孢子的细胞

Apospory The devlopment of the gametophyte directly from the cell of a sporophyte, thus bypassing meiosis and spore production.

无孢子生殖：配子体的发育直接来自孢子体的细胞而不经过减数分裂和孢子产生的生殖过程。

Following 72 h co-culture, desquamate, sporozoites, trophozoites, meronts, microgametocytes, macrogametocytes, zygote, thin-wall oocyst, and thick-wall oocyst appeared orderly. Between the 60th and 72th hour, many oocysts emerged. Inoculated by the C. parvum -infected cell culture supernatant at the 48th hour, the immunosuppressed mice became infected.

在感染后72 h内，隐孢子虫出现连续发育阶段，包括脱囊、子孢子、裂殖子、裂殖体、滋养体、配子体、合子、薄壁卵囊和厚壁卵囊，在60～72 h内形成卵囊；用感染48 h的细胞培养上清接种于免疫抑制小鼠， 10 d后有隐孢子虫卵囊排出。

Results indicated : The meiosis stages of megaspore of white poplars are different, while there was a association between MMCs and PMCs meiosis in the same hybrid.

研究表明，不同白杨的大孢子母细胞减数分裂进程存在差异性，而同一树种的大、小孢子母细胞减数分裂进程存在时序性相关。

Under the same environmental conditions when the meiosis of microspore mother cell develop into tetrads the female buds were dipped duly with colchicine solution, which guaranteed that chromosome doubling of megaspore in white poplar could be accomplished in a short time. So much workload was cut down, and induction efficiency of triploid white poplars was also improved.

当相同生境以及培养条件下的小孢子母细胞减数分裂达到四分体后，适时采用秋水碱溶液对雌花芽进行浸泡处理，可保证白杨大孢子染色体加倍处理能集中于一个较短的时间段内进行，从而大大减轻了工作量，同时提高三倍体诱导效率和效果。

Cytological observation was made,which indicated that microspore degeneration was a successive process.

比较研究了可育花及两种类型的不育花小孢子发育的细胞形态学特征，发现萝卜小孢子败育是个连续过程，在造孢细胞时期就已出现败育迹象。

Aneuspory The production of an unusual number of spores during meiosis of a spore mother cell.

异数孢子：在孢子母细胞减数分裂过程中产生不正常孢子数目的现象。

As a result, some valuable taxonomicmethods, criteria and our viewpoints were concluded. The morphology ofthe sporus is the main identical base at species level, which include thecharacters of the shape, size, colour, septate and ornament of the wall etc,and some sporus with distinct variable are also useful at genus level.

孢子的特征(包括形状、大小、颜色、隔膜数和表面纹饰等)是种级分类的主要依据，一些形态差异较大的孢子可作为属的划分标准；其次，分生孢子梗的形态特征、产孢细胞的延伸方式及产孢方式也是主要的鉴别依据，对属级水平上该真菌的鉴别有重要意义；另外，培养特征及产孢表型可作为分类鉴定的必要、有益补充。

Could be observed on 10th day after pollination, archesporial cell on 20thday, megasporocyte on 24th day, the functional megaspore on 30th day; and 8-nucleate embryo sac on 41th day. And then double fertilization finish and early globular embryo emerg.

授粉10 d出现指状突起，20 d形成胚珠原基，24 d大孢子母细胞发生，30 d功能大孢子形成，41 d发育为成熟的八核胚囊，而后完成双受精发育成早期球形胚。

Megaspore development and abortion of"Pingyi Tiancha"Compar-ing with regular developing megaspore of normal M.baccata,the megasporemother cellof"Pingyi Tiancha"could form mono-nucleus embryo sacby perhaps irregular meiosis,then most of sexual MES depauperatedand degenerated,finally aborted,or only a few further developed.Of asexualembryo sac,one or more large cells at the chalazal end of nucellus developed in-to one to more asexual embryo sac initials.After the competition between sexu-al embryo sacand asexual embryosac,most ovules only had one asexual embryo sac matured.

平邑甜茶大孢子的发育和败育与正常发育的山定子大孢子对比，平邑甜茶大孢子母细胞经减数分裂能形成单核胚囊，之后多数有性胚囊萎缩、退化而败育，只有极少数进一步发育；而无性胚囊则从胚珠合点端1个或多个较大的珠心细脆形成并首先发育为一个或多个无性胚囊原始体；经过有性胚囊和无性胚囊以及无性胚囊和无性胚囊之间的竞争，多数胚珠只有一个无性胚囊成熟。

The result is consistent with previous studies. Whereas, tapetal cells of sterile anthers were disintegrated since tetrad cells were disjoined, indicating that disintegration of tapetal cells is earlier occurred in sterile anther than that in fertile anther. DNA ladder revealed that the cleavage of nuclear DNA into oligonucleosome-sized fragments to

结果表明，在花粉母细胞减数分裂后的四分体解离时期，不育花药的绒粘层细胞较可育花药提前开始裂解；在不育系S-Mo17rf3rf3花药和花粉S-(rf3)中均明显出现PCD过程的DNA片段化以及线粒体细胞色素C外渗的现象，证明了玉米CMS-S的花粉败育与花药绒粘层细胞的提前凋亡和小孢子细胞的细胞程序性死亡有关。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。