees of soy protein molecules are raised. These advantage the increase of soy protein gels transparency and strength. Microstructures of soy protein gels forming on DC heating condition are observed by SEM and the results showed that ordered structure of transparent soy protein gels on DC heating condition is more ordered than that of transparent soy protein gels on water bath heating condition.

首次从大豆蛋白的电特性和双电层模型上分析了直流电加热条件下，大豆蛋白分子定向的机理；通过对直流电加热条件下影响大豆蛋白凝胶透明性和强度主要因素的研究，分析和比较了直流电加热与水浴加热对大豆蛋白凝胶透明性和凝胶强度的不同影响，又进一步探讨了大豆蛋白凝胶透明的机理；直流电加热除了水浴加热中的温度作用以外，又增加了直流电场的定向作用，提高了加热速率，提高了大豆蛋白分子定向排列的程度，有利于蛋白质凝胶透明性和强度的提高；利用SEM对电场下大豆蛋白凝胶微观结构的观察，进一步证明了直流电加热比水浴加热形成的透明大豆蛋白凝胶微观结构具有更高的有序性。

By the new electromagnetic soft contact confinement process, the superalloy melt is half suspended by electromagnetic pressure, so the contacting area and time between melt and magnetic mold decrease.

将该方法和定向凝固技术相结合，提出了1种实现高温合金复杂形状电磁软接触成形的定向凝固工艺，探讨了该工艺下不同结晶器材料、磁化套高度及其所加方位对线圈中磁感应强度的影响，并在实验室中成功制备出了2种近叶片形状的高温合金电磁软接触成形的定向凝固样件。

Through correlative analysis and path analysis, it finds that (1) the family environment and the colleges and universities environment have direct and indirect influence on self-identity development of students; and (2) the family environment and the colleges and universities environment exert the major effect on self-identity development of students through identity style as mediational variable, so identity style becomes the explanatory base of self-identity status. That is, the predictive effect of diffuse/avoidant identity style for identity diffusion, normative identity style for identity foreclosure, and information identity style for identity achievement respectively is most significant; and (3) family environment that is helpful, supportive, warm, expressive, and promote autonomy and independence possibly makes students form identity achievement or identity moratorium, family environment that is excessively cohesive and warm but lacking independence possibly promote students to form identity foreclosure, and family environment that lacks of supportive and warm possibly make students form identity diffusion; and (4) colleges and universities environments that have better relationship system, clear developmental purpose, and promote to pay attention to societal concerns, critical and explorative qualities, and provide healthy, expressive, democratic, open atmosphere facilitate identity development, in turn form advanced identity. Colleges and universities environments that only emphasize the receival of colleges and universities aims, order and instilments, and scarcely encourage critique, exploration, individuation possibly make students form identity foreclosure. However, the ones that is remote relationship system, and lacking support, and students don't cognize the aim of colleges and universities possibly make students form identity diffusion.

通过相关分析、路径分析发现：(1)家庭环境和学校环境对大学生自我同一性有直接和间接的影响；(2)家庭环境、学校环境对大学生自我同一性影响主要以同一性加工方式为中介变量，同一性加工方式成为自我同一性状态的解释基础，弥散—回避定向同一性风格对弥散型同一性预测力最大，信息定向同一性风格对成就型和延缓型同一性预测力最大，常规定向同一性风格对排他型同一性预测力最大；(3)相互支持、帮助、关心、自由表达和鼓励自主和独立的家庭环境促进大学生同一性的发展，形成成就型或延缓型同一性状态，过度亲密而缺乏独立性特征的家庭环境可能形成排他型同一性状态，而缺乏支持性，关系疏远的家庭环境可能形成弥散同一性状态；(4)良好的关系系统，明确的发展目标，鼓励学生对社会事务关注、倡导批判和探索精神，塑造良好、健康、可供自由表达、民主、开放的文化氛围的大学校园环境促进大学生同一性发展，形成高级、成熟的自我同一性，而一味强调学校目标的接受，强调秩序、灌输，缺乏对批判、探索、个性发展鼓励的学校环境有可能使学生形成排他型同一性状态，但若学校的关系系统疏远，缺乏支持性的民主的风格，目标不能被学生明确感知的学校环境则可能影响学生形成弥散型同一性。

When the oppositifolious character is in different genetic background, the process and efficiency of orientational selection is different.

