宏观物理学

The bulk of solid-state physics theory and research is focused on crystals , largely because the periodicity of atoms in a crystal — its defining characteristic —facilitates mathematical modeling, and also because crystalline materials often have electrical , magnetic , optical , or mechanical properties that can be exploited for engineering purposes.

固体的内部结构和运动形式很复杂，这方面的研究是从晶体开始的，因为晶体的内部结构简单，而且具有明显的规律性，较易研究。以后进一步研究一切处于凝聚状态的物体的内部结构、内部运动以及它们和宏观物理性质的关系。这类研究统称为凝聚态物理学。

Content The course will deal with the heat mechanics problem of chemistry with the method of statistical physics and statistical thermodynamics, which is the bridge of macroscopical system and micro system.

课程内容：统计热力学是用统计物理学的方法研究和处理化学热力学问题，是研究宏观物体和微观体系的桥梁。

Furthermore, this paper gives the qualitative interpretation of the osmosis phenomenon from the macroscopical and microcosmic physics and introduces the derivation of the law of van't Hoff by elementary kinetic theory.

此外，从物理学宏观和微观的角度给出了渗透现象的定性解释，并从基本的动力学理论出发引入了范托夫定律的理论推导。

Therefore, reviewing theory base on nationality ideas of Kodaly Zoltan, Karl orff and Emile Jaques-Dalcroze these three music education systems as a cut-in point, firstly use psychology, sociology and philosophy as basic theory to process macrocosmic comparative argumentation to three system music education ideas, then process microcosmic theoretic logic discursion to a few basic fields which influence sight singing and ear training course teaching aim, teaching content, teaching implementation and teaching valuation to confirm most correlative and effective information sources of teaching practice based on nation musicality of sight singing and ear training; once more describe actuality of teaching practice based on nation musicality of sight singing and ear training in our country and demonstrate these basic subjects (psychology, sociology and philosophy) with sight singing and ear training teaching relations and actual meanings of music teaching to further propose development direction and actual problems faced with teaching practice based on nation musicality of sight singing and era training in our country.

由于音乐学科教育学研究与哲学、美学、社会学、心理学、教育学、物理学、历史学、民族学等多种学科有着密切的联系和交叉，因此，从考察柯达伊、奥尔夫、达尔克罗兹(Emile Jaques-Dalcroze)三个音乐教育体系民族性理念的理论基础作为切入点，首先从宏观上对三个体系的音乐教育理念进行以心理学、社会学和哲学为基础理论的比较论证；继而从微观上对影响以视唱练耳课民族性教学的目标、教学内容、教学实施、教学评价的一些基本领域进行理论上的逻辑推理，确定与视唱练耳民族音感教学实践最相关的和最有效的信息来源；再对我国视唱练耳民族音感教学实践现状进行描述，论证这些基础学科与视唱练耳教学的种种关系及对音乐教学的实际含义，进一步提出我国视唱练耳民族音感教学实践所面临的具体问题和发展方向。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。