学术

Taking the scientific verified method, argumentation explicative method, Marxism materialist dialectics and intuitive method of experience as the main frame, beginning with the stereoscopic vision of fusion and creation, this paper makes a macroscopic and systematic research on the academic methodology during Minguo period according to the internal line of reasoning of society change, academic debug and method creation.

本文尝试以科学实证方法、义理阐释方法、马克思主义唯物辩证方法、直觉体悟方法为主体框架，从融合与创新的立体视眼切入，按照社会转型、学术调适、方法创新的内在理路，对民国时期的学术方法论作一宏观、系统的研究，以此来凸现民国时期学术方法论的整体面貌和价值，并从历史和逻辑的层面揭示人类文化在不断接触中融合、在不断融合中创新、在不断创新中发展的客观规律。

It comes to the conclusion that in Chinese comprehensive universities, the marginal contribution of the academic power is larger than the administrative power, that is, the expansion of academic power will play a more notable role than the expansion of the administrative power.

上述研究显示出，大学权力结构中行政权力与学术权力相对大小的不同将对大学的组织效率产生不同的影响；当前我国教学科研型大学中，学术权力的边际贡献比行政权力的贡献大，即扩大学术权力的作用要比扩大行政权力的作用大。

In planning the journal,the chief editor must put e phasis on the academic nature,on the academic characteristic of the publisher that runs the journal,on the research papers,and on the academic information.

主编在学报策划中，应该把立足点放在学术性上，放在主办机构的学术特色上，放在学术论文和学术信息上。

Cultural theory from the metaphysical level in terms of Western culture is also a "take-ism" as the value orientation is to the Western theory as a guide, to transform traditional Oriental thinking academic, or to the East and China, to set academic ideas into the procrustean the framework of Western academic thought.

从形而上学层面的人文学说而言，对西方文化也是以"拿来主义"为价值取向，就是以西方学说为指导，来改造东方传统思想学术，或把东方和中国的学术思想削足适履地套入西方学术思想的框架。

Boyer, the former president of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching published his famous report Scholarship Reconsidered: the Priorities of the Professoriate, and now it has developed intoa national movement with the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, American Association of Higher Education and Indiana University-Bloomington taking the lead. What's more, it has had its influence beyond America to the countries like the U.K., Canada, Australia and Russia, etc., and become one of the important international movements of higher education in this era.

在1990年出版题为《学术的反思——教授的工作重点》的报告后，美国开始了长达10多年的对大学教学学术的大讨论，并形成了以卡内基促进教学基金会、美国高等教育协会及印第安那大学布卢明顿校区为主导的大学学术运动，其影响现已不仅限于美国，而且波及到了英国、加拿大、澳大利亚、俄罗斯等国，成为引人注目的当代国际高等教育的一种重要运动。

Derek Bok,the former president of Harvard University,was against both conservatism and radicalness about university to inspire academic freedom again,brought forward academic neutrality to take on social responsibility and government s serving to university.

在市场经济的冲击中，美国哈佛大学前任校长博克重振学术自由的精神，力主学术中立的发展，有效地超越了大学保守主义与激进主义的行为偏颇，提出了勇于承担社会责任的大学学术理念，进而提出市场经济原则下的政府与大学关系的服务观，这对于正进行市场经济改革国家的高等教育发展，具有重要的启发意义。

The third chapter first deals with Schlesinger\'s political career and his reflection of the role of intellectuals in society and the relation between academic and politics, which promoted Schlesinger to be realistic in academic research, and then study Schlesinger\'s main works in later stage of his career on this basis.

第三章首先考察了小施莱辛格的从政生涯以及他对知识分子的社会作用、学术与政治关系等问题的思考与认识过程，指出对这些问题的思考促使小施莱辛格在学术取向上更为贴近社会现实，在此基础上分析解读了小施莱辛格学术生涯后期的主要成就。

In Chapter One, the author analyzes the main course of the academic transition from the micro point of view, presents its significance and content, and the dynamics of such transition.

在本文的第一章中，作者从宏观的角度分析了中国学术现代转型的大致历程，学术转型的涵义及内容，学术转型的动力机制等相关问题。

You contribute to the intellectual community of your department by organizing study groups for qualifying exams, by helping younger graduate students learn about the department's culture and expectations, and by giving expository talks at department colloquia.

你会去组织学术小组为资格考试作准备；你会去帮助其他年轻的师弟师妹学习本院系的学术氛围和科研要求；同时在院系的研讨会上，你会积极地发言，给出问题详尽的解释和分析。总之，通过各种工作，你在为你所在的学术团队作贡献。

D the preparation of the Ming and Qing Dynasties 11 representative nature of medicine prescription medicine tables.Basis in the database,respectively,internal medicine physicians in respect of each case by the medical prescription of the cold,temperature, level attributes for classification and analysis of statistics,the preparation of the 11 medical home "prescription medicine Medical statistical summary in nature,""Medical exopathic disease Recipe nature of tables"," Miscellaneous Diseases Medical prescription tables nature",both from the point of prescription and efficacy for the study of the nature of the disease syndromes to provide support,as well as understand the thinking of clinical medicine and academic differences between the provision of quantitative basis.

五、编制出明清时期中医学术思想三个历史发展阶段的内科疾病证候谱和方药性质统计表在上述各医家疾病证候谱和方药性质统计表的基础上，分别对明弘治元年(1486年)至清同治五年(1866年)这近四百年间中医学术思想发展三个阶段(温补学说主导期、学术转型期、温病学说主导期)的内科临床疾病证候和方药性质作分类统计和分析，编制出各时期的&内科医案疾病证候总谱&、&外感病医案疾病证候谱&、&杂病医案疾病证候谱&，以及各时期的&内科医案方药性质统计总表&、&外感病医案方药性质统计表&、&杂病医案之方药性质统计表&，提取出各时期的临床常见病证，归纳整理出各时期医家临证常用的方药寒温属性。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了