宏观的

But if we're concerned about the big picture (scaling up solar until it's a cheap and ubiquitous antidote to global warming and foreign oil) a forthcoming study from the University of California–Berkeley and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory suggests that neither material has what it takes compared to lesser-known alternatives such as—we're not kidding—fool's gold.

但是，假如我们从宏观的角度考虑一下（使太阳能应用上规模，直至成为一种便宜的能源而广为利用，以应对气候变暖，并替代进口石油），即可知道，一份来自加州大学和洛仑兹-伯克理国家实验室的即将发表的研究报告中所述的内容，目前的两种材料的性、价比都不及名不见经传的黄铁矿石等替代材料，这并非玩笑。

The contents of the abstract of the short Communication is:"The paper gives a complete differential partition to a Euclidean straight line with a fixed frame, and three axioms for the integral of infinitesimals indexed by real numbers; proves in standard mathematics there are positive infinitesimals outside of real number set; Gives cosmic, macro and micro counterexamples to two axioms in Jordan, Carathéodory, and Lebesgue measure theory; transforms Weierstrass limit into Huang limit, Cantor continuum into Huang continuum, and Newton-Leibniz formula into Huang formula."

这个短的发言的摘要的内容如下："此文对一条确定了固定标架的欧几里德直线给出了完整的微分分拆，并对以实数为标号的无穷小的积分给出了三条公理；在标准数学中证明了在实数集合之外存在正的无穷小；对若当，卡拉特欧多里和勒贝格测度论中的两条公理给出了宇观的，宏观的和微观的反例；将外尔斯特拉斯极限改进为黄氏极限，将康托连续统改进为黄氏连续统，和将牛顿－莱布尼茨公式改进为黄氏公式。"

Then to induce the bases of their optimization according to forenamed analysis from macroscopical and microscopical points of view.

然后在前两项分析的基础上，推出山东省中小学教师继续教育教学模式优化组合的科学依据，这八条依据有的是从宏观的角度俯览，有的是从微观的角度展开，不管与中小学继续教育教学模式的联系是直接的还是间接的，笔者认为都是我省中小学教师继续教育教学模式优化组合必须要考虑的，并要以此为依据。

The four single errors exist in joint B in crank.rocker mechanism. The result indicates that the theory analysis is correct. In order to analyze the distribution of contact stress in joints, the ANSYS finite element tool is used. The situation of four single errors in joint B is analyzed. The distribution of contact stress is actually reflected. The microcosmic stress analysis is referred.

为了分析铰链在存在形位误差的情形下铰链中接触应力的分布情况，利用ANSYS有限元分析工具，通过对B铰链存在的四种可能出现的形位误差造成在装配过程中产生的接触应力的分析，真实的反映了铰链接触应力的分布情况，从而由宏观的力分析进入微观的应力分析，这也是前人没有涉及过的。

Based on the rich historical soil and macrostructure of society, this thesis draws from the perspective of sociology on Lucien Goldmann's sociologictheory on novels-happenstantialistic structuralism, chooses structure as the key point of tangency with respect to the change of viewpoint following the sociologic imagination, andthus focuses on the interpretation of sociology on both the Chinese and Western novels by analyzing the social spirits and cultural spirits. From the standpoint of successive longitudinal happenstantialism and conexisting horizontal structuralism, the thesis also endeavors to understand and interpret the complicated relationship between novel structure and spiritual structure of sodiety from the external to the internal, thus systematically illustrates the deep relationship between novels and society.

论文将小说置于社会学视野内，立足深厚的历史土壤，依据宏观的社会构架，发挥社会学的想象力，借鉴吕西安·戈德曼"发生学结构主义"小说社会学理论，选择"结构"作为遵循社会学想象力进行视角转换的重要切入点，着重从社会精神和文化精神的层面对中西小说进行社会学的阐释；在历时纵向发生学和共时横向结构主义的视阈中，由此及彼，由表及里，"理解"和"解释"小说结构与社会精神结构间的复杂关系，进而系统地阐明小说与社会的深层关系。

At present,the domestic related television in the morning news program item's research multi-attention in the concrete business problem's discussion as well as to the individual program phenomenon's analysis,the news program item lack systematic combing in the morning to our country entire television from the idea to the form development transformation. This kind of relative isolation dispersion's angle of view easy to cause the research class in the surface,but studies the business problem not to be able to be separated from the history of view.

