委婉的

Dear Daughter, since thou claim'st me for thy Sire, And my fair Son here showst me, the dear pledge Of dalliance had with thee in Heav'n, and joys Then sweet, now sad to mention, through dire change [ 820 ] Befalln us unforeseen, unthought of, know I come no enemie, but to set free From out this dark and dismal house of pain, Both him and thee, and all the heav'nly Host Of Spirits that in our just pretenses arm'd [ 825 ] Fell with us from on high: from them I go This uncouth errand sole, and one for all Myself expose, with lonely steps to tread Th' unfounded deep, and through the void immense To search with wandring quest a place foretold [ 830 ] Should be, and, by concurring signs, ere now Created vast and round, a place of bliss In the Purlieues of Heav'n, and therein plac't A race of upstart Creatures, to supply Perhaps our vacant room, though more remov'd, [ 835 ] Least Heav'n surcharg'd with potent multitude Might hap to move new broiles: Be this or aught Then this more secret now design'd, I haste To know, and this once known, shall soon return, And bring ye to the place where Thou and Death [ 840 ] Shall dwell at ease, and up and down unseen Wing silently the buxom Air, imbalm'd With odours; there ye shall be fed and fill'd Immeasurably, all things shall be your prey.

" 他说罢，母子俩大为高兴，"死"一听说有这样可以吃饱的地方，不觉微笑露出了狰狞的牙齿，预祝自己的肚皮将交好运，邪恶的母亲也同样欢喜，这样对她父亲说： V2：她说罢，聪明的魔王便警悟，立刻放温和些，这样委婉地答道，"亲爱的女儿，你既然叫我父亲，又把俊美的儿子指给我看，这是我在天上和你嬉游时的纪念品，当初的欢喜、甜蜜，今天已不堪回首，都只因这不可预料的不幸变故。要知道，我这次来不是要同你们敌对，而是要把你们和一切为正当的权利而武装起义，并从天上坠落的天使军的精灵们解放，从黑暗和痛苦中解放出来。

One day, while about to hunt and gather, Gog scratches his head, turns to the rest of his cave-dwelling clan, and says,"You know… every time we go down to the watering hole between the time the sun is on the horizon and the time it's above us in the sky, one of us gets his head cracked open by some goon from the Big Rock Tribe."

哥格先分析相关数据、资料之间的关系（当然，这一过程是在哥格的头脑里进行的， 21世纪的犯罪情报分析专家也是这样作的），发现一种对他族人安全造成威胁的犯罪行为模式，接着分析和描述这种威胁其族人安全的犯罪行为模式（犯罪行为的地理位置或环境，时间及其他相关可疑因素），将他所发现的犯罪行为模式的分析结论传递给他的族人，最后还将他所找到的解决这一问题的对策也一并委婉地告诉了他的族人。

To go, to go west, to go to heaven, to depart, to depart from the world for ever, to be gone, to go to a better world, to be with God, to be in Heaven, to breathe one's last, to go the way of all flesh, to pay one's debt to nature, to leave us, to be no more, to take off fade, to join one's ancestors, to join the silent majority, to go to the other world, to yield up the ghost, to be gathered, to be one's fathers, troubles be over now, fall asleep, pass away, one ' s heart has stopped

等等。人们讳言死亡，亲人的离去带给人们的是悲伤和哀痛。但英语中，由于委婉语的使用，人们常常把死亡比喻成到极乐世界去了，上天堂了等，表达了西方人一种美好的愿望。这种美好的向往使活着的人也摆脱了亲人死亡的痛苦，鼓舞了人们活下去的勇气。

The study of the euphemisms is of great significance to better understand the relationship between language and the culture and to help overcome the obstacles in the cross-cultural communication.

随着社会的不断进步，语言正发生着日新月异的变化。对委婉语的研究对于更好的理解语言和文化的关系以及克服在跨文化交际中的障碍有极大的积极意义。

It is indeed the product of various countries' culture, so its application is determined by cultural factors. The paper can be divided into three parts, the first part reviews Leech politeness principle and it's advantage and disadvantage, then it discusses its cultural characteristics by using contrastive analysis method to analyze cultural origins and decisiveness of politeness principle. Then it explains cultural decisiveness of the politeness principle by introducing Chinese politeness criteria, Examples on vocatives, terms of humility and honorifics, taboos and euphemism are also given to further illustrate this point. Finally it proposes the conclusion: we should learn more about politeness principle and its cultural characteristics and raise people's consciousness on this issue so as to help people successfully in cross-cultural communication.

全文主要分为三部分，第一部分回顾了Leech的礼貌原则的内容并对礼貌原则的合理之处和不足之处进行了分析；然后采用了对比分析的方法，从礼貌的文化渊源和礼貌的文化决定性来讨论礼貌的文化特性；接着引入顾曰国的汉语礼貌准则，以及从称呼语、恭维自谦语、禁忌委婉语方面举例来说明礼貌原则具有文化决定性；最后提出结论：应对礼貌原则及其文化特性进行研究以此提高人们的跨文化意识，促进跨文化交际的顺利进行。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。