官能团

The nanoparticle composites took the shape of roundish spheres with their mean diameter of about 70 nm. The nanoparticle composites have good dispersion, excellent compatibility and abundant active functions on the surface for immobilization of laccase.

所得到的纳米复合粒子的平均粒径可达到70nm左右，接近超顺磁性，分散性好，有良好的生物相容性，而且表面有大量活性官能团(-NH_2)，是一种优良的载体材料。

The synthesis of the pentacyclic skeleton of Et-743 and the construction of the five chiral centers thereof.1. The core pentacyclic skeleton of phthalascidin was constructed with L-dopa as the starting material via thirteen steps. First, two basic synthons, the C-1 functionalized tetrahydroisoquinoline compounds 8 and N-protected Z-dopa derivative 9, were prepared from L-dopa. They were coupled via amide bond to form the dipeptide compounds 10, which were the first key intermediates. Then the primary hydroxyl groups were transformed into the corresponding amino aldehydes 11 via Swern oxidation. Followed by the intramolecular Pictet-Spengler cyclization, the pentacyclic compounds 12 were synthesized.

五环骨架的构建及五个正确手性中心的确立：1.1我们以L-多巴为起始原料，经过多步官能团保护和转化合成了基本结构单元8然后和苯丙氨酸衍生物9，通过缩合反应生成酰胺中间体10，经Swern氧化得到醛化合物11，然后再次利用分子内改良的Pictet-Spengler反应一步构建c，d两环，得到五环骨架化合物12，最后，实现了21-位羰基向氰基的转化，得到了C-1位官能化的化合物14，化合物14不但具有和Et-743一致的五环骨架，而且分子中五个手性中心立体构型也与其完全相同：其中，3，位和13，位的手性中心由原料L-多巴带入，而1，位，11，位和21，位手性中心则通过不对称诱导而确立。

A1l the thick adsorption layer,large space steric hindrance,thick solvate layer and stable ξ-potential of ASP adsorbed on cement particles resist the flocculation of cement particles.In addition the early stage hydration of cement is restrained because the—OH ,—NH2 in ASP can suppress the formation of hydrated products such as C-S-H ,Ca2 and ettringite crystals through forming unstable complex compound with Ca2+.So ASP has excellent plasticity-retention capability of concrete.

由于ASP在水泥颗粒表面的吸附层较厚、空间位阻较大、溶剂化层较厚及ξ-电位较稳定等原因，阻碍了水泥颗粒间的凝聚；同时由于ASP含有的—OH，—NH2等官能团与水化产生的Ca2+形成不稳定的络合物，抑制了水化产物C-S-H，Ca2和钙矾石等结晶体的形成，从而抑制了水泥的早期水化，故ASP具有良好的保塑性能。

Preparation and corrosion resistance of stannate conversion coatings on Mg-10Li-1Zn alloys;2. The corrosion resistance of phytic acid conversion coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy surface was studied by electrochemical methods.

利用电化学方法研究了AZ91D镁合金表面植酸转化膜耐蚀性能；借助SEM、EDAX和FTIR等方法分析了转化膜的形貌、成分和官能团构成等，并对成膜机理进行了研究。

The structure and morphology of CNTs which have been purified and not yet, were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, Raman, TG-DTA, BET, IR. The results indicated that when the stokehole reaction temperature was 1170℃,the decompose temperature of Ferrocene was 150℃,he volatilize temperature of Benzene was 50 ℃, hydric flow rate was 270ml/min, the concentration of thiophene was l% and the reaction time was 20 minutes, the CNTs with single-walled and multi-walled were prepared.

结果表明：炉膛反应温度1170℃、二茂铁的分解温度150℃、苯的挥发温度50℃、氢气的流量270ml／min、噻吩体积分数1.00／100ml苯、反应时间20min时，可以得到碳纳米管，既有单壁管又有多壁管，单壁管的内径分布在0.88～1.15nm之间，多壁管的直径分布在40～120nm之间；纯化后的碳纳米管比表面积增加，管壁光滑，而且产生了大量的含氧官能团，有利于在水溶液中的分散。

The structure and morphology of CNTs which have been purified and not yet, were characterized by TEM, SEM, XRD, Raman, TG-DTA, BET, IR. The results indicated that when the stokehole reaction temperature was 1170℃,the decompose temperature of Ferrocene was 150℃,he volatilize temperature of Benzene was 50 ℃, hydric flow rate was 270ml/min, the concentration of thiophene was 1% and the reaction time was 20 minutes, the CNTs with single-walled and multi-walled were prepared. The diameters of the single-walled CNTs are in the range of 0.08~1.15nm, and that of the multi-walled CNTs are in the range of 40~120nm.

结果表明：炉膛反应温度1170℃、二茂铁的分解温度150℃、苯的挥发温度50℃、氢气的流量270ml/min、吩体积分数1.00/100ml苯、反应时间20min时，可以得到碳纳米管，既有单壁管又有多壁管，单壁管的内径分布在0.881.15nm之间，多壁管的直径分布在40120nm之间；纯化后的碳纳米管比表面积增加，管壁光滑，而且产生了大量的含氧官能团，有利于在水溶液中的分散。

When the temperature became higher, the O and N impurity absorbed on the surface of powder reacted with catalyst and formed inertial compositions, wrapped on the surface of graphite powder, then the process of transformation stopped.

在较高温度下，纳米石墨表面吸附的含氮、氧等官能团与熔体金属发生反应生成惰性固态化合物并包裹在石墨表面，阻止了石墨的进一步溶解。

The composition and structure of sulfonate detergent were analyzed by means of infrared spectrometry.

用红外光谱法研究了磺酸盐清净剂的组成和结构，并以碳酸根官能团的红外光谱特征峰为依据，建立了磺酸盐清净剂碱值的预测模型，并与现行评定方法相关联，预测准确度较高，相对误差小于5%。

IR analysis of Leersia Hexandra Swart biomass revealed the presence of carboxyl, amide, hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, which are responsible for biosorption of the metal ion.

结果表明，该吸附是单分子吸附的伪二级动力学过程，吸附过程包含两个步骤： Cr离子通过静电作用富集在干粉材料表面，随后干粉表面存在的功能配位官能团会与Cr发生化学作用。

In order to obtain a highly efficient GPX mimic, we propose that enzyme model must recognize and bind GSH, and that Sec is at an appropriate position to interact with the thiol of GSH.

基于GPX的酶学特点，我们认为：为了获得高催化效率的GPX模拟物，其关键在于酶模型对底物GSH的识别和结合，催化官能团的合适放置。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。