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This paper uses Laura Hostetler's Qing Colonial Enterprise as an instance to explore these common defects in Western comparative researches between Chinese and European history, and tries to provide some ideas on proper intercomparison.

美国学者霍斯泰特勒的《清朝殖民地事业》一书所作的中西历史比较研究，即存在这种不足，并且这种状况在西方学者中具有明显的普遍性。

In this aspect, researchers in China have done a great deal of work, however since interprovincial migration is a reaction to differences among provinces, different periods of time will have their own influences on the migration characteristics.

省际人口迁移作为一类长距离的迁移，也成为了学者们关注的一个重点。在这方面我国学者做出大量的研究工作。

Alexander Wendt and Raymond Duvall," Institutions and International Order," in Ernst-Otto Czempiel and James N. Rosenau, eds., Global Changes and Theoretical Challenges : approaches to world politics for the 1990s (Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, 1989), pp. 51-73; Maja Zehfuss, Constructivism in International Relations (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002); Karin M Fierke and Knud Erik Jorgensen, eds.

建构主义理论和英国的「国际社会取向」（ international society approach ）有许多类似之处，英国学派主要学者以 Hedley Bull 和 Martin Wight 两人最为著名，此派学者主张国家体系是深植於国际社会之中，这个社会包含了国家广为接受的各种价值、规范、和机构，因此可提供国家体系运作的基础。

Therefore, ophthalmologist is more exact and proper wording to describe him.

他是那样的与众不同，即便是站在他们那一代学者里面，他浑身上下透着的那种特有的学者气质，使他有别于他人。

He is a 9/11 Truth Scholar and activist; AB Princeton 1966, summa cum laude and Phi Beta Kappa; Fulbright Scholar at University of Turin, Italy; and MA in humanities from Skidmore College.

他是9月11日真相学者和活动家；抗体普林斯顿大学，以最优异的成绩毕业的优等生1966年，富布赖特在意大利都灵大学的学者，以及来自硕士斯基德莫尔学院人文科学。

Disfavored scholars were usually sent away to be governors in remote counties, almost no scholar was ever killed by Emperors.

Disfavored学者通常被送走的省长在边远的县，几乎没有学者从未被皇帝。

Karl Marls Theory of Surplus Value is attacked by capitalism economists all the time. Whats more, after Socialist Market Economy setting up in China, many academicians explain Chinese enterprises'profit and capital rent by it. Which is wrong in fact.

剩余价值理论1直是资产阶级学者攻击的对象，另1方面，社会主义市场经济建立以后，许多学者，都用剩余价值来解释Wo国的企业利润，资本利得。

Karl Marls Theory of Surplus Value is attacked by capitalism economists all the time. Whats more, after Socialist Market Economy setting up in China, many academicians explain Chinese enterprises'profit and capital rent by it. Which is wrong in fact.

剩余价值理论一直是资产阶级学者攻击的对象，另一方面，社会主义市场经济建立以后，许多学者，都用剩余价值来解释我国的企业利润，资本利得。

This research starts from formulating an important brand strength valuation index using literature survey and various present brand valuation methods.

历来有许多学者将衡量品牌价值的方式分为许多不同的作法，虽然学者们尝试以各种角度切入来衡量品牌价值，但是衡量方式不但众多且繁杂，亦不够具有全面性。

The scholars had not paid enough attention to the genealogy in the Han Dynasties, because only Family tree and genealogical tree written by private person were regarded as genealogy works by them.

两汉时期的谱牒学在谱学发展史上没有引起学者们的足够重视，原因在于这些学者认为只有私家之家谱、族谱才算是谱学著作。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。