定义为...

These speculations have been going on for over a generation. As an example, we may cite Campion and Elliot-Smith (1934) who proposed that thought consisted of corticothalamic circulation of impulses. Penfield has suggested the existence of a centrencephalic integrating system, which he has definedas that central system within the brain stem which is responsible for integration of varied specific functions from different parts of the hemispheres.

这些特性已经有好几十年了，让我们引用Campion and Elliot-Smith (1934)提出的论点为例，他们认为思考是由皮质丘脑的刺激循环所造成，潘菲尔提出中央头部统合系统的存在，他把这个系统定义成脑干的中央系统，负责不同大脑半球中各种特殊功能的整合，潘菲尔的说法使得这个系统的定义更为松散，以潘菲尔的定义来说，这个系统包含所有皮质下的灰色神经组织和其间的连接通道，并负责大脑半球内部的整合。

In such cases, the default argument defined for the base version of the virtual will be passed to the derived version, which was defined using a different default argument.

在这种情况下，为虚函数的基类版本定义的默认实参将传给派生类定义的版本，而派生类版本是用不同的默认实参定义的。

An external variable must be defined, exactly once, outside of any function; this sets aside storage for it.

外部变量必须定义在所有函数之外，且只能定义一次，定义后编译程序将为它分配存储单元。

Sort-and-Incremental Algorithm Definition of h-plane's polar angle:' for h-plane like x-y≥constant, we ≥ define its polar angle to π.

半平面的极角定义：比如x-y≥半平面的极角定义比如≥常数的半平定义它的极角为π。

After analyzing the merit and lack of 9I model, the main idea is proposed: to distill some basic topological relations from 9I model, of which the composite topological relations of complex objects are made up. In detail, the composite topological relationships between region and region, line and line, line and region are particularly discussed;(2)Analyze the characteristics and inner relations of cadastral features. According to the expressional model of complex topological relations, the author discovers the possible topological relations between parcels, parcel lines and parcel points. In addition, sum up the general topological relationship rules of cadastral data.(3) Then the topological relations model is extended to the spatio-temporal data. Time in cadastral database and change semantic are discussed. It's redefined that spatio-temporal topological relations is composed of time, location, status and event relation. Spatio-temporal topological relationships can be represented by extended 4I model. Taking cadastral parcels as example, there are different possible spatio-temporal topological relationships between parcels when they are extended, shrunken, split, merged or others. Thus, some deductions are drawn that, for example, if parcels have be coexisting for some time they are impossible to be overlapped. Furthermore, the parents of parcels alternated and their possible change types can be detected by their spatio-temporal topological relationships.(4) Before carrying out the experiment, the calculation method must be designed.

具体研究工作及成果如下：（1）根据点集拓扑理论中与拓扑空间相关的概念，本文对空间的点、线、面进行了重新定义，以区分对象的复杂性；分析了9I模型在表示简单对象方面的优点，以及在表达复杂对象上的不足，阐述了本文的研究思路和解决方案，并以复杂的面面、线线和线面为例详细探讨了复合拓扑关系的表达方法；（2）分析了地籍权属数据和地类数据的内涵、特点和要素之间的联系，根据复杂对象的拓扑关系表达模型，本文讨论了宗地、界址线、界址点之间，图斑、线状地物、零星地类之间可能存在的拓扑关系和形式化表达方法，归纳总结了地籍对象的拓扑关系满足的约束性规则；（3）将拓扑关系的研究延伸到时空领域，从地籍对象的时态性出发，本文阐述了地籍数据中时间的含义和变化语义描述的需要；从时间、位置、状态、事件等之间的拓扑关系方面，重新系统性地进行了时空拓扑关系的定义；研究了一维时间和二维空间的集成表达方式，以宗地、界址线为例，分析了变更前后不同时间区间里可能的拓扑关系，探讨了时空拓扑关系对时空变化操作类型和变化语义的推理方法和意义；（4）为实现空间拓扑关系的查询分析等应用，本文研究了空间拓扑关系的计算方法。

The paper is organized as follows. In chapter 2, we introduce some concepts about SEA, the abstract SEA model and the convergence definition of algorithm. In chapter 3, we describe firstly the evolution of PMA as an abstract stochastic process, and by characterizing axiomatically the properties of the fundamental selection and evolution operators, we conclude that PMA is essentially a kind of SEA.

