官僚的

Based on Webers analysis of three lays of bureaucracy, this thesis discusses the rational foundation of ideal type bureaucracy and its irrational inclination, and points out the bureaucracy is not only an administrative tool which can achieve the highest technological efficiency, but also a kind of social power having its own interests and values which is abounded to arrogate its original functions.

本文立足于韦伯对官僚制的三个层面的剖析，通过对理想类型官僚制的理性基础及其非理性化倾向的全面梳理，揭示了官僚制组织不仅仅是一个技术上充分有效的行政工具，而且是一支挟带利益和价值的社会力量，具有僭越自身功能的倾向。

In other words, the bureaucracy which breaks away from the restricting and controlling of democratic organizations will definitely become a kind of political autarchy.

本文的主旨在于指出，在官僚制与现代民主政治之间，民主之于官僚制的重要性和必要性。

This article will introduce and analyze the high-ranking bureaucrat in Japan and compare it with that in France.

而本文就是针对日本的高级官僚做一介绍与分析，并且与法国的高级官僚做一比较。

To this kind of tendency, the penman thought that the bureaucracy of democratic organizations is inevitable, and is somewhat objective, necessary and rational.

在现代国家，官僚制行政权力扩张的后果之一是国家民主机构的"官僚制化"趋势。

Are most of CCP's political leaders technocrats? Is technocracy different from bureaucracy?

技术官僚治国实能展现与职业官僚迥异的执政风格？

Eventually, after technocracy has been developed maturely, elites who are professional in economics and law will become important and attractive points in the research field of CCP's elite politics in the near future.

另外，在中共技术官僚制发展成熟之后，经济以及法律相关系统出身的官僚将会逐渐增加，成为未来注意中共精英政治发展新的焦点。

Of course, the breaking up of the balanceable relation between bureaucracy and democracy is directly related to the subjective requirement of modern society's development and bureaucracy's strong condition and democracy's weak condition.

本文述及了韦伯关于对官僚制进行制约与控制的理论设想，并指出，通过民主机制的制约、提高官僚机构的民主素质和管理水平、下放权力和解除规制以及设立专门机构等是消除官僚制过度扩张的主要途径。

And the section 3 analyzed the antinomy of rationality in the bureaucrat system, pointed out its'theoretical and practical predicament, and summarized all kinds of characters that administrative personnel's personality had been tooled in the bureaucrat system.

基于此，第三节对官僚制中存在的理性二律背反进行了分析，从理论和实践层面指出了官僚制的困境，并总结了官僚制下行政人员的人格工具化表征。

This is largely because we have become a nation of bureaucrats. What passes for national policy is the sum of various ministerial interests, often conflicting or redundant, with jealously guarded turfs and budgets.

日本已经变成了一个官僚国家，内阁各种权益的总和被误认为是国家政策，它们往往相互矛盾或者累赘多余，官僚统治者自守地盘，猜忌、争夺不断。

So the bureaucracy still will live, especially in developing countries where public administration has the different circumstance from developed countries. Public administration in developing countries should adopt Webers bureaucracy theory, accepting some valuable NPM advice at the same time.

发展中国家目前正处于理性官僚制不足的状态，应建构如下的行政发展模式：汲取理性官僚制的合理内核，同时有选择地吸纳新公共管理的部分建议，实现发展中国家公共行政的超越——走向后官僚制。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。