妊娠

The result showed:leptin level was positive related with the level of E2,P in mammary only duringthe pregnancy,leptin level was positive to the level of Prl GH during the pregnancy-lactation cycle Hint:leptin in mammary might promote the development of mammary duct and gland bubble with E2,P;leptin in mammary might promote the mammary development and start secretion of milk with Prl; leptin in mammary and GH were promoting the growth during mammary developmen,strengthen the action to promote the gland bubble development with Prl,mighe play an important role in the modulation of the mammary gland development.

提示，乳腺组织leptin很可能在妊娠期协同E2、P作用于乳腺导管和腺泡的生长发育；乳腺组织leptin与Prl很可能共同在青春期和妊娠期促进乳腺发育及在妊娠末期启动泌乳，乳腺发育过程中乳腺组织GH很可能与乳腺组织leptin共同发挥其促生长作用，加强Prl在妊娠期的促进腺泡发育的作用，直接或间接的调节乳腺的发育。

Results the risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus was increasing with growth rate of pregnant body mass index (or=89.1274,95%ci6.2574～95.1757),pre-pregnancy body mass index (or=8.1826,95%ci7.1804～41.3126) years of age(or=2.4322,95%ci2.2815～15.2251) and having family history of diabetes(or=4.1254, 95%ci 4.0247～27.2024),but no statistical difference was observed in pre-pregnancy height.the faster women' s growth rate of body mass index in duration of increase pregnancy,the more possible who would fall in ill with gestational diabetes mellitus.conclusion the incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus was related to the growth rate of pregnant body mass index.

结果 多因素回归分析显示，孕期体质指数增加大(or=89.127？4，95％ci=6.257？4～95.175？7)、孕前体质指数大(or=8.182？6，95％ci=7.180？4～41.312？6)、有糖尿病家族史(or=4.125？4，95％ci=4.024？7～27.202？4)、年龄大(or=2.432？2，95％ci=2.281？5～15.225？1)均增加孕妇发生妊娠期糖尿病的风险；未发现身高与妊娠期糖尿病发病有关。排除孕前体重干扰后，孕期体重增长速度越快，发生妊娠期糖尿病的风险越大。结论孕期体质指数增长过快是妊娠期糖尿病的独立危险因素。

Methods: Separate and abstract the effective components of Huangqi (Omni-Saponin、total-flavone) and Danshen (Danshen-ketone、 Danshen-Quinone). Applying L-Arginine methyl ester to pregnant rats by I. P to make Nitrogen Oxide Synthesis blocking models (uterus-placenta-fetus lacking blood and oxygen model or pregnant hypertension syndrome model). On day 12, 18 of pregnancy paunched the rats and took out the fetus and placenta/uterus. Measured the basal BP during pregnant period and BP、protein、basal activity each day. Observed placenta/deciduas ultramicroscopic structure by electron microscope and took count of languishment cells. Measured the expressive intensity of bcl-2、Bax of placental nutrient cells by SABC method.

一氧化氮合成酶阻滞剂L-精氨酸甲酯妊娠大鼠腹腔给药，制作一氧化氮合成阻滞模型（子宫-胎盘-胎儿缺血缺氧或妊娠高血压模型），妊娠第12、18天剖腹取胎、胎盘／子宫，妊娠期测基础血压，每日测血压、蛋白质量、基本生理活动；电镜观察胎盘／蜕膜超微形态结构，并进行细胞凋亡计数；免疫组化检测胎盘滋养细胞bcl-2、Bax表达强度；原位杂交法检测胎盘滋养细胞、血管内皮细胞VEGF、eNOS、iNOS、MCP-1、MMP9（基质金属蛋白酶9）mRNA表达。

Objective: To investigate the relationship between dietary macronutrient intake, especially total caloric intake and carbohydrate content, and gestational diabetes mellitus, and the effect on occurrence and development of GDM, so as to provide some scientific evidences for clinical monitoring, evaluation, interventions, and pregnancy outcome.

