定义方程

In regard to the highly non-linearity of the equations for recrystallisation fraction and grain growth,an effective time compensated by temperature is defined,by which the time additivity is reasonable and suitable for temperature-varying conditions.

针对再结晶动力学方程和晶粒长大方程对时间和温度的高度非线性，定义了一个经温度补偿的适用于变温过程的等效时间，解决了变温状态下对时间的叠加问题。

In this article, we showed the algebraic structure of syntactic categories based on monoid and defined categorial equation whose solutions are described by consistency and correlation .

本文给出了建立在含幺半群基础上的范畴语法的代数结构，定义了范畴方程和它的解并对范畴方程的解作了分类：相容性的相关性。

Parikh and Wilczek further refined and extended the thought of Keski-Vakkuri and Kraus, the radiation was explained as a tunneling process crossing the barrier of horizon, and in literatures the method is called Parikh-Wilczek tunneling method. In our paper, we further studied the effect of Hawking radiation of the apparent horizon of the dynamical spacetime, the FRW universe, and the thermodynamics of the apparent horizon of the dynamical black hole modes, the Vaidya black hole and the McVittie black hole.

更为重要的是，近年来联系于视界热力学一些新的性质被发现：Einstein方程在视界上可以作为热力学第一定律的形式出现；在Friedmann-Robertson-Walker宇宙表观视界上，时空动力学方程(Friedmann方程)也可以写成一个所谓的统一热力学第一定律的形式；局域定义的FRW宇宙表观视界，也存在着在Kodama矢量观测者看来的Hawking辐射效应。

The reference domain is assumed to be a bounded open set of R~N with boundary Γ of class C~2. We investigate in this paper the null controllability for the semilinear parabolic equations in non-cylindrical domains. The fixed point method is used in the proof.

本文讨论了定义在上述非柱形区域中的半线性抛物方程零能控性，我们使用的方法主要是通过同胚映射将非柱形区域中的抛物方程转化为柱形区域中的抛物方程，再利用不动点方法得到半线性抛物方程的有关结果。

After descibing the concepts, definitionsand operation approaches of quantum group and SLq(2) Lie algebra, the physicalmeaning of quantum group particles is explained in the present thesis. The gaugeinvariance in SLq(2) gauge field and its thermodynamics model is considered basedon the idea of q-deformation. The zero energy gap equation and q-deformed energygap equation are derived under the assumption of q-quantization and semi-classical q-quantization, then the zero-temperature energy gap A(0,q) and crititical temperature〓 can be calculated from the q-energy gap equation.

在介绍了量子群和SLq(2)李代数的基本概念，定义和运算方法后，文中进一步阐述了量子群粒子的物理意义；在q变形思想基础上，本文研究了SLq(2)规范场及其热力学模型中的规范不变性质，并在q量子化和半经典q量子化的假设下导出了零能隙方程和q变形能隙方程；然后从q能隙方程计算了与零温度能隙△(0，q)和临界温度〓。

By transforming high - grade gentle lack one type linear differential equation into the linear differential equation of successive integral, the theory and method for the general solutions of this kind of equation are determined.

方程'+=f是高阶线性微分方程，(约定尹0)=刃，是两项和的形式，其特征是含有相同的底，导数的次数相差一阶，因此不妨定义该方程为：高阶和式次数差一型线性微分方程。

The second chapter discussed the definition and nature of dashes inverse A in generalized inverse as well as its application in compatible linear equations. The third chapter discussed the definition and calculation of the minimum norm inverse A in generalized inverse, as well as the Minimal Norm Solution of its compatible linear equations Ax = b.

前言从引进广义逆矩阵的定义着手，介绍了它的历史概况以及发展的背景及其意义；第1章从广义逆的发展历程讨论由Moore-Penrose方程确定的各种广义逆的定义；第2章讨论广义逆中的减号逆A 的定义及性质以及在相容线性方程组的应用；第3章讨论广义逆中的最小范数逆A 的定义及计算以及它与相容线性方程组Ax=b的极小范数解。

The preface gave the definition and introduced history, background of development and significance of generalized inverse matrix. The first chapter, from the development process of generalized inverse, discussed all kinds of definition of generalized inverse determined by the Moore - Penrose equations. The second chapter discussed the definition and nature of dashes inverse A in generalized inverse as well as its application in compatible linear equations. The third chapter discussed the definition and calculation of the minimum norm inverse A in generalized inverse, as well as the Minimal Norm Solution of its compatible linear equations Ax = b.

前言从引进广义逆矩阵的定义着手，介绍了它的历史概况以及发展的背景及其意义；第一章从广义逆的发展历程讨论由Moore-Penrose方程确定的各种广义逆的定义；第二章讨论广义逆中的减号逆A 的定义及性质以及在相容线性方程组的应用；第三章讨论广义逆中的最小范数逆A 的定义及计算以及它与相容线性方程组Ax=b的极小范数解。

In this dissertation, we construct the Bariev model with nine kinds of boundary fields by the matrices K_± defining the boundaries. And then the Lax operator is given in the form ofmatrix, as well as the basic quantities, e.g., the R -matrix, the monodromy matrices and the transfer matrices are defined. By using the expression of the local Lax operator of the model,the action of the monodromy matrices T, T~(-1), U_ on the pseudo-vacuum state is given outin detail. Furthermore, the main fundamental commutation relations are obtained through the reflection equations, the recursive n-particle state as well as the one-particle exact solution is given and the Bethe ansatz equations are found accordingly. Finally, we list the nesting boundary K matrices, which play a crucial role for obtaining the n-particle solution and finding the Bethe ansatz equations, the eigenvalues of the transfer matrices and the energy spectrum of the system by means of the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz method.

在这篇文章中，我们利用边界K_±矩阵构造出了具有九种边界场的Bariev模型，同时给出了该模型L算子的具体矩阵表示形式，并定义了R矩阵，monodromy矩阵以及转移矩阵；接着利用L算子的矩阵形式，给出了其对应monodromy矩阵T、逆矩阵T~(-1)作用到真空态上的值，并利用Yang-Baxter关系及反射方程得到了双行monodromy矩阵U作用到真空态上的值；然后利用反射方程通过复杂的计算得到了一系列重要的基本对易关系式，并给出了模型的递推的多粒子波函数、单粒子解及Bethe ansat方程；最后给出了模型的嵌套的边界K矩阵的具体形式，从而为运用嵌套Bethe ansatz方法求解该模型的多粒子解、Bethe ansatz方程以及系统的能谱打下了很好的基础。

The concept of exponential transformations of rectangular Cartesiancoordinates is introduced, showing that a plane curve is more frequently expressed by a unionof four or fewer quadrantal equations defined uniquely in the respective quadrants whichthe curve covers and are therefore quadrant invariant, then the Fermat curve s with someof their geometric properties are formulated.

引入直角笛卡儿坐标幂变换的概念，说明一平面曲线是较经常地用4个或更少的象限方程的并集来表示的；这些象限方程是在曲线所在的各个象限中惟一定义的，因而是象限不变的。然后列出费马曲线的方程，并简述了费马曲线的一些几何性质

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。