官能

A strain may be defined as an organic compound containing a benzene ring plus a chromophore and auxochrome group.

染料定义为含有苯环与呈色官能基与辅助成色官能基的化合物。

Numerical calculation shows that the mean-square radius of gyration decreases with increasing of the core functionality and decreases sharply When f is small.

计算结果表明，均方回转半径随着星核官能度的增加而下降，特别是官能度比较小的时候，下降幅度比较大。

The main contribution of this paper is summarized as follow:1 Copolymer acrylate resin including hydroxyl, carboxylic and amina(-NH_2) is a new type of antifogging system and ahydrophi- lic antifogging constituents which is not found before.2 Water-soluble acrylate resin hydrophilic antifogging coating material is a new-type environmental protection material which takes ethanol as solvent and whose pastiness is adjusted by deionized water.3 The quality rate of accessory soft monomer ethyl acrylate and accessory hard monomer butyl methacrylate is 6 to 4, the quality rate of functional monomers in all monomers is 20 percent, the quality rate of MAA in the functional monomers is 22 percent, the quality rate of β-hydroxyl ethyl acrylate in the functional monomers is 8 to 10 percent and the remainder of functional monomer is acrylic acid.4 Cross-linking agent methylol acrylamide belongs to self-cross-linking system.

本文的主要贡献概述如下： 1 含有亲水羧基、羟基和氨基(-NH_2)丙烯酸共聚树脂是一种新型高效的防雾体系，用的亲水防雾组分是前所未有的。 2 以乙醇为溶剂制得水溶性丙烯酸树脂具有很好的水溶性能和防雾性能，只需加入去离子水就可以调节它的粘度，是一种新型的环保型防雾材料。 3 辅助软单体丙烯酸乙酯和辅助硬单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯最佳配比为质量比6∶4；官能单体占单体总量的20%，甲基丙烯酸占官能单体总量10～15%，甲基丙烯酸β-羟乙酯占官能单体总量的8～10%，剩下的为丙烯酸。

Furthermore, through molecular structural design, we have also synthesized stable dual functional diphenylether polymer intermediates of ABB' types possessing ortho-dicarboxylic at one aromatic ring and diamine groups at another beginning from Xylenol and 1-Chloro-3,4-dinitrobenzene as the raw materials.

中文摘要本研究应用自氧化法与氢化法两反应，成功而有劾地制备出芳香族含酸酐及二胺基之官能基单体，并进一步经由分子结构设计，从3，4-二甲苯酚及1-氯-3，4-二硝基苯为原料，转化合成出安定性高带有羧基与双胺基双官能基之堑新ABB'型二苯醚中间体，并成功地应用此中间体从事自聚合反应，而合成分歧状聚醚亚醯胺高分子。

Thiol groups were good to be used in functionalizing gold nanoparticles, and ester bond formation and breakage played the major role in this research. Thioctic acid and 11-mercapto-1-undecanol were used to functionalize the gold nanoparticles and form ester bond by using the carboxylic acid group on thioctic acid and the hydroxyl group on 11-mercapto-1-undecanol. Concentrated sulfuric acid was used to be the catalyst in this reaction, and sodium hydroxide was added for the proceeding of the reverse reaction.

硫醇官能基在金奈米粒子的修饰有很好的效果，利用带有硫醇官能基之tioctic acid 与11-mercapto-1-undecanol (11-MUDO)分子修饰在金奈米粒子上，并使TA上之羧基和11-MUDO上之羟基脱水生成酯化键，浓硫酸则是反应中的催化剂，而氢氧化钠则可促使系统进行逆反应。

In this project, we have prepared conveniently Si-Mg 1,1-difunctional group reagents-α-silylvinyl Grignard reagents by hydromagnesiation of alkynylsilanes; Se-Br 1,1-difunctional group reagents-α-bromovinylselenides by hydrobromination of alkynylselenides; Sn-Br and Sn-I 1,1-difunctional group reagents by hydrozirconation of alkynylstannanes followed by halogenating reaction.

本项目通过炔基硅烷的镁氢化反应，方便地制得了Si-Mg 1，1-双官能团试剂-α-硅基烯基镁化物；通过炔基硒醚的溴氢化反应，方便地制得了Se-Br 1，1-双官能试剂-α-溴代烯基硒醚；通过炔基锡烷的锆氢化反应，继而卤代方便地制得了Sn-Br和Sn-I 1，1-双官能试剂。

Preparation of quasi-interpenetrating network/functionalized gold nanoparticle composite matrix and its performance for DNA sequencingA new matrix additive,PDMA-functionalized gold nanoparticle, was prepared by "grafting-to" approach to avoid GNP aggregation at high concentration of salt in buffer solution,and then incorporated into quasi-IPN composed of LPA(3.3 MDa) and PDMA to form novel polymer/metal composite sieving matrix(quasi-IPN/GNP-PDMA) for DNA sequencing by CE.

