孢子体

The investigation of the structures of reproductive organs,megasporogenesis,microsporogenesis and the development of male and female gametophyte in Dendrocalamus sinicus are made using normal paraffin method in this article.

通过石蜡切片的方法对巨龙竹生殖器官结构、大小孢子的发生和雌、雄配子体的发育过程进行了观察研究。巨龙竹为一心皮组成的单室单子房，子房内具有一个胚珠，倒生、双珠被、厚珠心。

On the base of review the research development in tissue culture and genetic transformation, Comparative analyses were made on the callus induction and embryogenetic abilities of anther and non-pollinated ovules of rubber tree. Fluorescence detection was implemented with the different in vitro material of Hevea brasiliensis.

本研究在综述了橡胶树组织培养及遗传转化研究进展的基础上，系统地比较了橡胶花药和未授粉胚珠愈伤组织诱导及体细胞胚胎发生能力，对橡胶树不同离体组织进行荧光背景检测，将在植物胚胎发育时期起重要作用的BBM基因导入橡胶树，对电激法转化游离小孢子细胞以及农杆菌介导花药愈伤组织进行初步探索。

Strains of entomogenous fungi were preliminarily identified to the generic level by characteristics of fruiting body, vegetative cells and spores.

根据菌落形态、营养体、孢子等特征将 12 4株虫生真菌初步鉴定到属，其中 110株已鉴定到种和专化型，共计 10属 2 5种。

Antheridia occurred in the cushion on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of gametophytes while archegonia were observed on the ventral surface only. On hermaphroditic gametophytes, antheridia and archegonia were usually intermingled. Both types of gametangia were eusporangiate.

藏精器与藏卵器分别在孢子洒播10及12月后发生；藏精器长在中肋的背面及腹面，藏卵器只在腹面发生；两性配子体的藏精器与藏卵器混生一起，两者均属厚囊蕨型。

In this paper, the biological characteristics of florescence, spikelet and inflorescences structure, morphogenesis formation of inflorescence, megasporogenesis and the development of female gametophytes were studied systematically by using anatomy structure, scanning electron microscopic and paraffin section methods. The results were as followed:(1) Phyllostachys praecox was the bamboo flowering fragmentarily; the cultivation changed the characteristic of flowering; the plantlets of flowering were complex and splitted into three kinds: the plantlet flowering before continued flowering; the plantlet flowering before stopped flowering and the plantlet changed into flowering. The inflorescence of Ph. praecox was indefinite inflorescence or called false inflorescence, and actually it was flower stress structure. Its basal unit was pseudospikelet with two kinds: apical spikelet and lateral spikelet. The floret had one lemma, one pelea, three stamens, one pistil and three lodicules.

本研究综合运用形态解剖学、扫描电镜、石蜡切片等技术手段，对雷竹花期生物学特性、小穗与花序构造、花序形态建成过程、大孢子发生与雌配子体发育等进行了较为系统的研究，结果表明：(1)雷竹为零星开花竹种，耕作条件对其开花特性具有重要影响；开花植株类型复杂多样，可以分为以前开过花现在继续开花、以前开过花现在停止开花以及以前未开过花现在转为开花等3种类型；雷竹花序为无限制花序或称&假花序&，实为花枝结构，基本单位为&假小穗&；假小穗有顶生和侧生之分；小花具内外稃各1枚，雄蕊3，雌蕊L，另具3枚大小不等之鳞被。

Based on these observations, we predict that the transmission of GA-signaling genes occurs in a sporophytic manner, since the protein products and/or mRNA transcripts of these genes may be introduced into pollen-carrying mutant alleles, whereas GA synthesis genes are transmitted in a gametophytic manner, since these genes are preferentially expressed after meiosis.

基于这些观察，我们预测该遗传算法，基因信号传输时，在孢子的方式，因为蛋白质的产品和/或基因这些基因的转录可以引入花粉携带突变基因，而合成的基因遗传传递以配子体的态度，因为这些基因是优先减数分裂后表示。

Any of various fungi of the genus Lycoperdon and related genera, having a ball-shaped fruiting body that when pressed or struck releases the enclosed spores in puffs of dust.

松勃菌任一种松勃菌属及相关属类的任几种真菌，有受压或受挤后以粉雾状释放内部孢子的球形子突体

For instance, when nutrients run low, individual myxobacteria may come together to form a fruiting body to produce spores.

例如，当营养缺少时，个体粘丝菌可能会聚集起来形成一个果状体来生产孢子。

Nosema antheraeae ; Ribosomal RNA gene ; ITS ; Organization ; Phylogenetic analysis

柞蚕微孢子；核糖体基因；转录间隔区；排列顺序；系统分析

Transformed roots were inocuiated with resting spores of Plasmodiophora brassicae. On solid MS medium, the resting spores infected root haires but not root cortical tissues, and therefore no syndrome of club robt disease was found.

用根肿菌休眠孢子接种离体培养的转化根，结果发现，在固体培养基上，根肿菌只侵入根毛内，不侵入根皮层组织，因而不表现根肿病的任何症状。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。