目前国内有关早间电视新闻节目的研究多关注于具体业务问题的探讨以及对个别节目现象的分析，对我国早间电视新闻节目从观念到形式的发展变革缺乏系统性的梳理，这种相对孤立分散的视角容易使研究流于表面，而研究业务问题不能脱离史的视角，微观现象需要放置在宏观的社会文化背景下进行分析。

The problem has been studied from two sides, firstly, from the viewpoint of applicability, based on the development strategic objectives of the oil company, with the aim to unify the exploration and extraction decisions of the resources in an integrated framework, and integrate the macro economic and technical objectives with micro economic and technical models of an oil well, an integrated non-linear dynamic optimal control model has been constructed, the objective is the benefit maximum of the exploration and extraction of the resources, and the optimalstrategies are obtained by changing the problem into a non-linear mathematical programming problem, on the other hand, from the more macro level, based on the analysis of the characteristics of the exploration and extraction activities of oil and gas resources, a conclusion is easily deduced that the procedure is full of randomicity, then discovering procedure of oil deposit is proved to be a Poisson process, and the reserves process is a supermartingale process, so the model of exploration discovery rate and the reserves model could be constructed.

其次从相对更宏观的层次上，通过对油气资源勘探与开发的特点分析，认为具有很强的随机性，证明了勘探活动发现油气藏的过程为一泊松过程，所发现的油气藏储量为一上鞅过程，在此基础上，建立了油气藏勘探发现率模型及储量模型，在油气价格服从几何布朗运动条件下，以油气开采收益最大化为目标，建立了一个油气资源勘探与开发的随机最优控制模型，采用动态规划方法得到了值函数的HJB方程，并针对方程的特点，以及方程及其变量所对应的经济学意义，对最优策略的求解进行了一些讨论。

Because the township/town government plays a dominant role in the relationship, the first step in the construction of the model is to unshackle the old management function and mode of the township/town government. It should implement its administration macrocosmically and indirectly, and through economic and legislative measures. It should respect villager democratic rights and push ahead democratic progress in rural China.

在乡政府和村委会的相互关系中，乡政府无疑处于主导方面，因此，要实现"乡政村治"的理想关系模式，首先，乡政府必须转变旧的管理职能和管理方式，学会用宏观的和间接的方式以及经济的、法律的手段来实施行政管理职能，同时切实尊重村民的民主自治权利，推进农村民主政治建设进程。

The paper considers that urban planning methodology is composed with three parts. They are philosophy foundation, noetic methodology and operational methods. The philosophy foundation of urban planning methodology under the framework of multi-rationality composes of Marxist philosophy with materialistic dialectic and historical dialectic as the core, western philosophy such as humanism, verificationism, and historism etc., oriental philosophy centralized on synthesis and unison. The noetic methodology of urban includes micro logical noetic methods macro visual noetic methods and micro-macro creative noetic methods. The urban planning operational method includes the route, process and techniques needed in practice.

其中，城市规划方法的哲学基础是在总体的复合理性框架之下，由以辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义为核心的马克思主义哲学，人本主义、实证主义、历史主义等西方哲学以及强调综合调和、天人合一的东方哲学思想所构成；城市规划思维方法体系，是城市规划过程中思考问题的角度及处理问题的方法论的总和，包括微观的逻辑思维方法、宏观的形象思维方法和宏微结合的创造性思维方；城市规划操作方法体系是直接用于城市规划实践的方法归纳和概括，包括城市规划的方法路线、程序组织、技术方法等等。

In macro-perspective views, the popularity of codeswitching in ads reveals people"s psychological tendencies of westernization worship and language superiority admiration; in terms of ads plotting, code choice is usually employed as an effective strategy to call people"s attention so as to fulfill the advertising tasks. In addition, Markedness theory further explains how copywriters use implicatory meanings a code itself conveys to affect the target audience"s understanding of copywriters" purposes and intentions.

从宏观的角度上看，中―英语码转换在中国媒体广告中的流行趋势从心理学的角度体现了人们崇洋的心理及对&优势语言&的崇拜；从广告的创作方面来说，语码的选择是广告撰稿人为了引起顾客的注意从而达到广告宣传目的所采用的一种有效手段；&有标记理论&则从语言学的角度分析了广告撰稿人如何利用语码本身所传递的意义影响广告受众对广告人目的及意图的了解。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。