准互穿聚合物网络/官能化的金纳米粒子复合介质的制备及其用于DNA测序性能的研究为了解决GNPs在高盐浓度下易附聚的问题，由&grafting-to&法制备了一种新型介质添加剂，即PDMA官能化的GNPs，并将其加入到由LPA(3.3 MDa)和PDMA所组成的quasi-IPN中得到了用于毛细管电泳DNA测序的聚合物/金属复合筛分介质(quasi-IPN/GNP-PDMA)。

Therefore, the pre-fabricated functional surface containing azide groups can be covalently anchored through click-chemistry by newly designed acetylene-appended HBCs. These HBC derivatives not only possess the potential in the formation of SAM, but their alignment modes of edge-on or face-on could be controlled by tailor-made molecular design.

因此，我们设计出末端带有乙炔官能基之HBC分子，希望在预先处理并带有叠氮(-N3)官能基的基板表面上进行click-chemistry (速配组合式化学、点击化学)，利用共价键之形式将HBC分子镶嵌於基板表面，除了藉此制作出分子自组装单层薄膜之外，利用分子设计进一步控制其排列方式为edge-on或是face-on。

Such compositions comprise at least one textile-cleaning surfactant; droplets of miscible silicones comprising both a polarly-functionalized, preferably nitrogen-containing amino or ammonium functionalized, polysiloxane component and a nitrogen-free non-functionalized or non-polarly-functionalized polysiloxane component; and a perfume component comprising fragrant aldehydes and/or ketones or a pro-perfume capable of providing such aldheyde and/or ketone perfume materials in situ.

这些组合物包含至少一种纺织品清洁表面活性剂；可混溶硅氧烷液滴，所述可混溶硅氧烷液滴不仅包含极性官能化的聚硅氧烷组分，优选含氮的氨基或铵官能化的聚硅氧烷组分，而且还包含不含氮的非官能化的或非极性官能化的聚硅氧烷组分；和包含芳香醛和/或酮的香料组分或能够就地提供这些醛和/或酮香料物质的前香料。

A process for making an electronic device which comprises applying a nonaqueous plate-resistant ink by ink jet printing to selected areas of a dielectric substrate, optionally laminated with an electrically conductive metal, exposing the plate resistant ink to actinic and/or particle beam radiation to effect polymerisation, adding one or more metal layers by electrolytic or electroless deposition, the upper layer of which is an etchresistant metal, removing the polymerised plate-resistant ink with alkali and finally removing the electrically conductive metal which are optionally directly laminated to the dielectric substrate and not protected by an upper layer of etch-resistant metal by chemical etching wherein the plate-resistant ink is substantially solvent-free and comprises: A 30 to 90 parts acrylate functional monomers free from acid groups comprising mono- or higher functionality wherein 5 to 95% by weight are mono-functional monomers; B 1 to 30 parts acrylate functional monomer containing one or more acid groups; C 0 to 20 parts polymer or prepolymer; D 0 to 20 parts radical initiator; E 0 to 5 parts colorant; F 0 to 5 parts surfactant; and where the ink has a viscosity of not greater than 30 cPs at 40 DEG C and all parts are by weight.

一种制备电子装置的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：通过喷墨印刷在任选层压了一种或多种导电金属的介电底材的选定区域涂覆非水的阻沉积油墨，将所述阻沉积油墨暴露在光化辐射和/或微粒束辐射中以完成聚合，通过电解沉积或无电沉积增加一层或多层金属层，其中最上层的金属层为一种或多种阻蚀刻金属，用碱除去聚合的阻沉积油墨，最后通过化学蚀刻将任选直接层压在所述介电底材上并且不被一种或多种阻蚀刻金属的上层保护的导电金属除去，其中所述阻沉积油墨基本不含溶剂，并且包含以下组分：A30-90份不含酸基团的丙烯酸酯功能性单体，所述单体包括单官能或多官能单体，其中5-95％重量为单官能单体；B1-30份包含一个或多个酸基团的丙烯酸酯功能性单体；C0-20份聚合物或预聚物；D0-20份自由基引发剂；E0-5份着色剂；和F0-5份表面活性剂；其中所述油墨的粘度在40℃下不高于30cPs，并且所有的份数以重量计。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。