通过F4代的26个转育的对生自交系进行对生性状的连续10代定向选择，以及三种不同的组配方式（对生×互生、对生×对生、互生×互生）对对生率的影响的研究，结果表明：连续定向选择是获得稳定对生系是一种有效的技术途径，对生性状在不同的遗传背景下，其定向选择的进程和效率是不同的。

A mode of the directionally growth of PAn on the surface of NaFe〓P〓rod-like particle was suggested. Some of aniline molecules in the reactants are fixed on the surface of skutterudite particles before the beginning of the polymerization. Other aniline molecules link with the aniline molecules fixed on the surface of skutterudite and form liner chains when the initiater is added into the reactants.

提出了聚苯胺在棒状方钴矿NaFe〓P〓材料表面定向生长的物理化学模型：在表面配位键的作用下方钴矿晶须表面首先附着了一层苯胺单体，在引发剂的作用下溶液中的苯胺分子在这层单体上定向聚合，形成了定向聚苯胺线性分子。

Though can not accurate induce neural stem cells specific orientation differentiation yet,to accompany the unceasing deepen recognize of convection mechanisms in cells' signal convection and discovery of new cell facter,new chemo-signal, Homo sapiens would solve the question of orientation differentiation from totipotential stem cell,multipotential stem cell to neural stem cell, orientation nerver ancestor cell then special tipe neural cell, implementation functional reconstruction betwen neural cell,for ultimate solve the proble of neural regeneration developing the way.

尽管目前尚不能准确有效的诱导神经干细胞特异性定向分化为某种特定的神经元，但随着人们对细胞间信号传递机制认识的不断加深和新的细胞因子、化学信号的不断发现，人类将能够解决从全能干细胞、多能干细胞到神经干细胞、定向神经祖细胞直至特异类型神经细胞的定向分化，完成神经元之间的功能重建，为最终解决中枢神经再生这一难题而开辟道路。

The 6-year-olds children exhibited cuing effect to eye gaze,and the effect improved with age.

结果发现，6岁儿童已经能对眼睛注视线索进行注意定向，并随着年龄增长而改善。7岁组和8岁组儿童注意定向的成绩显著改善，7岁可能是儿童对中央线索注意定向发展的特定阶段。

Our purposes are to research and sieve direction-selected nitration agents which will be added to the process of when chlorobenzene is nitrated and to make reaction proceed toward ONCB and to raise the proportion of ONCB to 40-50%.

本项目通过对定向硝化剂的研究和筛选，在氯苯硝化时加入选定的定向硝化剂，使硝化向邻位定向进行，提高邻硝比例达到40～50%。

Based on the theory study, a directional drilling guidance system is developed for practical require, its working flow as follows: before construction, design the best track practically, and save in the system. During drilling, the system measures well oblique angle and azimuth to watch well track. Drill driver compares designing well track with measuring track showing on display unit, controls joy stick experientially, adjusts drill direction, finally realizes directional drill.

在理论研究的基础上，结合实际需要，研究设计了一种定向钻井导航系统，使用该系统进行定向穿越施工的工作过程如下：在施工前，根据实际情况，先设计一条最佳穿越路线，存入系统；在钻进中，系统通过对井轨的井斜、方位等参数的测量，对其进行实时监测；地面的司钻手通过对显示仪所显示的实际井轨参数及设计井轨参数进行比较，根据经验操纵操作杆，调整钻机前进方向，以达到对钻进过程的控制，最终实现定向钻井。

In order to obtain better directional solidification microstructure, the whole directional solidification technique needing crucibles

为了获得更好的定向凝固组织，需要在超高温超高真空定向凝固设备上进行有坩埚的整体定向凝固。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。