孢子细胞

Archesporium The single cell or group of plant cells in the sporophyte from which spore mother cells may eventually develop in a sporangium.

archesporium 孢原细胞：植物孢子体中的单个细胞或单组细胞。在那里孢子母细胞最终发育为孢子囊。

Subsequently, the tapetum cell began to disorganize, and it kept the strongest Ca^2＋ fluorescence intensity from microspore to pollen maturity until the tapetum was disappeared completely.

在花药壁组织内Ca^2＋分布也呈现规律性的变化：造孢组织时期，花药壁组织Ca^2＋荧光强度在不同壁层组织中分布均匀；小孢子母细胞时期，药壁中层细胞Ca^2＋荧光最强，绒毡层细胞次之；单核小孢子时期，绒毡层细胞呈解体状态，Ca^2＋荧光最强，并保持到二核花粉时期直至绒毡层完全消失，但此时花药纤维层发育形成，表现出较强的Ca^2＋荧光。

Female gametogenesis in higher plants undergoes various developmental changes, including the de novo formation of germline cells, the differentiation of the megaspore mother cell, meiosis, megaspore selection, and the development of the embryosac.

高等植物雌配子体的形成涉及孢原细胞和大孢子母细胞的确立与分化、大孢子发生、功能大孢子以及胚囊的形成和发育等多种复杂调控过程。随着当代生物技术及功能基因组学的发展，近年对雌配子体发育的研究已从细胞学描述逐渐过渡到对基因和发育调控分子机理的探索。

In theterosporous species, a distinction is usually made between megaspore mother cells and microspore mother cells.

在异型孢子体种类中，可区分为大孢子母细胞和小孢子母细胞。

In the functional cell such as archesporial cell,megasporocyte,dyad,tetrad and youngmegaspore,among which the three cells close to micropyle end do not degeneratewholly,no clear starch grains were observed as well as in the embryo sacs from singlenucleate embryo sac to 8-nucleate one just forming.

淀粉粒变化有规律性，在孢原细胞、大孢子母细胞、二分体、四分体和早期的大孢子（即四分体中近珠孔端的3个细胞未完全退化）等功能性细胞中未观察到明显的淀粉粒。

Trophozoite,macrogamout,microgamout, typeⅠmeront,typeⅡmeront and sporozoite in the development of C.andersoni were observed by TEM.The proliferation of C.andersoni was significantly inhibited by 1.25μg/ml NTZ and 0.31μg/ml GAs.Treated with 20μg/ml NTZ and 5μg/ml GAs respectively,the numbers of C.andersoni were only 0.29%and 0.66%compared with the untreated.

透射电镜在HCT-8细胞中观察到安氏隐孢子虫的滋养体、雌配子体、雄配子体、Ⅰ型裂殖体、Ⅱ型裂殖体和子孢子阶段。1.25μg/ml NTZ和0.31μg/ml GAs即可显著抑制HCT-8细胞中安氏隐孢子虫的增殖。20μg/ml NTZ和5μg/ml GAs作用后，虫体数量仅分别为未加药的0.29%和0.66%。

Sporulation involves an inner cell maturing into a spore and an outer cell nurturing the developing spore.

孢子的形成包括孢子内部细胞的成熟和外部细胞对形成中孢子的营养供给。

CaM mRNA was substantially expressed in thetapetum, stigma, pollen tube track, degenerated synergid and transfusion parenchymacells. Lesser but yet significant amounts of CaM mRNA were also localized in themicrospore mother cells, microspores, pollen, antipodal cells, egg cell and central cell.

钙调素mRNA在绒毡层、柱头、花粉管生长途径、退化助细胞以及维管薄壁细胞中大量表达，也可在小孢子母细胞、小孢子、花粉、反足细胞、卵细胞以及中央细胞中检测到。

Using cytohischemical staining methods, with the results of comparison the dynamics of proteins and polysaccharides in the anthe wall cells and colule cells of different developmental phases in female and male flowers, the anormogenesis of anther tapetum in the inflecting phase of from bisexual flower to unisexual flower was observed. In microspore developed phase, the tapetum functions of preserving and transportingmutritive material for microspore development and of secreting callosal enzyme for decompositing callosal cell lost no normal guadrant formed, of being abnormal meiose of pollen mother cells, and then, the stamen aborted selectively in female flowers and pistil in male flower.

利用细胞组织化学染色技术，对雌、雄花雄蕊花药壁细胞及花药内细胞发育过程中多糖及蛋白质动态进行了比较，实验中观察到雌花在从两性至单性花转变时期雄蕊绒毡层在整个发育过程中表现异常，在小孢子发育过程中未能起到贮藏、转运营养物质供小孢子发育及适时分泌胼胝质酶溶解胼胝质壁的功能，并且花粉母细胞减数分裂异常而未形成四分体结构，进而导致雌花雄蕊选择性败育，而雄花中雌蕊组织也发生了选择性败育过程。

The primary sporogenous cells divided into the second sporogenous cells which would turn into microspore mother cells in a microsporangium. The cytokinesis in meiosis of the microspore mother cells was of modified simultaneous type, forming the decussate, isobilateral or T-shaped tetrads.

初生造孢细胞分裂形成次生造孢细胞，次生造孢细胞再转化为小孢子母细胞，小孢子母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂为修饰性同时型，四分体排列方式为交叉型、对称型或&T&型，成熟花粉粒二细胞型，开花时散出。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。