孢子细胞的

Apospory The devlopment of the gametophyte directly from the cell of a sporophyte, thus bypassing meiosis and spore production.

无孢子生殖：配子体的发育直接来自孢子体的细胞而不经过减数分裂和孢子产生的生殖过程。

The results suggest that exterior of nomal PAM has plenty of microruga, the surface area of PAM was increased so as to make it possible to conglutinate and englut more conidia when activated by Aspergillus fumigatus conidia; at the same time, it provides the histologic evidence of augmentation of lysosome and endoplasmic reticulum.

我们发现，正常PAM 表面有大量微皱褶或微皱襞，在被烟曲霉孢子激活后，PAM 可以明显增大细胞的表面积，即可以使一个巨噬细胞同时粘附和吞噬多个

The results showed that conidia were thin -walled and smooth to thick walled and verrucose; fat bodies accumulated gradually in both conidium and conidiogenous cell, and finally laid over the inner wall of conidium and disappeared in conidiogenous cell.

分生孢子发育的超微结构研究表明，分生孢子壁的发育是有个由薄而光滑到厚而有疣的过程；期间脂肪体在分生孢子和产孢细胞中不断累积，最后脂肪体沿着内壁排列成一层。

The archesporial cell lies under the nucellus epidermis, which develops into a functional megasporocyte.

孢原细胞位于珠心表皮之下，直接起大孢子母细胞的功能。

As a result, some valuable taxonomicmethods, criteria and our viewpoints were concluded. The morphology ofthe sporus is the main identical base at species level, which include thecharacters of the shape, size, colour, septate and ornament of the wall etc,and some sporus with distinct variable are also useful at genus level.

孢子的特征(包括形状、大小、颜色、隔膜数和表面纹饰等)是种级分类的主要依据，一些形态差异较大的孢子可作为属的划分标准；其次，分生孢子梗的形态特征、产孢细胞的延伸方式及产孢方式也是主要的鉴别依据，对属级水平上该真菌的鉴别有重要意义；另外，培养特征及产孢表型可作为分类鉴定的必要、有益补充。

Histological study indicated that low temperature inhibited microspore formation and caused abnormal multiplication of tapetum layer cells.

经切片观察，低温会造成绒毡层细胞的异常增殖，及产生多核性巨大小孢子，而阻止小孢子发育。

Spores await dispersal and germinate in favourable conditions for amoeboid growth. However, the formation of stalk cells is a process of cell death.

在合适条件下，孢子细胞萌发开始新生命周期；而柄细胞无论用什么条件都不能萌发，因此柄细胞是死亡细胞，柄细胞的形成是细胞凋亡的过程。

Under favorable condition, it multiplies as a unicellular organism. Upon starvation, a pathway involving aggregation, mound, slug, culmination stages induces the formation of a fruiting body consisting of a head of spores supported on a stalk of vacuolated cells.

在营养丰富条件下，以单细胞形式存在；一旦食物匮乏，单个细胞聚集成多细胞体，细胞历经细胞丘、蛞蝓体、拔顶阶段完成发育和分化过程，最终形成由孢子细胞和柄细胞组成的子实体。

Molecular studies have identified some genes participating in this process, including those regulating anther cell division and differentiation, controlling male meiosis, supporting pollen development, and promoting anther dehiscence.

分子生物学的研究已经发现了一些参与这一过程的基因，包括控制花粉囊组织的分化、小孢子母细胞的减数分裂、小孢子的发育和花药的开裂等。

In the present study a solution culture method was developed to test the effects of mycorrhiza formation on organic acids.

本试验改固体培养基为营养液培养基，采用静止的培养方法，在培养四个月时发现，萌发孢子的菌丝生长良好，菌丝已经侵染了根段，形成了根内菌丝，同时也观察到大量辅助细胞的存在；培养六个月后，形成了成熟的新孢子，说明营养液静止培养菌根共生联合体的方法是成功的。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。