学习

In this part, we give a definition of the Chinese self-determination learning and summarize the characters of it.

这部分对语文自主学习的概念进行了界定，并概括了语文自主学习的四个特点——学习的主动性、学习的独立性、学习的开放性、学习的建构性。

Teacher-Student Double Subject Principle is an important precondition for title selection of Chinese Integrated Learning. II. Feasibility Principle is the value of title selection of Chinese Integrated Learning. III. The combination of multi-subject and uni-subject principle is an unexhausted headspring for title selection of Chinese Integrated Learning. IV. The linguistic nature of title selection target is not only the jumping-off place for title selection of Chinese Integrated Learning, but it is also the end-result for title selection of Chinese Integrated Learning.

本文主要运用文献资料与实例相结合的方法，注重于理论与实践的结合，重点探讨了义务教育阶段语文综合性学习的选题指导原则：第一，师生双主体性原则是语文综合性学习选题的前提；第二，可行性原则是语文综合性学习选题的价值所在；第三，开放性与学科性相结合是语文综合性学习选题的重要规则；第四，选题目标的语文性是语文综合性学习选题的出发点，也是语文综合性学习选题的归宿。

The tactics in students learning are: attach importance to train mathematical ability of study, attach importance to happening and developing about knowledge, arouse students to organize the system of knowledge initiatively, be good at finding the problems about students'study and to solve it and feedback timely. The methods of dealing with text are: adjusting order and going to the aim step by step, having good bedding and linking up successfully. The methods of teaching are: paying attention to excavate hide knowledge, reducing hinders of students, paying attention to the hard trying in study producing, arousing students'factor of unintelligence, teaching basis on the text and getting progress step by step, attaching importance to thinking habit and conquering the difficult in teaching, fostering fine atmosphere in study collectively.

学生学习方面采取的策略有：重视培养数学的学习能力；重视知识的发生发展，激发学生主动建构知识体系；善于发现学生的学习问题，及时进行解决和反馈；教材处理的策略有：调整顺序、逐步到位；作好铺垫、顺利衔接；教师教学方面采取的策略有：注重挖掘隐性知识，减少学生的学习障碍；关注学习过程中的努力，激发、提高学生的非智力因素；注重因材施教，循序渐进；注重学生的思维习惯，突破教学难点；培养良好的集体学习氛围。

In this paper, we introduced the method and set of cat perceptual learning and research the character of orientation discrimination and contrast detection of cat, and we also research the effect of visual perceptual learning on the response of the Dorsal Lateral Geniculate Nucleus neuron with the method of single-neuron in vivo recording techniques, by which to the ends of knowing the mechanism of neuron in the perceptual learning. Perceptual learning in orientation discrimination and contrast detection was first observed by psychophysics method in cat in the following two experiments.

本研究介绍猫的视觉学习实验装置和训练方法，观察了方位辨别和对比度检测两种知觉学习的特点，并结合在体细胞外单细胞记录技术研究了视知觉学习对外膝体神经元反应特性的影响，初步探讨猫视知觉学习的神经机制。1、运用心理物理学方法进行了两个知觉学习实验，分别观察了猫对正弦光栅方位辨别和对比度检测的知觉学习。

Learners ability of mastering cogniting, operating, controlling and phycological adjusting does good to improve their study quality, efficiency and accomplishment.

学习策略是伴随着学习活动的过程中发生的，学习者对学习的认知，适应、操作与调控等学习行为能力与学习心理调节能力，它有助于提高学习者的学习质量、效率和业绩。

In the idea of math teacher's education specialty, I put forward the instructional thought like"adequate to theory","attach importance to practice","system innovation"and"literacy standard", improve the structure of curriculum on the curriculum system construction of math teacher's education specialty, promote the character of teacher specialization, enhance the integration of general course, protrude the literacy of teacher specialization, reduce math specialized course, promote the function of"Educational Academy", regrade two kind educational course, strengthen thought integration, construct course modality of"Subject Amalgamation", unfold the summary of course structure and proportion of math teacher's education specialty. In the integration of curriculum and teaching model, according to the different kind of curriculum nature and learning stage of teacher's education specialty, I think there are three leading type to teaching model and learning stage, that is, participating teaching and meaningful receptive learning, eliciting teaching method and research study, case based teaching and reflective learning, and put forward operability suggestions to teaching practice.