本文结构安排如下：第二章介绍了模拟进化算法的一些基本概念、形式化随机过程描述以及收敛性定义；第三章对改进后的 PMA 各操作作了抽象定义，得到了 PMA 的形式化随机过程描述，并公理化地证明了各操作算子为选择或繁殖算子，从而得出 PMA本质上也是一种模拟进化算法；第四章先对选择算子特征数定义作了适当改进，并通过各进化算子的具体特征数指出，如果 PMA 不采取任何执行策略时，算法本身并不收敛。

This is certainly a better definition than many older ones that simply branded superstitions as nonreligious beliefs, bad logic , or "false science."

这一定义比以往许多定义都要强。旧定义仅仅把迷信概指为非宗教的信仰，或是错误的逻辑以及伪科学等。

Then, after the strong points and weak points of the definition of several legal inferences now available are analyzed, we make a new definition: legal reasoning refer to the process in which presupposing known legal provisions and facts, principal part specially designated infer and prove legal conclusion in law practice.

其次分析了现有几种法律推理定义的得失，给出了o己的法律推理的定义：法律推理就是特定主体在法律实践过程中，以巳知的法律规定和卒实材料为前捉，推导和沦证油沐纳沦的过程、这一定义反映了法律推聊基本属件：它是一个知删新的过程；它具有内在逻辑性；它是一个正当性证叼的过程；它具有实肌。

PixTwix is an image processing ActiveX control featuring: advanced selection routines including irregular and non-contiguous selection regions, local and global magic wand selection, unlimited file based undo capabilities, both loss-less and lossy rotation routines, color channel manipulation functions such as mixing, adding, and multiplying, red eye effect removal by color clamping, unlimited number of user defined 3x3 convolution filters, image encryption and decryption, file checksum calculator, color count and histogram functions, blurring, sharpening, softening, edge enhancement, drop shadow, border and frame effects, range of low pass and high pass filters, logical operations on pixels, clipboard support, masking, skewing, range of color replacement functions, reversing, flipping and reflecting, blending, colorizing, tinting, grayscale conversion with user defined channel weights, texture filling, adjustment of brightness, contrast, saturation, dithered black and white images with user defined bias, embossing in different directions, antialiasing, zooming, tile, spray, mosaic and many other special effects and filters.

pixtwix是一个图像处理ActiveX控制项主题：高级遴选例程，包括非正规和非连续选择地区，当地和全球的魔术棒选择，无限的文件为基础的复原能力，无论是亏损少耗和旋转例程，颜色频道操控功能，如混合，加入，再乘以，红眼效应去除颜色夹紧，无限数量的用户定义的3x3卷积过滤器，图像加密和解密，文件的校验和计算器，彩色计数和直方图功能，模糊，锐化，软化，边缘增强，下拉阴影，边界和框架的影响，一系列的低通和高通滤波器，逻辑运算对像素，剪贴板支持，掩蔽，拉动了，各种颜色的更换功能，扭转，翻转和反映，共混， colorizing ，调色，灰阶转换与用户定义的频道权重，纹理填充，调整亮度，对比度，饱和度，抖动黑白影像与用户定义的偏见，压花，在不同的方向，抗锯齿，缩放，瓷砖，喷雾，马赛克和其他许多特殊效果和过滤器。

The quote that's helped me the most through that is from Toni Morrison's 'Beloved' where she says,'Definitions belong to the definers, not the defined', so I find myself defining myself for other people lest I be defined by others and stuck into some box where I don't particularly belong.

是托妮莫里森的'宠儿'里的一句话让我得到解脱的，她说：'定义属于定义者，而不是被定义的事物。' 使我发现为其他人界定自己，要比别人把我贴上标签放进并不属于我的橱柜要好得多。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。