子核

In Chapter Three, we use the method of interpolation spline of differential operater to come up with the reproducing kernel in H01 with respect to bounded linear operator in H10. Then we use the reproducing kernel to develop the expression of the best approximating of bounded linear operator in H10 and prove its convergence.

第三章中，对于H_0~1中的有界线性算子，用微分算子插值样条函数的方法给出了H_0~1空间中的再生核，利用此再生核给出了H_0~1上的有界线性算子的最佳逼近的表达形式，并证明了其收敛性。

Some concepts in quantale,such as c-nuclei,r-nuclei,closed map closed filter were introduced and Some properties of these new nuclei are discussed, we abtain the characterizations of c-nuclei in different quantales and the equivalance between c-nuclei and r-nuclei.

幂等左侧Quantale是单纯Quantale当且仅当它是离散一致简单Quantale。二。研究Quantale中的核映射和闭滤子。引入了c-核映射，r-核映射，闭滤子和闭映射等概念，讨论了它们的一系列性质。

Iii By using the well-known properties of the dela vallee-poussin summability kernels and the pass principle of weakly compact operator, we study the weak compactness of C〓 on vector-valued analytic function spaces H〓, B〓, N and N〓, establish some connections between the weak compactness of composition operators and the structure properties of Banach spaces. These generalize and unify the corresponding results in the scalar-valued setting and enrich the content of the study of composition operator in another way.

第三，利用著名的de la Vallee-poussin可和核及有关算子的弱紧性的传递原理给出了向量值解析函数空间H〓、B〓、N及N〓上的复合算子的弱紧性的刻画，建立了复合算子的弱紧性与Banach空间的结构性质之间的联系，统一和推广了对应的数量值解析函数空间上的复合算子的弱紧性，这从另一种途径极大地丰富了复合算子的研究内容。

ARID (AT-rich interaction domain) protein is a transcription factor family in higher eukaryotes that regulates cell proliferation, development, and differentiation. Specificity of DNA binding ability in this family prefers AT-rich sequences, but some ARID family proteins are not sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins or they do not bind AT-rich sequences. We found two genes that encode ARID in Giardia lamblia genome database, garid1 and garid2. We analyzed the function of garid1 first. AU1-tagged gARID1 was found to localize to nuclei. During encystation, gARID1 mRNA level decreased emphatically, but protein level increased. We also found that gARID1 can bind AT-rich initiator of the cwp1 promoter by EMSA. Mutation analysis revealed gARID1 binding sequence was AGATC and AATAAAATA. We used ChIP to demonstrate that gARID1 can bind cwp1 gene promoter in vivo.

ARID(AT-rich interaction domain)蛋白质家族是真核生物的一种转因子，在许多同种的真核生物有它的同源基因，这个家族的蛋白质通常与调控细胞的生长、发育和分化的作用有关，而这个家族的蛋白质和DNA的结合能，各种ARID蛋白质的专一性尽相同，过大致上偏好於和AT-rich的序结合；我们已经在形鞭毛虫的基因组中找到个含有ARID 的基因，分别是garid1和garid2，我们首先对於garid1做分析；将AU1标记接到gARID1转染形鞭毛虫，用免疫萤光染色可发现gARID1存在於细胞核中。gARID1的讯息RNA在囊体化后会明显下，过其阳性染色和蛋白质表现有明显增加；EMSA实验中也发现gARID1会明显的与cwp1基因启动子之AT-rich initiator结合，经由突变序分析，也显示gARID1的结合序为AGATC和AATAAAATA，随后我们也用ChIP证明gARID1在细胞内也的确会和cwp1基因的启动子结合。

In this thesis the process of constructing the non-perturbative Hamiltonian theory is de-scribed and is applied to estimate the vacuum condensate. It contains the following contents:At the very beginning, by using the path integral method and eliminating the gluon freedom, aGCM action 〓 of current quarks including lower order current-current coupling was derivedfrom the QCD Lagrangian and the effective Hamiltonian operator that could hardly be doneby the normal methods was derived. After doing this, the broken vacuum is introduced whichincludes quark-antiquark condensate through the generalized Bogoliubov-Valatin transformation,the effective Hamiltonian of constituent quark was derived. The detailed formulas containingthe spatial current-current coupling term for the effective Hamiltonian and gap equations wasworked out by parameterizing the correlation kernel as a quadratic potential. And then, the gapequation was solved and the quark-antiquark condensate of vacuum was studied both in the casesof instantaneous interaction and retarded interaction. In the end, the effective Hamiltionian withtwo-body quark-quark interaction was derived with one-body approximation, and with the helpof the functional integral method the coupling non-linear dynamic equations for systems withnuclear matter was derived. Finally, these equations were solved by selfconsistent method andthe effect of nuclear matter on vacuum condensate was studied. The spatial current-current coupling term is too difficult to handle, hence the correlationkernel is assumed to be not important and usually omitted in the pure vacuum condensate, andthe instantaneous interaction generally is adopted. Retaining the spatial current-current termand partial retardation effect, the quark pairs condensate in pure vacuum was studied, and theeffect of quark mass was also studied. At present, little study is focused in the case with nuclearmatter and spatial current-current term also omitted. Under the approximation with partialspatial current-current term, the effect of nuclear matter on vacuum condensate was studied.

