奥斯曼

The effect is primarily expressed by four ways as follows:(1)The collapse of the gigantic Ottoman Empire established the border of contemporary national countries in the Middle East;(2)When the Arab Nationalism came into being as a whole ideology,the mundane nationalism made a great progress in non-Arabic countries such as Turkey,Afghanistan and Iran;(3)Inspired by the nationalistic spirit,the wind of modernized reform blew all over the Arabia Islan...

战争对中东的影响主要体现在三个方面：一战使庞大的奥斯曼帝国崩溃，为中东现代民族国家疆界的基本形成奠定基础；阿拉伯民族主义作为一个完整的意识形态出现，世俗的民族主义在土耳其、阿富汗、伊朗等非阿拉伯国家蓬勃发展；在民族主义精神的激励下，现代化的改革之风吹遍了土耳其、伊朗、阿富汗和阿拉伯半岛。

Our word turban, first recorded in English in the 16th century, can also be traced to Ottoman Turkish tulbend.

我们所认识的&turban&穆斯林的传统头巾这个词，最早在16世纪在英语中就有所记录，同样它可以被追溯到奥斯曼土耳其语中的tulbend

The University functions in a bilingual mode, relying on English as its primary language of instruction, but using Turkish whenever necessary, for example, for courses and readings on Turkish Literature or Ottoman History.

双语模式，大学的职能，依靠英语作为主要教学语言，但土耳其在必要时使用，例如，课程和奥斯曼土耳其文学，历史读物。

This makes the Chinese culture to pay more attention to the accumulation of previous experience; and some Western countries have suffered foreign invasion, we have experienced Greece, ancient Rome, Alexander the Empire, the Ottoman Turkish Empire ruled four times, culture has therefore broken and more made in the course of cultural development to facilitate the acceptance of different cultures, absorbing, select what they need, and this is the need for a critical, rational thinking, and then to choose in order to fully re-establish their own culture.

这使得中国文化更重视前人经验的积累；而西方一些国家则遭受过异族入侵，经历过希腊、古罗马、亚历山大帝国、奥斯曼土耳其四大帝国的统治时期，文化也曾因此断裂，这更使得在文化发展过程中易于接受不同的文化，博采众长，选取自己所需的东西，而这是需要一番批判、理性地思考，然后才能进行充分地选择，重新建立自己的文化的。

Year in June 1453, the Ottoman Turkish Sudan Mohammed scored Constantinople, and finally went to his constant of St. Sofia's Cathedral.

公元1453年6月，奥斯曼土耳其苏丹穆罕默德攻入了君士坦丁堡，终于走进了他朝思暮想的圣索非亚大教堂。

"The rise and decline of empire," a brief description of the Hun Empire, the Arab Empire, the Mongol Empire, the Byzantine Empire, Mughal Empire, the Ottoman Turkish Empire, the Chinese empire, the rise of seven countries and the decline of the history of track and try from a large Dynasty of ancient information, explore the rise and fall of civilization out of the laws and mysteries of the deep-seated change.

帝国的崛起与没落》简要介绍了匈奴帝国、阿拉伯帝国、蒙古帝国、拜占廷帝国、莫卧儿帝国、奥斯曼土耳其帝国、中华帝国等七国的崛起和没落的历史轨迹，并力图从庞大的古代资料的考析中探索出文明兴亡更迭的深层规律和奥秘。

Since the 14th century, Byzantine scholars migrated to the west in succession because of the pressure of the Ottoman Turkish army's powerful offensive. When the Byzantine Empire faced the crisis of surviving, in order to save the empire, more Byzantine scholars migrated to the West to seek help from Latin West which is of the same religion with them.

自14世纪开始，迫于奥斯曼土耳其军队的强大攻势，拜占廷学者陆续向西方迁徙，当拜占廷帝国面临生死存亡之时，为了向同宗的拉丁西方求援，挽救拜占廷帝国，更多的拜占廷学者移居西方。

Meanwhile Ottoman Turkish was attacking Byzantine Empire from all sides, lots of Byzantine scholars migrated to Italy in order to seek military help from Latin West for Byzantine Empire. Using their abundant attainments of classical culture, they participated in the movement of reviving ancient Greek culture in Italy, and had promoted the development of the Renaissance of Italy forcefully.

与此同时，拜占廷帝国面临奥斯曼土耳其的步步进逼，为了向西方寻求军事援助，大批拜占廷学者移居意大利，他们以其丰富的古典文化素养，积极参与意大利的古希腊文化复兴，有力地推动了意大利文艺复兴运动的发展。

Subtle hand-painted ceiling motifs mirror the geometric shapes of the fabrics below, while handcrafted 'Hiref' mirrors and lithographs representative of Turkish and Ottoman art adorn the walls.

微妙的手工绘制的上限，图案一面镜子，几何形状的织物下面，而手工'海瑞弗'的反光镜和版画的代表和土耳其奥斯曼帝国的艺术装饰墙壁。

On that day the musketry and artillery of Selim the Grim, the Ottoman sultan, blasted to shreds the sword-wielding cavalry of Egypt's 250-year-old Mamluk sultanate, opening the way to 400 years of Ottoman Turkish rule over all but the peripheries of the Arab world.

从此奥斯曼帝国开始了持续四个多世纪对阿拉伯国家的外围统治。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。