研究妊娠晚期母亲总热卡摄入量、碳水化合物含量与妊娠期糖尿病的相关性及其在妊娠期糖尿病的发生发展中所起的作用，为制定预防、预测和干预妊娠期糖尿病的发生和发展规划，改善母婴结局提供科学依据。

Ninety-one cases of repeat ectopic pregnancy were demonstrated from 1380 cases of ectopic pregnancy.result: the repeat ectopic pregnancy was 6.59%(91/1380) after operation, eighty-four cases demonstrated as tubal pregnancy, six cases were tubal pregnancy three times, seven cases were cured by conservative medication,the recurrence of repeat ectopic pregnancy of twice was 86.81%(79/91). after salpingectomy of the patients who occurred the another tubal pregnancy was 90.41%.

结果：1380例异位妊娠发生重复异位妊娠91例（占6.59%），84例经手术探查证实为输卵管妊娠， 6例为输卵管妊娠3次，7例为药物保守治疗治愈，86.81%重复异位妊娠为连续两次异位妊娠。90.41%输卵管切除者的重复异位妊娠发生在对侧，而保守治疗者72.22%发生在原患侧，两者有显著性差异（p.001）。

Methods: The clinical data of 41 patints with rare ectopic pregnancy including interstitial pregnancy.23 cornual uterogestation,9 ovarian pregnancy,4 abdominal,2 pregnancy were retrospectively analyzed,deformity uterogestation,1 intramural pregnancy,1 and nub of fallopian tube pregnancy,were retrospectively analyzed.

回顾 分析 2003年7月至2005年10月经腹腔镜手术治疗的特殊部位异位妊娠41例的临床资料，包括输卵管间质部妊娠23例，宫角妊娠9例，卵巢妊娠4例，腹腔妊娠2例，残角子宫妊娠1例，子宫肌壁间妊娠1例，输卵管残端妊娠1例。

Results about the cases confirmed by the surgery and pathologic examination, the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative ultrasonography was 89.3%. two cases were misdiagnosed as pelvic inflammatory disease mass and the septus uterus with one side intrauterine pregnancy, three cases of ectopic pregnancy were not accurately positioned, and two cases of cornual pregnancy and tubal pregnancy were mutual misdiagnosis.

结果 在我院经手术及病理检查报告证实诊断的37例宫角妊娠及29例间质部妊娠，术前超声诊断准确率为89.3％，有2例术前超声误诊为盆腔炎性包块及纵隔子宫一侧宫腔妊娠，有3例超声诊断为宫外孕未准确定位，另有2例宫角妊娠与间质部妊娠相互误诊。

Results l.Serum concentrations of VCAM-1 in PIH (93.39 + 57.3)ug/ml were higher than that in normal pregnant group. Serum concentrations of VCAM-1 in moderate(97.89 + 34.07)ug/ml and severe PIH(132.24 + 60.97)ug/ml were significantly higher than that in normal group.(P.05, P.01). There was no difference between serum levels of VCAM-1 mild PIH and normal pregnant group. 2.Serum levels of IL-6 in PIH group(102.17 ?48. 31)pg/ml were significantly higher than that in normal group(49.16 + 12.9)pg/ml.Serum levels of IL-6 in moderate(95.79+31.19)pg/ml and severe PIH( 127.27+11.3 8)pg,ml were significantly higher than that in normal group. There was no difference between serum levels of PIH in mild PIH (52.13 + 12.90)pg/ml and normal pregnant group. 3. In PIH group, serum concentrations of VCAM-1 correlate with the levels of IL-6,r=0.63. 4.The expression of VCAM-1 in cytotrophoblast of spiral arteries in normal pregnant group(100%) were significantly higher than that in PIH group.Theexpression of VCAM-1 in moderate PIH(37.50%) and sever PIH were lower than that in normal group.There was no difference between the mild PIH and normal group.Conclusions The increased levels of serum of VCAM-1 may participate in the process of vascular endothelium damages in PIH.

