委婉

These differences attributes on the one hand to the fact of male dominance in language, that a society penetrated with the overwhelming conception of male dominance is mirrored in language with the directness, less use of euphemism, more coarse even tabooed words characteristic of male language and with the politeness, circumbendibus, and more use of euphemisms typical of female language.

这些差异在理论上一方面归因于语言存在性别歧视，男性主导的社会反映在语言上即男性语言的直接，较少使用委婉语，并较多使用粗俗甚至禁忌语，而女性语言则以礼貌，迂回，较多使用委婉语为特点。

And then makes detailed discussion on euphemism from the aspects of the different functions through a lot of examples.

然后通过大量的实例从委婉语不同的功能对委婉语进行了细致的探讨。

The pragmatic analysis of euphemistic expressions remains to be further explored.

本文试图以语用学的一些基本理论为指导来分析英语委婉表达，着重探讨委婉表达的形式、语用特征和语用功能。

Although there are surprising similarities between corresponding expressions in two languages, differences between them are obvious, especially in euphemistic discourse.

摘 要：汉英两种语言均有丰富的委婉语，在具有类似的语言表达形式的同时，两者又具有明显的相异表现，这尤其反映在委婉话语中。

Euphemistic expressions are more than euphemistic words and phrases established by use.

委婉表达不仅指委婉词语，它更是积极运用语言进行交际的一种表达方式。

Among the various factors that determine the degrees of mildness of euphemism, familiarity is the most important one.

决定委婉程度高低的因素中，最重要的因素是对委婉语的熟悉程度。

Analyse the metaphor mechanism in nice Nelly, the viewpoint that applies cognitive linguistics explained the cognitive manage of nice Nelly is occupied.

分析委婉语中的隐喻机制，运用认知语言学的观点解释了委婉语的认知理据。

Language communication is an important way to maintain the social relationship among human beings. The use of Euphemism avoids causing the unpleasantness of two communicative sides and damaing their relationship. Basing on the implication of Euphemism, the paper mainly explores the functions of taboo, politeness, avoidance of vulgarism, cover of Euphemism and persuasion that are helpful for our conscious and correct language using in cross-cultural communication.

摘 要：语言交际是人类赖以维系社会和人际关系的重要手段，委婉语的使用有效避免了引起交际双方的不快从而损害双方的关系，本文从委婉语的应用出发，着重探讨了委婉语的避讳功能、礼貌功能、避俗功能、掩饰功能、劝诱功能，这将有助于我们在跨文化交际中更加自觉和准确地使用语言。

In western cultures, many of the fields that people tend to euphemize widely are not different from anywhere in the world.

本文介绍了委婉语同禁忌语的关系，委婉语对语境的依赖性，着重介绍了英语委婉语的特点及在各个领域的应用，并探讨了人们使用这些委婉语的原因。

To let off steam :to give vent to one's anger handle"意思相近,但比"to lose temper委婉客气些 What will you do if your wife lets off steam?

假如你太太大发脾气的话，你该怎么办呢？(因为谈论的对象使对方的太太，所以语气要委婉客气些)。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。