本论文描述了量子色动力学整体色对称模型哈密顿量方法的构建过程，得到了反映正反夸克对凝聚真空结构的关于组分夸克的有效哈密顿量算符，它隐含了胶子作用，并且准确至流-流耦合项；接着，通过参数化哈密顿量中的夸克作用关联核，导出平方禁闭势参数化选择的哈密顿量的具体公式和能隙方程；随后，应用公式，编程求解，考察了瞬时作用下和部分延迟作用下真空的正反夸克对凝聚，在计算中保留了空间流-流耦合作用；之后，导出瞬时势和延迟势下包含二体作用项的哈密顿量公式，并采用单体化近似，通过泛函变分方法得到核物质存在时耦合的非线性动力学方程；在保留部分空间双流耦合作用的近似下，求解核物质的动力学方程，考察核物质密度对真空凝聚的影响，以往考察真空凝聚，对关联核的选用，由于空间流-流耦合项不易处理，也认为作用不大，常忽略该项，并且常采用瞬时作用；本文保留空间双流项和部分延迟作用，考察了真空情形的夸克对凝聚，还考察了夸克质量对纯真空凝聚的影响，以往对核物质存在情形的真空凝聚考察很少，也都忽略空间流-流项，本文在考虑部分空间流-流项近似下，考察了核物质存在对真空凝聚的影响。

While mammals are characterized by male heterogamety 〔XX female, XY male〕, birds are characterized by female heterogamety〔ZZ male, ZW female〕.

哺乳类的特征是雄性异配子，即XX核型为雌性，XY核型为雄性。而鸟类的特征是雌性异配子，即ZZ核型为雄性，ZW核型为雌性。

Karyogamy The fusion of two nuclei that exist within a common cytoplasm, as occurs in the formation of the zygote from two gametes.

核配：同一个细胞中两个核之间的融合现象称为核配，核配发生在两个配子结合成合子的过程中。

When treat-ing the spectra, transition, scattering problems, we must use the semi-microscopicapproach. The main new conclusions in this thesis are following:We found the different shrinking effect in ∧ hypernuclei and 〓 hypernuclei, the shrink-ing effect in ∧ hypernuclei are confirmed in a recent experiment;We also found a new approach to treat the configuration mixing of ∧∧ hypernuclei and〓 hypernuclei and that the conversion process may change the spectra and widths of〓 hypernuclei;For the first time, we investigate the neutron star matter without the ∑ hyperon butwith the new meson 〓(975) and φ(1020), we found the contribution of 〓 and φ canmake the equation of state of neutron star soften, and the maximum mass of neutronstar reduces;we extract a set of optimum parameters of the optical potential for the scattering of 〓with nucleus, we found that the 〓 nucleus optical potential need a bigger imaginarypart.

本论文所取得的主要新成果是：独立揭示∧超核和〓超核的不同的收缩效应，其中∧超核的收缩效应被最新实验证实；提出了处理∧∧超核与〓超核混合态的新方法，并发现conversion过程使〓超核能谱和宽度改变；首次在中子星研究中在不包含∑超子的同时考虑新介子〓(975)和φ(1020)，并发现这可使中子星物质的状态方程变软、中子星半径变大、质量变小；独立提取了〓核光学势的一组最佳参数，并证明〓+核光学势要求一个较大的虚部。

It takes about 0.5 h for a pollen tube from germination to arrive at the micropyle. About 0.5 h after pollination, the pollen tube releases two sperms into one synergid. At 0.5-2.5 h after pollination, the egg cell fuses with one sperm to form a zygote. About 10.0 h after pollination, the division of the zygote begins. The duration of the zygote lasts about 2.5-10.0 h. However, one sperm nucleus fuses with two polar nuclei at 1.0-3.0 h after pollination, and 5.0 h after pollination the primary endosperm nucleus begins to divide.

水稻受精过程经历的时间表如下：授粉后，花粉在柱头萌发；花粉萌发至花粉管进入珠孔大约需要0.5小时；授粉后0.5小时左右，花粉管进入一个助细胞，释放精子；授粉后0.5-2.5小时，精卵融合形成合子；授粉后约10.0小时，合子第1次分裂，合子期为授粉后2.5-10.0小时；授粉后1.0-3.0小时，精核与两极核融合；授粉后约5.0小时，初生胚乳核分裂。

In general, this malaria parasites in the mature or nearly mature erythrocytes, schizonts usually large, occurre in mature erythrocytes with more 20 merozoites most commonly arranged in mass.

两性配子体较大，均为长形，雄性配子体有驱核现象，并使寄主细胞膨胀变大；雌配子体较雄配子体长，有一定的包核现象。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。