结果 1、妊高征组血清VCAM-1浓度为(93.39±57.3)μg／ml明显高于正常妊娠组(44.87±15.60)μg／ml，差别有显著性(P＜0.05)；中、重度妊高征组VCAM-1浓度分别为(97.89±34.07)μg／ml和(132.24±60.97)μg／ml，与正常妊娠组比较，差异有显著性(p＜0.05)和非常显著性(P＜0.01)；轻度妊高征组VCAH-1为(48.46±15.60)μg／ml与正常妊娠组比较，差异无显著性(P＞0.05)。2、妊高征组血清IL-6含量为(102.17±48.31)pg／ml，明显高于正常妊娠组(49.16+12.9)pg／ml，差异有非常显著性(P＜0.01)；中、重度妊高征组IL-6含量分别(95.79±31.19)pg／ml和(127.27±11.38)pg／ml，与正常妊娠组比较，差异有显著性(P＜0.05)和非常显著性(P＜0.01)；轻度妊高征组IL-6含量为(52.13±12.90)pg／ml与正常妊娠组比较，差异无显著性(P＞0.05)。3、VCAM-1与IL-6水平呈明显正相关，r=0.63(P＜0.01)。4、子宫胎盘床螺旋动脉滋养细胞VCAM-1表达，正常妊娠组都存在阳性表达(阳性表达率100％)，妊高征组有10例阳性表达阳性表达率为叩们，差别有非常显著性河＜0.01L 中、重度妊高征组阳性表达率分别为37、50％和0，与正常妊娠组比较，差别有显著性河＜0.05）和非常显著性汀＜0.01太轻度妊高征组阳性表达率为83.33凡与正常妊娠组差别无显著性问＞0.05）。

Results: Mast cells in uterus were mainly distributed in the myometrium, only a few in the endometrium. After ovum implantation ,the mast cells were comparatively less at the place of implantation. The number of mast cells of early and late pregnancy(1～5 dyas, 15～19 dyas) was apparently higher than that during middle pregnancy(P＜0. 05). Stained by alcian blue-safranin, both red and reddish blue mast cells decreased gradually in number during pregnancy, but the proportion of blue mast cells was increased. Critical electrolyte concentration of mast cells decreased as time went on.

结果：(1)肥大细胞主要分布于子宫肌层，子宫内膜较少，且胚泡植人部位的肥大细胞明显少于非植入部位；(2)妊娠早期(孕1～5d)和妊娠后期(孕15～19d)肥大细胞数显著多于妊娠中期(P＜0.05)；(3)Alcian蓝藏红组化染色后，可见妊娠过程中红色和红蓝混合色肥大细胞逐渐减少；蓝色肥大细胞所占比例逐渐增大，孕9～19d肥大细胞几乎全部为蓝色；(4)肥大细胞临界电解质浓度值随妊娠时间的推移而变小。

objective:to explore the method of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of oligohydramnios in late pregnancy,the association of olignophdramnios with pregnant complications and its effect on perineonate.methods:the clinical data in 84 patient with oligohydramnios from january 2004 to december 2006 in our hospital were collected,and 100 patients with normal amniotic fluid volume selected randomly served as control at the same time.the complications of pregnancy and adverse perinatal outcomes were analysed.results:afi method was much better than afv in diagnosis of oligohydramnios by ultrasonography.the combination of both methods could obviously improve the diagnostic accuracy of oligohydramnios.oligohydramnios could cause pregnant complications,the rate of cesarean section,fetal distress,asphyxia neonatorum and meconium -stained fluid improved significantly.conclusion:oligohydramnios in late pregnancy can cause adverse effect to perineonate,it is a dangerous omen to perineonate and need to be done immediately.ultrasonography is a dependable diagnostic method of oligohydramnios in late pregnancy.

目的：探讨超声诊断晚期妊娠羊水过少的方法，羊水过少与妊娠并发症的关系及对围生儿的影响。方法：收集我院2004年1月~2006年12月住院分娩足月妊娠产妇超声诊断羊水过少者84例，与临床符合率相比较，同时随机抽取同期在我院住院分娩的羊水量正常孕妇100例作为对照组，两组妊娠并发症及围生儿情况进行比较。结果：超声诊断羊水过少afi法优于afv法，两种方法结合可明显提高羊水过少的诊断准确率，羊水过少易伴发妊娠并发症，且妊娠晚期羊水过少孕妇剖宫产率及胎儿窘迫、羊水粪染、新生儿窒息的发生率明显增加，差异均有显著性。结论：妊娠晚期羊水过少会给围生儿造成不良的影响，是危险的征兆，需及时处理，超声检查是产前诊断羊水过少的可靠方法。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。