在数学教师教育专业理念上，提出了&理论够用&、&实践为重&&体系创新&和&素养本位&的指导思想；在数学教师教育专业课程体系构建上，提出优化课程结构，提升教师专业化品性；加强通识课程统整，突出教师专业化素养；精减数学学科专业课，并增进&教育学术性&功能；精选两类教育类课程，强化统整思想，并构建出&学科融合&式的课程样态，展现了数学教师教育专业课程结构、比例的概略性图谱；在课程与教学模式整合问题上，笔者提出了按照教师教育专业学生学习的课程属性和学习阶段不同，形成三个主导型教学模式与学习方式，即参与式教学与有意义接受学习、启发性教学和研究性学习、案例式教学与反思性学习，并对对教育实习提出具有操作性的建议。

Possible factors of affecting on learning addition and substraction computation were impression of mathematics and the learning motivation in personal aspect, teaching ways and learning the concepts of addition and subtraction in school aspect, single parent families, grandparents' teaching, resources of the community, parents' expectation and disciplinary attitude, parents' level of education and status of social economy in living aspect.

学童对数学的学习兴趣与动机乃是影响学童学习表现的个人心理因素，而教师的教学方式、学童学习概念的成果则是学习资源影响学童学习表现的因素，再者，族群天性、单亲家庭及隔代教养问题、社区资源、家长对学童的期望与管教、家长的教育程度与社经地位等，都是生活环境影响学童学习表现的因素。

However, after I came to understand distance education more deeply, I find that network distance continuation education has many advantages. Firstly, it breaks through the limitation of time and distance. It enables the students all over the country to get instructed from those top level teachers, take the most advanced teaching method, and enjoy richer education information resource. Secondly, it profits in extending the teaching scope, providing more education chances and more flexible way of learning, which make it possible to let more people accept education. Thirdly, the modern network distance continuation, which is based on information, offers a good space-time platform for a lifelong learning. At last, the modern network distance continuation makes students to focus on self study, which help them to fully develop their proactivity, intuitivity and creativity. For the four reasons mentioned above, finally, I chose network distance continuation education as the way of my further education.

但是，经过深入了解之后，发现远程网络继续教育是有很多的优势的，第一，它可以突破时空的限制，使全国各地的学生都能接受一流水平教师的教导，接受最先进的教学方法，享有更丰富的教学信息资源；第二，有利于扩大教学规模，提供更多的学习机会和更灵活的学习方式，使更多的人可以接受教育；第三，以基于信息技术的现代远程网络继续教育，为终生学习的实现提供了时空平台，为人们提供更多开展的实施终身学习的机会；第四，现代远程网络继续教育以学习者自学为主，充分发挥学习者自主学习的主动性、积极性及创造性，综合以上四点，我最终选择远程网络继续教育作为我继续学习的途径。

So, the paper is spread circumfusing the formation and transformation. Through the analysis of the contrast between personal study and organization study and the type of organization study, this paper bring forward the high skilled talents'implicit human capital formation and transformation mechanism and model based on explorative learning, informal learning and learning by doing.

在高技能人才隐性人力资本形成机理的研究中，通过个人学习和组织学习的对比和组织学习类型的系统研究，提出探索性学习、非正式学习和&干中学&方式是高技能人才隐性人力资本形成的有效途径，并分别构建了三种学习方式促进隐性人力资本形成的路径图或机理模型。

This paper brings to light the connotation and value of cooperative learning by expounding its history and background.

本文通过对合作学习产生与发展的历史，以及对我国开展合作学习的时代背景及现状的阐述，揭示了合作学习的内涵和合作学习的价值，指出合作学习不仅仅是一种学习方式，而且也是一种教育理念。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。